透水模板布对铁路混凝土性能影响研究

采用透水模板布浇筑大尺寸试验墩,从表面回弹、permit测试、吸水性、电通量等方面对比研究了透水模板布对混凝土力学性能及表层渗透性的影响。结果表明,采用透水模板布施工能使混凝土外观显著改善,表面力学性能大幅提高,同时混凝土表层渗透性大幅降低。透水模板布能有效提高混凝土表层性能,进而提高混凝土结构的耐久性。     

透水模板布在南水北调工程扭曲面混凝土施工中的应用

结合南水北调工程某标段倒虹吸渐变扭曲面混凝土成型高质量需求,对比研究了透水模板布对混凝土力学性能及表层渗透性的影响。结果表明,采用透水模板布施工能使混凝土外观显著改善,表面力学性能大幅提高,同时混凝土表层渗透性大幅降低。透水模板布能有效提高混凝土表层性能,进而提高混凝土结构的耐久性。     

透水模板对提高混凝土结构耐久性的试验研究

结合工程实际,运用空气渗透性、表面水吸附、回弹法等方法检验了混凝土的表面性能,对比评价了透水模板的使用效果,试验表明:使用透水模板的混凝土表层强度、抗空气、水吸附渗透能力均有改善,分析得出采用透水模板后混凝土表层变得更加密实,内部水化反应可以正常进行,从而提高了混凝土的耐久性。     

电渗结合透水模板成型混凝土表观质量试验

基于电渗均匀快速的排水特性,建立了电渗滤水试验模型,阐述电压加载初始时点、电压值、电渗历时及电极间距对混凝土成型效果的影响,并研究了结合透水模板垫层来改善电渗混凝土成型外观的方法.结果表明:电渗结合透水模板工艺排水可形成致密无孔洞混凝土表面,显著降低混凝土渗水透气性能,且可提高混凝土表面强度.     

威海某跨海大桥应用透水模板施工的试验探讨

通过表面外观的观察、用回弹法测量表面强度、测定非稳态氯离子扩散系数等方法,对比评价了普通模板与透水模板的使用效果.试验表明,使用透水模板的混凝土的外观、表层强度、抗氯离子渗透能力均有改善,其中掺有粉煤灰、矿渣掺合料的混凝土的改善更加明显.这主要是透水模板的渗水、透气、保水养护作用的结果.在试验的基础上,列举了国内使用透水模板重大工程的应用效果,并结合威海长会口跨海大桥所处的寒冷海洋气候环境及使用大掺量掺合料等因素,提出使用透水模板的必要性和建议,以满足大桥达到100年的设计寿命要求.     

透水模板的试验研究

本文介绍新型透水模板试验研究的全过程。通过对测定数据的分析与处理得出结论：使用透水模板能够提高混凝土强度、密实度及耐久性，改善混凝土的表面状况，减少混凝土内部缺陷的发生。排水模板造价低廉，施工方便，是一种有使用和推广价值的新型模板。     

透水模板布对海工混凝土性能影响研究

研究了国产透水模板布与进口透水模板布在重复使用过程中对海工混凝土外观质量、表面强度、抗压强度和抗渗透性能的影响.研究表明:透水模板布随使用次数的增多,混凝土的外观质量、表面强度、抗压强度和抗渗透性能会有不同程度的降低.国产QS透水模板布在前两次使用时性能与两种进口透水模板布相当,部分性能优于进口产品,但第3次使用时效果不如丹麦透水模板布.     

一种简单测算混凝土透水模板衬渗透系数的方法

透水模板衬的使用,可以提高混凝土构件表面强度,减少其表面渗透系数,改善表观质量.影响非织造布模板衬功能的主要参数是其综合渗透系数,该系数影响模板衬控制混凝土水胶比的效果.本文提出一种简便测算非织造布模板衬综合渗流系数的方法,并进行了实验与仿真验算,可供相关技术人员参考.     

透水模板对混凝土性能影响的试验研究

对透水模板与普通模板混凝土的表面强度、吸水率、碳化深度及抗氯离子渗透性能进行了比较分析,结果发现采用透水模板施工的混凝土早期强度、吸水性、抗碳化能力及抗氯离子渗透性能均有显著改善,表明透水模板施工工艺是一项值得深入研究和推广应用的施工技术。     

有机硅烷与透水衬里模板对提高混凝土表层渗透性试验研究

有机硅烷与透水衬里模板(CPF)都是通过降低混凝土表层渗透性而提高混凝土耐久性的技术,通过空气渗透性试验与表层水吸附试验(ISAT)分别研究了有机硅烷、透水衬里模板单独使用时,以及有机硅烷与透水衬里模板共同使用时对混凝土表面渗透性的影响,试验表明有机硅烷能有效降低普通混凝土表层水吸附作用但对空气渗透性没有明显影响,透水衬里模板对普通混凝土表层的空气渗透性与水吸附作用都有明显降低作用,有机硅烷和透水衬里模板同时使用能进一步提高混凝土表层上的抗渗透性.     

真空脱水工艺改善混凝土抗冲磨性能试验研究

采用透水模板衬与真空脱水工艺相结合的方法浇注低水灰比混凝土,探讨以中高强度配比的真空成型混凝土达到高强混凝土抗冲磨性能的可行性.试验结果表明： 降低水泥的比表面积可提高低水胶比混凝土的真空脱水率,进而提高混凝土抗冲磨性能;采用透水模板衬和真空脱水工艺相结合的方法,可使配制强度为C50的真空成型混凝土抗冲磨性能达到或超出配制强度为C70的非真空高强混凝土,由此可减少单方混凝土胶凝材料用量,有利于减少混凝土的收缩.真空脱水工艺提高混凝土抗冲磨性能的机理在于其明显降低了混凝土孔隙率,靠近表层的混凝土最可几孔径、临界孔径和平均孔径均明显减小,孔结构得到明显优化.     

Combined effect of two sustainable technologies: Self-compacting concrete (SCC) and controlled permeability formwork (CPF)

The work presented in this paper aims at contributing to sustainable construction through enhancement of durability of concrete structures. Full size precast elements were cast with both self-compacting concrete (SCC) and conventional vibrated concrete (CC) using controlled permeability formwork (CPF). SCC is known to impart a more homogeneous and finer microstructure, compared to conventional concrete, therefore leading to more durable reinforced and pre-stressed concrete structures. CPF enables, in fresh concrete, drainage of excess water and air besides retaining binder particles at the concrete surface, leading to a blow-hole free surface and enhanced quality of the outer layers. The research program developed was designed to compare performance of two different CPF systems and also assess the combined effect of using CPF on SCC compared to CC.     

基于现场条件下混凝土空气渗透性检测CLAM test法和Sch(o)nlin法的应用研究

透水衬里模板(CPF)通过其滤层排除新拌混凝土表层水分和因振捣而富集于混凝土表层的气体来提高混凝土表层强度和抗渗透性。通过混凝土表层水吸附试验(ISAT)评价了透水衬里模板对混凝土抗渗透性的提高作用,并利用文献提供的混凝土表层水吸附试验(ISAT)与压汞法(MIP)之间的关系式分析了采用透水衬里模板后混凝土表层孔结构参数的变化。在对比分析用压力试验机获得的混凝土整体抗压强度与回弹法得到的表层抗压强度后,可以发现透水衬里模板可以提高混凝土的表层抗压强度而不是混凝土的整体抗压强度。     

Evaluation of concrete mixes and mineral additions when used with controlled permeable formwork (CPF)

The influence of concrete mixes and commonly used mineral additions and their effects on the near surface performance of vertically cast concrete against controlled permeable formwork (CPF) are the focus of this study. Three grades of concrete (C25, C30 and C45) and mineral additives including GGBS and PFA have been tested for surface performance in situ with CPF. The various loadings were chosen to represent the minimum and maximum levels seen in standard industry practice. The range of tests used to characterise the near surface performance include subjective assessment of surface quality, surface hardness and surface tensile strength. Permeability studies of the liners after casting indicate that no excessive embedding of fine particles occurred irrespective of constituents used. Surface quality was dramatically improved in each case and changes to surface colour through densification were quantified. Near surface performance studies indicated a significant improvement for all systems studied.     

可控制渗透性模板内衬对提高混凝土表层性能的研究

可控制渗透性模板内衬(CPF)是一种通过改变混凝土自身的表层性能而提高混凝土耐久性的技术,尽管在欧美和中东地区广泛使用,但由于其价格昂贵,其在国内的推广受到阻碍.通过对国内研发的一种可控制渗透性内衬模板(CPF)进行的空气渗透性与表层水吸附、抗压强度回弹法检测,从表层渗透性和表层强度两个方面对普通混凝土面和采用CPF的混凝土面进行了对比分析,同时从经济角度对可控制混凝土内衬模板(CPF)的重复性使用进行了研究.     

An Investigation into the critical factors affecting the performance of composite controlled permeable formwork liners: Part I – Drainage medium

The critical elements associated with a CPF drainage medium and their associated effects on the near surface performance of vertically cast concrete slabs are the focus of this study. A range of board absorption levels, textured features and texture depth are investigated using a Taguchi orthogonal array approach. A permeable polypropylene filter layer was used in conjunction with the various drainage mediums. Statistical software was utilised to determine significant variables as a function of the near surface performance. The range of tests used to characterise the surface performance of the various drainage mediums include surface roughness, surface hardness, surface tensile strength and water absorption. Results are compared to a control sample which was cast against impermeable plywood formwork. All drainage medium permutations showed similar evidence of water/cement ratio reduction at the near surface region of the concrete slab. Surface quality was analysed using quantitative methods and showed significant improvements for all systems over the control. The results for the systems studied indicate that the features of a drainage medium are not critical to the functionality of a CPF liner to reduce the near surface w/c ratio. In fact, it is indicated that the absence of a drainage medium has the same enhancement in near surface concrete slab properties as that of a complex structure when compared to the control sample.     

Rebound surface hardness of concrete: Introduction of an empirical constitutive model

Surface hardness testing of concrete is a long established NDT method for in situ strength estimation. Nowadays, the rebound hammer is the surface hardness testing device for concrete of the most widespread use. Based on a comprehensive literature review it was realized that no general theory was developed in the last more than 50 years that could describe the relationship between surface hardness and compressive strength of concrete. The diversity of the numerous empirical proposals that can be found in the technical literature needs to be explained. It can be even found in some publications that the method is suitable only for assessing the uniformity of concrete. There is long a time need for a model that can clarify the rebound surface hardness of concrete. Present paper introduces a phenomenological constitutive model (SBZ-model) that can be formulated for the surface hardness of concrete as a time dependent material property. The generating functions of the model are based on the time dependent development of the capillary pore system of the hardened cement paste in concretes that is characterised by the water–cement ratio as a practical simplification. The modelling assumptions and the use of the model would add to the fundamental understanding of the rebound surface hardness of concrete. An extensive experimental verification study clearly demonstrated the reasonable application possibilities of the SBZ-model.