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合成了新型阻燃剂乙二胺四甲撑四[双(2-羟基-3-氯丙基)]膦酸酯(FRS)。合成中间产物乙二胺四甲撑膦酸(EDTP)的适宜条件是:甲醛∶亚磷酸∶乙二胺=1.2∶0.6∶0.16(摩尔比),反应体系初始pH<1.5,室温滴加甲醛15h,回流反应2.5h。EDTP收率为68.8%。合成FRS的适宜条件是:环氧氯丙烷∶EDTP=10∶1(摩尔比),反应体系初始pH=4.0(用NH3调节),80℃条件下2h内滴加完环氧氯丙烷后继续反应1h。FRS的收率达92.6%。FRS对织物的阻燃能力超过四羟甲基氯化膦(THPC),它与甲醚化三羟甲基三聚氰胺(TMM)协同使用时其阻燃性能和耐洗性能都能得到提高。 相似文献
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2-戊基蒽醌的合成研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
首次以苯和叔戊醇为基础原料经烷基化、酰基化和关环3 步反应合成了2 戊基蒽醌。改进和优化了各步合成工艺条件:在三氯化铝- 硫酸双酸催化下,当n(AlCl3)∶n(H2SO4)= 1∶1-25,n(C6H6)∶n(t C5H11OH) =9∶1,温度6 ℃,反应4 h 时,戊苯收率为79-3% ;在2 甲基吡啶存在下,中间体2 (4′ 戊基苯甲酰) 苯甲酸收率为80-2 % ;关环反应采用氯仿为溶剂,利用类似分水器的装置,有效控制反应温度使炭化减少,2 戊基蒽醌收率为81-4 % 。 相似文献
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壬基酚聚氧乙烯(4)醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐的合成与性能研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
考察了壬基酚聚氧乙烯(4) 醚磺基琥珀酸单酯二钠盐的合成工艺条件,并测定其表面化学性能。最佳合成工艺条件:n( 酚醚)∶n( 顺酐) = 1∶1 .05 ,酯化温度120 ℃,酯化时间4.0 h ,n( 顺酐)∶n( 亚硫酸钠) = 1∶1.05 ,磺化温度80 ℃,时间2 .0 h;整个反应在氮气保护下进行,终产物得率> 96 % 。产物主要表面化学性能:临界表面张力2 .95×10 - 2 N·m -1 ,临界胶束浓度7 .94 ×10- 4 mol·L- 1 ,钙皂分散力LSDP为32 % ,乳化性能2 .48 min ,去污力90s。 相似文献
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以氰乙酸乙酯和多聚甲醛为原料合成α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯,无催化合成的最优反应条件是:n(CNCH2COOC2H5):n「(HCHO)n」=1.00:1.05、反应温度82~85℃、溶剂(乙酸乙酯)用量200mL/mol氰乙酸乙酯、反应时间3h,合成收率58.2%(质量分数≥99.0%)。 相似文献
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新型阻燃剂乙二胺四甲撑四(双(2—羟基—3—氯丙基))膦酸酯的合成及应?… 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
合成了新型阻燃剂乙二胺四甲撑四(双(2-羟基-3-氯丙工)膦酸酯(FRS)。合成中间产物乙二胺四甲撑膦酸(EDTP)的适宜条件是:甲醛:亚磷酸:乙二胺=1.2:0.6:0.16(摩尔比),反应体系初始,pH〈1.5室温滴加甲醛1.5h回流反应2.5hEDTP收率为68.8%,合成FRS的适宜条件是:环氧氯丙烷:EDTP=10:1(摩尔比)反应体系初始pH=4.0(用NH3调节),80℃条件下2h内 相似文献
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《现代化工》1996,(10)
氧丙烷)、反应温度、反应时间。所得产品经测试,熔点为98~100℃,溴质量含量为62.0%,环氧值为0.25,热分解温度为194.28℃,5%热失重温度187.82℃。②1,3-双(2,4,6-三溴苯氧基)-2-丙醇的合成此反应是在碱性条件下进行的。首先将三溴苯酚、NaOH和溶剂依次加入反应器,其它操作步骤同①。最佳工艺条件为:n(三溴酚)∶n(NaOH)=1∶1.2,n(三溴酚)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)=2∶1.5,反应时间9h。反应因素对反应影响大小次序为温度、时间、n(三溴酚)∶n(NaOH)、n(三溴酚)∶n(环氧氯丙烷)。所得产品含溴量w为66.8%,热分解温度为271.85℃,5%热失重温度为235.05℃,热稳定性能相当好。(于福明、陆懋荪,青岛大学,266071) 相似文献
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异氰尿酸三苄基酯的合成研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺作溶剂,异氰尿酸、苄氯为原料合成了异氰尿酸三苄基酯。通过正交实验得最佳反应条件为原料摩尔比异氰尿酸∶苄氯∶三乙胺=1∶3.1∶3.2,反应温度160℃,反应时间4h,溶剂DMF6.5ml/g异氰尿酸。该条件下产率达85%以上 相似文献
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M. S. J. Simmonds W. M. Blaney F. Delle Monache M. Marquina Mac-Quhae G. B. Marini Bettolo 《Journal of chemical ecology》1985,11(12):1593-1599
Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria. 相似文献
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Cheng-Le Zhao Shane Porzio Alan Smith Haiyan Ge H. T. Davis L. E. Scriven 《Journal of Coatings Technology and Research》2006,3(2):109-115
Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively.
There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized.
High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without
the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of
fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to
achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic
SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve
F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender
particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing,
and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing
or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually
preserves suspension stability during freezing.
Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago,
IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition. 相似文献
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Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US
In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae
and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted
in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures
(release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species
(Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species
to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were
exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of
separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles
from the southeastern region of the US. 相似文献
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Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed. 相似文献
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中蓝晨光化工研究院有限公司《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2009,37(3)
收集了2007年7月~2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007~2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍. 相似文献
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中蓝晨光化工研究院《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2007,35(3):1-25,67
收集了2005年7月~2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。 相似文献