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叶茂省 《中国新技术新产品》2013,(8)
切向超滤技术作为一种新兴的分离技术,它在各行业中已经有了一定的应用。本文简单介绍了切向超滤技术的机理、滤膜的截流和吸附特性、超滤过程中胶体有机碳的回收率以及渗透行为,最后对该技术在环境科学的胶体有机碳分离方面的应用及存在的问题进行了深入分析。 相似文献
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本刊讯日前,由中国计量科学研究院完成的《高通量蛋白质检测关键技术的研究》课题在解决蛋白质的快速分离技术方面取得了重大突破。研究建立了以反向加样连续自由流电泳(FFE)分离方法为核心的高通量蛋白质分离检测技术中最为关键的高稳定度自由流电泳(HSFFE)装置。 相似文献
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微流控二维芯片电泳技术因其具有分离速度快、易于微型化和自动化、接口处死体积小、可极大地改善峰容量和分辨率等优点,而在复杂的蛋白质组学研究中展现出了巨大的潜力.文中针对蛋白质微流控二维芯片电泳分离原理、芯片的设计和制作、检测技术、分离分析条件的优化等进行了综述,按二维接口模式分类讨论了徼流控二维芯片电泳技术在蛋白质分离分... 相似文献
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蛋白质具有重要的生理作用和经济价值,进行蛋白的高效率和高灵敏度的分离和分析研究是现代药物分析、分析化学及生命科学研究的热点领域之一。本文主要从蛋白质分离分析的现代色谱分离方法、毛细管电泳法、微流控芯片技术以及联用技术等方面进行概述。 相似文献
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In this study, we propose for the first time the use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) in combination with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for untargeted metabolomic profiling of biological fluids. To achieve this goal, we first systematically evaluated 42 different SPME coatings for the extraction of 36 metabolites from different chemical classes and of widely varying polarities (log P range of -7.9 to 7.4) in order to identify SPME coatings which are the most suitable for metabolomic studies and to improve the extraction of polar metabolites over the existing commercial SPME devices. Three types of SPME coatings (mixed-mode coatings, polar-enhanced polystyrene-divinylbenzene, and phenylboronic acid) performed the best for simultaneous extraction of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic metabolites at physiological conditions, thus making them suitable for untargeted metabolomic profiling applications. A rapid and simple SPME method was then developed with single-use biocompatible mixed-mode coating for the metabolomic profiling of human plasma in combination with liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry on a benchtop Orbitrap system. This optimized SPME method was evaluated versus ultrafiltration and solvent precipitation in terms of metabolite coverage and method precision. SPME detected 1592-3320 features versus 2082-3245 features detected by solvent precipitation methods and 2093-2686 detected for ultrafiltration using the same pooled human plasma sample. Method precision of SPME ranged between 11% and 18% (expressed as median relative standard deviation (RSD) of n = 7 replicates) versus 8-19% for solvent precipitation and 20-22% for ultrafiltration. The results demonstrate that the proposed SPME methodology reduces ionization suppression, provides free concentration information for hydrophobic analytes which are not detected by ultrafiltration methods, and can improve metabolite coverage over existing methodologies. 相似文献
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聚醚酰亚胺中空纤维超滤膜的研究(I)膜结构、热性能和机械性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)为膜材料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)和聚乙二醇(PEG)等添加剂,N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)和二甲基乙酰胺(PMAc)为溶剂,采用干/湿法纺丝技术制备出聚醚酰亚胺中空纤维膜,提高了PEI超滤膜的耐污梁性,通过改变纺丝液中不同的添加剂(如PEG或PVP),PEI中空气纤维膜断面可从指状孔转变成海绵状,此外,讨论了聚醚酰亚胺中空纤维的膜结构,热性能和机械性能。 相似文献
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超滤技术在碱性果胶酶浓缩工艺中的应用 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
运用从自然界中分离得到的一株具有产生特效高活性碱性果胶酶的软腐欧文氏菌株Erwinia
Carotovora IFO 3830,通过发酵得到了含有高活性碱性果胶酶的发酵液由于果胶酶在该发酵液中浓度极低,仅为数μg/g左右.为了从大量的但含有目的酶浓度却极低的溶液中将目的酶分离出来,一般所使用的化工浓缩方法由于其操作温度较高使酶产品失活而无法运用.目前被普遍用于酶浓缩的硫酸铵沉淀法,不仅化学药品的消耗极大,而且后处理工艺又比较复杂;回收得到的沉淀酶制品中因混入了大量的培养基和其他杂质,导致后处理工序的更加复杂.本研究采用截留分子量为5
000和10 000(道尔顿)的超滤平面膜组件,可以直接从去除了菌体的发酵液中浓缩回收了目的产物碱性果胶酶,在浓缩率在20倍的条件下,取得了98.3%的高回收率.此外,还对超滤过程的表观阻力、浓缩率、渗透流束和浓缩液浓度等随着起滤过程的进行的变化规律进行了较为详细的研究 相似文献
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This study deals with the removal of chromium species from aqueous dilute solutions using polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration (PEUF) process. Three water soluble polymers, namely chitosan, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and pectin were selected for this study. The ultrafiltration studies were carried out using a laboratory scale ultrafiltration system equipped with 500,000 MWCO polysulfone hollow fiber membrane. The effects of pH and polymer composition on rejection coefficient and permeate flux at constant pressure have been investigated. For Cr(III), high rejections approaching 100% were obtained at pH higher than 7 for the three tested polymers. With chitosan and pectin, Cr(VI) retention showed a slight increase with solution pH and did not exceed a value of 50%. An interesting result was obtained with PEI. The retention of Cr(VI) approached 100% at low pH and decreased when the pH was increased. This behavior is opposite to what one can expect in the polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration of heavy metals. Furthermore, the concentration of polymer was found to have little effect on rejection. Permeate flux remained almost constant around 25% of pure water flux. 相似文献