旋流分离技术的现状与应用前景

在化工领域旋流分离技术越来越受到重视,其应用程度也随着技术的不断完善而更加普遍,在此通过简述液旋流分离器的基本结构和工作原理及特点的基础上,介绍了旋流分离技术用于化工方面的现状并展望了旋流分离技术在液液分离过程中的应用前景。     

混相旋流分离技术应用研究

概述了旋流分离技术在我国的应用现状,分析了旋流分离技术的工作原理和工作特性,研究了此项技术在气—液、气—固、固—液、液—液等混相分离的进展,明确了旋流分离技术推广应用的关键环节及问题,阐述了在石油、化工、环保等多行业的推广前景。     

钻井液循环气液分离器作用效能研究

文中设计制作了一种气液旋流分离器,并将之组合应用于自主设计和建立的钻井液循环流动模拟实验装置。该气液旋流分离器采用筒体与内置锥体结合并具有侧斜向下进液管的构型,利用旋流分离原理实现气液分离。通过模拟实验详细研究了使用气液旋流分离器实现钻井液中气体分离的过程,考察了气液旋流分离器的分离效能以及流体流量、气流量、外接压力、流体黏度等因素对分离效能的影响。实验结果表明:在模拟实验运行条件下,气液旋流分离器的分离效能可达到90%。     

旋流分离技术在石油、石化工业中的应用

介绍了旋流分离器的基本结构和工作原理,并将旋流分离与其他几种分离技术在油污水处理方面进行了比较,综述了旋流分离技术用于油水分离、油污水处理、原油或其他油品脱水的研究与发展现状,并展望了旋流分离技术在石油、石化工业中的应用前景。     

基于入口分散相重排序的旋流强化分离研究进展

随着工业化进程的飞速前进，适用于分离多相不互溶介质的旋流分离器已广泛应用于石化、环保等重点行业。为了提高旋流分离器在全粒径范围内分散相的分离效率，涌现出了多种旋流分离过程强化技术。其中，对入口分散相进行重排序的旋流强化技术因具有加工成本及运行费用低、易于实施、强化效果明显等优势，展现出了重要的应用价值及推广前景。本文聚焦于入口分散相重排序的旋流强化技术，对基于惯性力场和离心力场进行分散相重排序的旋流强化原理、排序器结构类型及应用于液-液、固-液、气-固两相的分散相重排序强化技术及研究成果进行了系统的分析和总结。在此基础上，从组织构建分散相重排序后的多股液流，选择促进多股液流间协同高效分离的旋流场入射方案，强化分散相移动过程中的聚并长大和/或惯性碰撞等角度出发，总结了分散相重排序的技术路线并进行研究展望，从而指导旋流器的旋流分离过程强化及优化设计，助力于旋流分离效率的深度提升。     

一种旋流除砂装置的数值模拟研究

介绍了油田采出液成分,阐明了采出液除砂的必要性,结合旋流分离技术与重力沉降技术,设计了一种底流封闭的单出口旋流除砂结构。利用计算流体动力学软件Fluent,计算旋流除砂器的内部流场,得到了相应的压力损失分布云图和砂相分布云图,通过对旋流除砂装置内部的旋流分离和重力沉降的模拟分析,为旋流器和储砂箱的结构优选提供了设计依据。     

含油废水气浮旋流组合处理技术浅析

随着对含油废水处理要求的不断提高,有必要在现有各种单一处理技术的基础上开发组合处理技术,气浮旋流组合处理技术近些年来在国内外得到了关注.作者对现有各种气浮旋流组合技术的特点进行了详细分析,将其分为充气水力旋流器、气浮与常规液一液分离用水力旋流器单体组合、气浮与低强度旋流离心力场组合3种类型.鉴于第3种类型已有成功工业化应用的产品.因此应该成为国内的研究方向.     

液—液旋流分离工艺系统流程优化技术研究

从液—液旋流分离工艺出发,研究并优化旋流分离工艺系统流程,以提高旋流分离工艺的效率,降低工程造价,降低生产成本,为油田的持续稳定发展提供技术储备。     

环己烷氧化液的废碱分离实验研究

针对环己烷氧化法制备环己酮中氧化液废碱的分离问题,在80kt/a环己酮试验装置上开发了环己烷氧化液的废碱分离技术,即将重力沉降、旋流分离和聚结分离3种分离技术依次串联组合的梯度分离技术,同时采用较为先进的两段逆流碱洗工艺,实现水的循环利用。对Na+的脱除效率可以达到50%,延长烷-塔开车周期6个月以上。     

电场-旋流耦合强化多相介质分离研究进展

概述了国内外基于电场-旋流耦合场来强化非均多相分离的研究进展,并对相应强化分离方法进行分析与归纳。根据不同介质类别分别介绍了电场-旋流耦合强化液-液分离、气-固分离、气-液分离、固-液分离等多相介质分离技术、设备及工作原理,例如：动态/静态静电旋流脱水装置、静电旋风除尘器/摩擦旋风分离器、静电旋风除雾器及电动旋液分离器。总结了电场类型与分布、耦合场与液滴、颗粒作用、耦合场数值模拟方法等,为研究电场-旋流耦合强化分离多相介质提供依据。针对特殊多相介质（如黏度大、密度差小及弱/无电导率等）分离性能较差的问题,本文提出应综合考虑耦合设备的结构尺寸、操作参数及安装条件,在提高分离效率的基础上,应加强电场-旋流耦合装置运行安全性的研究以扩大耦合强化多相介质分离的适用范围。     

尾管过滤式水力旋流器滤出效率实验研究

将过滤用微孔管与常规液-液水力旋流器相结合,在后者的结构基础上研制了一种改进结构的尾管过滤式水力旋流器,并利用该旋流器对油水混合液进行了分离实验研究,测定和分析了尾管段滤出效率和底流效率。     

Mechanism of Particle Separation in Small Hydrocyclone

The mechanism of particle separation in a small hydrocyclone is analyzed in this study. The separation efficiency of particles is affected by two major effects, the centrifugal and underflow effects. The fundamentals of these effects on the selectivity curve are derived from the theories of hydrodynamics. Three JIS particulate samples are separated in a 10-mm hydrocyclone. The proposed mechanism can be demonstrated by the available data. An increase in split ratio leads to an increase in the separation efficiency only for fine particles; consequently, a decrease in the separation sharpness results in a remarkable fishhook phenomenon. When the feed rate is increased by increasing the pressure drop through the hydrocyclone, the entire partial separation efficiency will be improved, but the separation sharpness and fishhook depth have no substantial varieties. The proposed mechanism can be used for explaining these phenomena, for the selection of optimum operating conditions, and for the hydrocyclone design.     

CFD在液液水力旋流器入口结构及尺寸优化中的应用

根据计算流体力学 (CFD)的原理和方法 ,以流场数值模拟为基础 ,本文研究了旋流器的各组成部分在分离中所起的作用 ,首次定量描述了旋流器内、外旋流压力 ,径向压力梯度和弗劳德准数沿管长的变化 ,并分析了旋流管各部件对分离性能及能耗的影响 ,并对旋流管入口结构和尺寸作了优化计算     

液-液水力旋流器的研究与开发应用

液注水力旋流器倍受石油企业的重视，这主要是近年来为适应海上采油过程中油水分离时所要求的水中含油量代、占用空间水等特点。本文对这种分离过程的特点、主要的技术指标及其目前的应用状况进行了系统的总结，从实验研究、模型化研究与研究的角度对水力旋流器的研究进展进行了广泛的综述。此外，还对目前研究中存在的；问题以及今后进一步的研究方向提出了自己的见解。     

Studies on the performance of a hydrocyclone and modeling for flow characterization in presence and absence of air core

Hydrocyclones are getting more and more interest from various industries. They are widely used to separate particulates from liquid at high throughput because of their advantages like simple structure, low cost, large capacity and small volume, require little way of maintenance and support structure. Modeling of complex and multiphase flow behavior inside the hydrocyclone is done usually with the help of computational fluid dynamic study. Current study involves experimental investigation of separation performance characteristics of the hydrocyclone using new design parameters. For experimental purpose, a new hydrocyclone was designed with insertion of solid rod, at central portion of conical section of hydrocyclone, inside the hydrocyclone . By which air core could be eliminated effectively and hydrocyclone performance is improved. This effect may be observed due to reduction of radial and axial components of velocity and turbulence in the area near the entrance of the vortex finder. Therefore, the flow field characteristics inside the hydrocyclone with no air core become more suitable for separation. Also the effect of flow rate, vortex finder depths, air core and particle interaction were studied experimentally. A new arrangement was suggested to eliminate the air core formed inside the hydrocyclone. In this case, effect of diameter and height of solid rod inserted inside the hydrocyclone with changing total inlet flow rate was studied experimentally. Three-dimensional geometry and meshing of hydrocyclone is created in Gambit, preprocessor of commercial software—Fluent, for hydrodynamic study.     

Identification and prediction of air core diameter in a hydrocyclone by a novel online sensor based on digital signal processing technique

A hydrocyclone is a particle separation device widely used in chemical and allied process industries in which a particle-fluid mixture is injected tangentially creating a strong swirling, recirculation flow. The particle separation efficiency increases by suppressing the air core, so online prediction of air core formation has significant importance in the industrial operations. Performance of hydrocyclone is greatly influenced by shape and size of air core. A novel type of senor technique has been developed to identify and predict the air core diameter from online live data using data acquisition card. The true signal amplitudes change as a function of the time was used with noise interruption for random changes in amplitude. Noises are eliminated by using moving average technique. The slope of the curve is continuously tracked to determine sudden or abrupt change and indicates the formation of air core. It has been observed that a strong air core of diameter 0.95 cm to 1.2 cm was formed during experimentation and matched with predicted values over an entire flow regime. The experimental and finally an alarm is designed which gives alerts once air core is formed and calculates air core diameter. For calculating air core diameter a polynomial equation is fitted between pressure difference and the pressure transmitter reading. A simple moving average with a smooth width of 10 was used for prediction of air core. Experimental results indicate that the digital signal sensor techniques identify the air core and measure air core diameter very accurately and can be used in many mining and mineral based chemical and allied process industries.     

除油水力旋流器结构尺寸筛选试验研究

在室内模拟实验装置上 ,采用粒级效率进行了旋流器的小锥管锥角、溢流口直径、底流口直径、底流直管段长度和入口当量直径等尺寸筛选实验。筛选结果表明 ,旋流器的溢流口直径和底流口直径对旋流器的分离效果产生较大影响。     

高效节能水力旋流器研究进展

综合介绍了国内外高效节能水力旋流器的研究进展,分析了影响旋流器分离性能和能耗的主要因素,介绍了针对不同问题提出的相应解决办法.对其迄今的研究成果进行了简要评述,并对其发展进行了展望。     

Performance characteristics for particles of sand FCC and fly ash in a novel hydrocyclone

With growing industrialization in power sector and petrochemical industries water has been contaminated with particulates like sand, fly ash and FCC. In the present investigation, a new type of hydrocyclone was designed and fabricated. The system is designed in such a manner that it can operate in a wide range of variables for sand, sand-ash and sand-FCC systems. A detailed study on performance analysis of hydrocyclone, pressure drop, cut size particle diameter and particle characterization has been carried out for the design of the hydrocyclone. A mathematical model for predicting particle separation efficiency and cut size particle diameter has been developed. A correlation has been developed for percentage removal of particles and retention of particles in the hydrocyclone. An experimental finding shows 96% removal efficiency for particle with cut size diameter of , which can meet the required separation in industrial application.