IIR/EPDM并用硫化胶压缩永久变形性能的研究

研究了IIR／EPDM的并用比例、炭黑品种与黑用量、硫黄用量、促进剂CZ用量对IIR／EPDM并用硫化胶压缩永久变形的影响。结果表明：IIR／EPDM并用比例为80／20时,硫化胶具有较好的综合力学性能;在所研究的填充补强体系中,ISAF能够赋予硫化胶较好的耐压缩性能,适宜用量为50份;IIR／EPDM并用硫化胶的压缩永久变形在硫黄用量为0．5－1．0份较好;在研究的范围内,促进剂CZ的用量对IIR／EPDM并用硫化胶的压缩永久变形影响不大。     

炭黑对IIR/CIIR共混硫化胶压缩弹性模量的影响

研究了IIR／CIIR不同并用比和不同炭黑和用量以及软化剂品种和用量对IIR／CIIR共混硫化胶压缩弹性模量的影响。结果显示：当IIR／CIIR并用比为80／20，N220炭黑用量为80份时共混硫化胶有良好的压缩弹性模量，软化剂的加入会降低共混硫化胶的压缩弹性模量。     

影响IIR/CIIR共混硫化胶动态力学性能的因素

研究了IIR/CIIR井用比、补强剂品种和用量以及软化剂对IIR／CIIR共混硫化胶动态力学性能的影响。研究表明：IIR/CIIR井用比对共混硫化胶的动态力学性能有明显的影响，当IIR/CIIR的井用比为80／20时，综合力学性能比较好；炭黑品种和用量对共混硫化胶动态力学性能有显著的影响。组粒子炭黑使共混硫化胶的损耗因子tanδ峰值增大，随炭黑用量增大，tanδ峰值显著威小；软化剂也在一定程度上影响共混硫化胶的动态力学性能。     

EPDM的性能研究

研究了炭黑N330、石蜡油及硫黄用量对EPDM硫化胶力学性能的影响。结果表明，随着炭黑N330用量的增大，EPDM硫化胶的硬度和拉伸强度都增大；随着石蜡油用量的增加，EPDM硫化胶的硬度和拉伸强度都下降；随着硫黄用量的增加，EPDM硫化胶的硬度增大，拉伸强度出现先减小后增大的规律。应用3变量中心复合设计法，通过回归分析，可考察不同用量炭黑、石蜡油和硫黄对EPDM硫化胶力学性能的影响。     

新型高效复合促进剂EA97在EPDM胶料中的应用研究

研究新型高效复合促进剂EA97在EPDM胶料中的应用,并与国外同类产品EG-3进行对比.结果表明:在EPDM4045和EPDM511胶料中,与加入促进剂EG-3相比,加入促进剂EA97的胶料MH略有增大,t10和t9.缩短,硫化胶的300％定伸应力增大,拉断伸长率和拉断永久变形减小;加入促进剂EA97和EG-3的硫化胶经室温停放60d后均未出现喷霜现象.促进剂EA97在EPDM4045胶料中的t1o和t90均比在EPDM511胶料中有所缩短.在硫黄合理用量范围内,EPDM4045/EPDM511并用胶(并用比50/50)的300％定伸应力、拉伸强度、拉断伸长率和拉断永久变形的变化主要取决于促进剂EA97的用量,而硫黄用量的影响相对较小.     

硫化体系对CR/EPDM并用胶性能的影响

试验研究几种EPDM硫化体系对CR／EPDM并用胶在不同停放时间后的硫化特性和硫化胶物理性能的影响。结果表明，EPDM硫化体系采用促进剂CZ／EZ／D／硫黄并用体系，在一定停放时间内CR／EPDM并用胶的硫化速率变化不大，硫化胶物理性能与CR硫化胶相近；采用硫化剂BIPB／助交联剂TAIC／硫黄并用体系，CR／EPDM并用胶的硫化速率小，硫化胶的物理性能较差；采用促进剂BZ／M／TMTM／硫黄、促进剂BZ／M／TRA／硫黄或促进剂DM／D／TMTD／硫黄并用体系，胶料停放时间过长会使CR／EPDM并用胶的硫化速率明显减小，且硫化胶的耐热老化性能较差。     

新型橡胶补强剂Create-E1在EPDM中的应用

试验研究新型橡胶补强剂Create-E1(主要成分为水合二氧化硅及其衍生物)部分替代炭黑N550对EPDM胶料性能的影响.结果表明,随着Create-E1/N550用量比的增大,EPDM胶料的门尼粘度和MH减小,t10和t90延长;EPDM硫化胶的硬度和定伸应力减小,拉断伸长率、拉断永久变形和回弹值增大;当Create-E1/N550用量比为45/45时,硫化胶的综合物理性能最佳;当Create-E1/N550用量比为30/60时,硫化胶的耐屈挠性能最好.     

硅烷偶联剂KH-550对IIR/炭黑N220/白炭黑纳米复合材料性能的影响

研究硅烷偶联剂KH-550对IIR／炭黑N220/白炭黑纳米复合材料的硫化特性、物理性能、动态性能及压缩模量的影响。扫描电子显微镜照片显示，硅烷偶联剂KH-550能较好地增强白炭黑与橡胶大分子之间的键合。试验表明，硅烷偶联剂KH-550可使纳米复合材料的MH增大。t10缩短,t90延长；当用量为3份时。纳米复合材料的物理性能最佳。其tanδ值减小，E’和E^N增大；纳米复合材料的压缩模量随硅烷偶联剂KH550用量的增大而增大。     

优化配方设计提高9.00－20 16PR轮胎的综合性能

通过对9.00-20 16PR轮胎胎冠胶、缓冲层、胎肩胶和胎体帘布层内外层胶的配方优化,提高了轮胎的速度、耐久性能.胎冠胶采用NR/BR(50/50)并用、炭黑N234/N220并用(用量54份);胎肩胶采用NR/BR(90/10)并用、硫化体系为促进剂NOBS、硫化剂DTDM和硫黄;缓冲胶采用全NR,炭黑N330/N660并用(用量44份)、硫化体系为促进剂CZ、不溶性硫黄与硫化剂DTDM;内外层胶采用NR/SBR/BR并用、炭黑N330/N660并用(用量40份)、硫化体系采用促进剂NOBS、DM、硫化剂DTDM和硫黄并用.改进后轮胎的速度性能达到110 km·h-1级运转h,耐久性超过120h.     

EPDM硫黄硫化体系的优化设计

研究由硫黄、促进剂M、TRA和BZ组成的硫黄硫化体系对EPDM胶料性能的影响，特别是在总有效硫用量为1．5份、促进剂M用量为0．5份情况下，硫黄、促进剂TRA和BZ用量变化对EPDM胶料硫化特性和焦烧性能、硫化胶物理性能和耐老化性能的影响，并用等高线法进行分析。结果表明，促进剂BZ和TRA的用量不宜高于0．8份，硫黄／促进剂TRA／BZ适宜配比应保持在普通硫化体系的范围。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.