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为了提高微生物燃料电池的性能,提出采用纳米级氧化铈(CeO2)和β-环糊精(β-CD)进行阳极改性的方法。采用溶液浸泡法制备CeO2-β-CD改性碳毡阳极,以制药废水为阳极液,以驯化污泥为微生物菌种,对比分析3种不同阳极对双室微生物燃料电池性能的影响。结果表明,采用CeO2-β-CD改性阳极的微生物燃料电池的稳态电流密度、最大功率密度、150 h的发电能量及对制药废水的化学需氧量(COD)去除率分别约为0.22 A·m-2、0.073 W·m-2、86.26 J和68%,较采用未改性碳毡阳极的微生物燃料电池分别提高了266.7%、114%、522.4%和94%。CeO2-β-CD改性阳极显著提高了微生物燃料电池的产电能力和废水处理效果。 相似文献
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针对微生物燃料电池产电电流密度低等问题,提出重铬酸钾(K_2Cr_2O_7)和氯酸钾(KClO_3)改性阳极提高微生物燃料电池性能的方法。以湖底污泥为阳极底物,糖蜜废水为阳极液,高锰酸钾(KMnO_4)和氯化钠(NaCl)的混合液为阴极液,构建微生物燃料电池实验系统;以K_2Cr_2O_7或KClO_3为电解液,通过电解处理对阳极进行改性。结果表明,采用质量分数为6%的K_2Cr_2O_7溶液对阳极进行改性时,微生物燃料电池系统的产电性能和净水效果达到比较好的状态,其稳态输出电压约为8.5 mV,稳态电流密度为7.9 mA·m~(-2),对糖蜜废水的化学需氧量(COD)去除率约为35.2%。K_2Cr_2O_7或KClO_3改性碳布作为阳极的微生物燃料电池的发电性能和水处理效果均有明显改善。 相似文献
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综述了不同种类阳极材料(碳基材料、金属基材料、改性材料、天然材料和新型材料)在微生物燃料电池中的研究进展,对阳极材料在微生物燃料电池中作用机理进行了总结。探究了不同阳极材料所产生的输出功率、功率密度、电压、电流密度以及对污染物的降解效果,分析了提升产能的原因。对微生物燃料电池阳极材料的不足之处进行了阐述,对其未来发展提出了展望。 相似文献
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微生物燃料电池(MFC)是一种利用微生物将有机物中的化学能直接转化成电能的装置,通过改善阳极特性可以有效提高微生物燃料电池的产电性能。通过恒电流法电沉积制备了氧化石墨烯/聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(GO/PEDOT)复合材料修饰碳毡(CF)阳极。通过循环伏安法和交流阻抗法考察了电极特性。将其应用到微生物燃料电池中,对其产电性能进行评价。结果表明,GO/PEDOT-CF电极具有较大的比表面积和优良的电化学性能;以GO/PEDOT-CF为阳极的微生物燃料电池,产电性能良好,其最大功率密度和最大电流密度达到1.138 W·m-2和4.714 A·m-2,分别是未修饰阳极的4.80倍和5.51倍。因此,GO/PEDOT复合材料是一种优良的阳极修饰材料,可有效提高MFC的产电性能。 相似文献
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微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC),是一种同步废水处理与产能的新技术——以微生物为催化剂降解废水中的有机物,将其中的化学能转化为电能。本文介绍了微生物燃料电池阳极和阴极材料以及电极催化剂的最新研究进展,讨论了提高微生物燃料电池性能的方法,即通过使用纳米材料修饰电极来提高微生物及催化剂的吸附面积、结合不同材料的优点制作复合材料做催化剂来克服单一材料的不足之处,以期研究和开发出高性能的微生物燃料电池;指出微生物燃料电池的应用前景是将微生物燃料电池与其它技术相耦合来提前实现它的实际应用。 相似文献
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碱性燃料电池性能较稳定,催化剂的选择不受贵金属的限制。其中,阳极催化剂对加速燃料的氧化反应速率、碱性燃料电池的能效、稳定性和成本都有很大的影响。该文从碱性燃料电池阳极催化剂种类、载体和制备方法等方面对近年来阳极催化剂的研究现状进行了分析。分析结果表明,掺杂不同金属的合金催化剂有效提高了催化剂的电催化活性;催化剂载体种类、负载量和分散度的不同影响催化剂的稳定性;金属氧化物的加入可以同时提高催化剂的电催化活性和稳定性;催化剂制备方法的改进可以提高催化剂电化学比表面积,改变元素的分布。 相似文献
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为研究甲烷在固体氧化物燃料电池中操作稳定性,分别采用共沉淀法和柠檬酸溶胶.凝胶法制备了10%CuO-Ce0.15Zr0.85O2催化剂,并以此为阳极催化剂、LSM为阴极制成了YSZ电解质支撑的SOFC单电池.用XRD对材料进行表征;用SEM对阳极,阴极进行表征.以甲烷为燃料对单电池发电性能进行测试,研究了两种不同方法制备的Cu-Ce-Zr-O阳极催化剂的抗积炭性能.相对于共沉淀法,溶胶-凝胶法制备的阳极结构和发电性能都要优于前者.长期稳定性方面,共沉淀法和溶胶.凝胶法制备的Cu-Ce-Zr-O/YSZ阳极都较传统的Ni-YSZ阳极更能够长期稳定运行. 相似文献
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Edith Martin Oumarou Savadogo Serge R. Guiot Boris Tartakovsky 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2013,43(5):533-540
Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and polarization tests were used to monitor the progress of the anode colonization by electrode-reducing microorganisms in a single-chamber membraneless microbial fuel cell seeded with anaerobic sludge. The electrochemical methods showed that an increase in microbial fuel cell power output coincided with a progressive decrease of the anode internal resistance and a more negative open circuit potential. Two redox systems were observed in cyclic voltammograms shortly after microbial fuel cell startup, while a redox system with a peak around ?330 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl) was predominant in the mature biofilm. The redox systems were also dependent on the external resistance chosen for microbial fuel cell operation. This suggests that within the diverse microbial populations several species are capable of electron transfer to the anode, and that the microorganisms with the highest electron transfer rate become predominant. Furthermore, the growth of these electrode-reducing microorganisms can be accelerated by optimizing the microbial fuel cell electrical load. 相似文献
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Biogas‐fed Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) systems can be considered as interesting integrated systems in the framework of distributed power generation. In particular, bio‐methane and bio‐hydrogen produced from anaerobic digestion of organic wastes represent renewable carbon‐neutral fuels for high efficiency electrochemical generators. With such non‐conventional mixtures fed to the anode of the SOFC, the interest lies in understanding the multi‐physics phenomena there occurring and optimizing the geometric and operation parameters of the SOFC, while avoiding operating and fuel conditions that can lead to or accelerate degradation processes. In this study, an anode‐supported (Ni‐YSZ) tubular SOFC was considered; the tubular geometry enables a relatively easy separation of the air and fuel reactants and it allows one to evaluate the temperature field of the fuel gas inside the tube, which is strictly related to the electrochemical and heterogeneous chemical reactions occurring within the anode volume. The experiments have been designed to analyze the behavior of the cell under different load and fuel utilization (FU) conditions, providing efficiency maps for both fuels. The experimental results were used to validate a multi‐physics model of the tubular cell. The model showed to be in good agreement with the experimental data, and was used to study the sensitive of some selected geometrical parameters modification over the cell performances. 相似文献
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IrCo bimetallic anode catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) have been synthesized with a modified ethylene glycol method. X‐ray diffraction, TEM, CV, and linear sweep voltammetry results show that after the modification of Co, Ir nanoparticles supported on carbon exhibit high activity for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). The maximum power density of 610.5 mW cm–2 of a 50 cm2 single cell is achieved using 20%Ir–30%Co/C catalyst as the anode, with a loading of 0.2 mgIr cm–2. It is suggested that IrCo/C proposed in this work may be used as anode catalyst of PEMFC. 相似文献
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Sebastian Kaserer Christoph Rakousky Julia Melke Christina Roth 《Journal of Applied Electrochemistry》2013,43(11):1069-1078
In this work, we present the design of an external reference electrode for high-temperature PEM fuel cells. The connection between the reference electrode with one of the fuel cell electrodes is realized by an ionic connector. Using the same material for the ionic connection as for the fuel cell membrane gives us the advantage to reach temperatures above 100 °C without destroying the reference electrode. This configuration allows for the separation of the anode and cathode overpotential in a working fuel cell system. In addition to the electrode overpotentials in normal hydrogen/air operation, the influence of CO and CO + H2O in the anode feed on the fuel cell potentials was investigated. When CO poisons the anode catalyst, not only the anode potential increased, but also the cathode overpotential, due to fewer protons reaching the cathode. By the use of synthetic reformate containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and water on the anode, fuel cell voltage oscillations were observed at high constant current densities. The reference electrode measurements showed that the fuel cell oscillations were only related to reactions on the anode side influencing the anode overpotential. The cathode potential, in contrast, was only negligibly affected by the oscillations under the applied conditions. 相似文献
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为提高微生物燃料电池(MFC)的废水处理效果和发电性能,制备了一种海藻酸钠-聚季铵盐11/碳毡(SA-PQ-11/CF)阳极,分别以制药废水和糖蜜废水为阳极液,以碳毡为阴极,构建微生物燃料电池(MFC)实验系统,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、循环伏安特性(CV)、化学需氧量(COD)对其性能进行表征。结果显示,SA-PQ-11/CF阳极具有较大的比表面积,MFC的溶液电阻和电荷转移电阻也得到明显降低。阳极液为制药废水时,采用SA-PQ-11/CF阳极的MFC的稳态输出电压和COD去除率分别约为0.22 V和62%,较常规碳毡阳极时分别提高了100%和130%。阳极液为糖蜜废水时,采用SA-PQ-11/CF阳极的MFC的稳态输出电压和COD去除率分别为0.15 V和43%,分别较采用常规碳毡阳极时提高了275%和95%。基于SA-PQ-11的阳极改性能够有效提高MFC的废水处理效果和产电能力。 相似文献