Effect of Manganese substitution on hydrogen storage properties of LaNi4.25-xAl0.75Mnx alloy

The effect of Mn substitution on phase structure, hydrogen hydriding/dehydriding properties (plateau pressure and slope) and reaction heat enthalpy of LaNi4.25-xAl0.75Mnx alloys (x=0, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45, 0.55 and 0.65) were studied.The experimental results show that all LaNi4.25-xAl0.75Mnx alloys have single phase and have the same hexagonal structure as that of LaNi5 alloy (CaCu5 type, P6/mmm).With increasing Mn substitution content, the cell parameters of LaNi4.25-xAl0.75Mnx alloy greatly increase, but the maximum hydrogen storage capacity and the equilibrium absorption pressure of LaNi4.25-xAl0.75Mnx alloy decrease from 1.38 wt.% to 1.18 wt.% and from 1.61 to 0.0712 MPa, respectively.Moreover, the hydrogen pressure plateau slope factor σ increases from 0.014 to 0.18, but the hysteresis factor is nearly constant.The heat enthalpy absolute value |ΔHplat| increases from 46.7 kJ·mol-1 H2 to 56.1 kJ·mol-1 H2 as the Mn content x increases from 0 to 0.65.     

Effect of Temperature on Structure and Electrode Properties of LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3M0.3 Hydrogen Storage Alloys

对LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3M0.3 (M=Ni, Al, Cu)储氢合金在238,273,303和323 K温度下的结构和电化学性能进行了一系列的实验研究。A,B,C分别代表LaNi4.1Co0.6Mn0.3（Ni替代）,LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3Al0.3（Al替代）和LaNi3.8Co0.6Mn0.3Cu0.3（Cu替代）3种储氢合金,通过X射线衍射仪分别对样品A,B,C的结构进行了研究,对样品A,B,C合金粉末制成的电极进行了模拟电池测试。结果证实,制备的合金均由具有CaCu5型六方晶格结构的LaNi5相构成。3种合金中,Cu替代的合金电极低温性能得到改善,Al替代的合金电极高温放电能力得到提高。交流阻抗图谱分析表明,B合金电极样品的高温放电能力提高是由于合金电极表面形成的致密氧化膜层减缓了合金腐蚀所致,样品B,C的高倍率性能衰退是由于电极表面的充放转移反应和氢原子扩散速率下降造成的,而样品C的优良低温性能则是合金电极表面高的充放电转移反应速率所致。     

Investigation Of Stability And Hydrogen Storage Properties Of LaNi5-XMx（M=Al, Mn) Alloys

通过对LaNi5-xAlx和LaNi5-xMnx两个合金系的晶胞参数、热力学性能、吸氢量、平衡氢压等储氢性能进行对比和分析，建立了LaNi5-xMx(M=Al，Mn)合金系中的x与平台压力以及温度间的对应关系，探讨了晶格常数和晶胞体积及合金稳定性的变化对合金系储氢性能的影响．结果表明，与LaNi5-xAlx相比较，LaNi5-xMnx合金的晶胞体积较大，使其平衡氢压降得更低；随x的增加，LaNi5-xMnx合金晶胞体积膨胀的各向异性程度(即晶轴比变化)较小，且合金稳定性的变化较小，随z增加吸氢量衰减不明显．     

La(1-x)MgxNi4.25Al0.75(x=0-0.3)合金的结构与储氢性能研究

采用三步感应熔炼法制备了La(1-x)MgxNi4.25Al0.75 (x=0.0,0.1,0.2,0.3) 储氢合金,对该系列合金的晶体结构和储氢性能方面进行了研究。晶体结构和相分析结果表明,当x=0.0和0.1时,合金由单一的LaNi4Al相组成;而x=0.2和0.3时,合金由LaNi4Al相, (La,Mg)Ni3相和AlNi3相构成。随着Mg含量x从0.2增至0.3时,合金的第二相丰度和吸/放氢平衡压明显升高,同时储氢容量减小。研究发现,当Mg添加量x=0.1时,合金除具有良好的储氢容量和低平台压外,其吸氢动力学性能更好。     

LaNixMn0.26Aly合金的吸放氢性能研究

对LaNixMn0.26Aly合金的储氢性能进行了研究。结果表明,与LaNi4.61Mn0.26Al0.13合金相比,LaNi4.5Mn0.26Al0.13合金的晶格常数和晶胞体积均变大,吸氢平台压力略有降低,放氢平台压力基本不变,滞后因子有所改善,储氢容量略有减少,氢化物生成焓绝对值变大,氢化物稳定性增加;对于LaNi4.4Mn0.26Al0.34合金,Al替代部分Ni使合金的晶格常数和晶胞体积变大,吸放氢平台压力明显降低,滞后因子明显改善,吸氢动力学性能显著提高,氢化物生成焓绝对值变大,氢化物更加稳定,但储氢容量有所减少。     

Effects of Co Substitution for Ni on Microstructures and Electrochemical Properties of LaNi3.8 Hydrogen Storage Alloys

系统研究了Co替代Ni对LaNi3.8型LaNi3.8-xCox(x=0.0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金组织结构和电化学性能的影响。研究表明,所有合金都由LaNi5、Ce5Co19和Pr5Co19相组成。随着Co含量的增加,3个相的相丰度发生变化,而且单胞体积也相应的增加,这使得合金的放氢平台压降低到镍氢电池需要的范围(0.01~0.1 MPa)。与LaNi3.8相比,含Co合金的循环性能得到改善。LaNi3.4Co0.4具有最大的放电容量,这一点与固态放氢量一致。LaNi3.6Co0.2倍率放电性能最好,具有最大的交换电流密度(Io)和最小的电荷转移电阻(Rct)。     

Study on Hydrogen in Mixed Gas Separated by Rare Earth Hydrogen Storage Alloys

采用中频感应炉在氩气保护下制备稀土镍系AB5型贮氢合金和La-Mg-Ni系AB3型贮氢合金。利用H2、N2和CH4配制的混合气体来模拟工业尾气,对利用稀土贮氢合金分离混合气体中氢气的纯度、合金抗杂质气体毒化及抗粉化性能进行研究。结果表明,稀土镍系AB5型合金由CaCu5型结构组成,AB3型La-Mg-Ni系合金为多相结构,由(La,Mg)Ni3、LaNi5以及LaNi2型相组成。在分离混合气体中氢气时,贮氢合金均受到杂质气体的毒化,导致吸氢速率降低,吸氢量减少。La-Mg-Ni系合金的抗粉化性能好于LaNi5及其多元化合金。综合考虑分离氢气的纯度、合金的抗毒化及抗粉化性能,认为LaNi3.7Mn0.4Al0.3Fe0.4Co0.2合金分离氢气的效果较好,氢气纯度可以达到90.7%。     

Effects of substituting Ni with M (M=Cu, Al and Mn) on microstructures and electrochemical characteristics of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) electrode alloys

In order to improve the electrochemical cycle stability of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) hydrogen storage alloy, Ni in the alloys was partially substituted by M (M=Cu, Al, Mn). A new La-Mg-Ni system electrode alloys La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Mx (M=Cu, Al, Mn;x =0,0.1) were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The effects of element substitution and rapid quenching on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the alloys were investigated. The results by XRD, SEM and TEM show that the alloys havea multiphase structure, including the (La, Mg)Ni3 phase, the LaNi5 phase and the LaNi2 phase. The rapid quenching and element substitution have an imperceptible influence on the phase compositions of the alloys, but both change the phase abundance of the alloys. The rapid quenching significantly improves the composition homogeneity of the alloys and markedly decreases the grain size of the alloys. The Cu substitution promotes the formation of an amorphous phase in the as-quenched alloy, and a reversal result by the Al substitution. The electrochemical measurement indicates that the element substitution decreases the discharge capacity of the alloys, whereas it obviously improves the cycle stability of the alloys. The positive influence of element substitution on the cycle life of the alloys is in sequence Al＞Cu＞Mn, and negative influence on the discharge capacity is in sequence Al＞Mn＞Cu. The rapid quenching significantly enhances the cycle stability of the alloys, but it leads to a different extent decrease of thedischarge capacity of the alloys.     

Preparation of low cobalt high rate discharge hydrogen storage alloy MlNi_(3.85)Co_(0.45) Mn_(0.4)Al_(0.3)X_(0.1)(X=Mg,Si,Sn)

1　INTRODUCTIONInrecentyears,Ni/MHbatterythatisanewgenerationbatterywithhighenergydensitywasrapidlydevelopedafterwardsNi/Cdbattery .WiththeincreasinglymatureofNi/MHbatteryproductiontechnique,itbeginstojointhefieldofhighpowerandgreatcapacitycell,andbecomesgraduallythemostpromisinggreendynamiccellthatwasappliedtoelectromotivemotor .Thehydrogenstoragealloy ,asthekeymaterialofNi/MHdynamiccell,mustbecharacterizedbyitshighspecialcapacity ,highvolt ageplatform ,goodcatalyzeactivity ,longcycl…     

LaNi4.25Al0.75合金的结构与储氢性能（英文）

采用XRD、吸氢PCT曲线、吸氢动力学曲线、XPS和粒径分析等测试方法,研究LaNi4.25Al0.75合金的结构和储氢性能;推导LaNi4.25Al0.75合金的四晶胞结构,分析LaNi4.25Al0.75合金的结构与性能的内在联系。结果表明:LaNi4.25Al0.75合金具有快速吸氢性能和较好的抗燃烧能力,其吸氢平台压和温度之间的函数关系式为lnpeq=-4820/T+12.46,合金的吸氢速率随着温度的升高而降低。     

Hydrogen-induced Amorphization in LaNi2.5M0.5 (M=Ni, Fe, Mn, Si) Alloys

采用XRD和电化学测试的方法研究了Fe、Mn、Si部分替代Ni对LaNi3型贮氢合金氢致非晶化的影响.结果表明:LaNi2.5M0.5(M=Ni,Fe,Mn,Si)贮氢合金的主相均为LaNi3相;在第一次充电后,合金均有一定程度的氢致非晶化现象;LaNi3和LaNi2.5Fe0.5合金的放电曲线没有放电平台,表明合金充电后为非晶态;LaNi2.5Mn0.5和LaNi2.5Si0.5合金的放电曲线有一个倾斜的平台,这表明少量的Mn和Si可以在一定程度上抑制LaNi3型贮氢合金的氢致非晶反应.     

La0.7Ce0.3Ni3.75Mn0.35Al0.15Cu0.75-xFex合金的相结构和电化学储氢性能（英文）

采用感应熔炼和热处理的方法制备La0.7Ce0.3Ni3.75Mn0.35Al0.15Cu0.75?xFex(x=0~0.20)合金,并研究合金的相结构和电化学储氢性能。全部合金均为单一的具有CaCu5结构的LaNi5相,LaNi5相的晶格常数a和晶胞体积随着x值的增加而增大。最大放电容量随着x值的增加从319.0mA·h/g(x=0)降低到291.9mA·h/g(x=0.20)。在1200mA/g的电流密度下HRD值从53.1%(x=0)降低到44.2%(x=0.20)。合金电极的循环稳定性随着x值的增加而增强,这主要归因于合金抗粉化能力的增强。     

Homogenizing behaviour in a hydrogen-absorbing LaNi4.55Al0.45 alloy through annealing and rapid quenching

Homogenizing behaviour in a hydrogen-absorbing alloy with a composition of LaNi_4.55Al_0.45 through annealing and rapid quenching was investigated to improve its equilibrium characteristics with hydrogen. Annealing has an effect on homogenizing the Al distribution in the dominant phase of CaCu₅ structure and decreasing the plateau slope in the P-C isotherms. The rapidly quenched alloy exhibited a flatter but narrower plateau region than the induction-melted and annealed alloy, which became wider after short-time annealing for 7.2 ks at 1323 K. The effect of the annealing in the rapidly quenched alloy was attributed to a decrease in lattice defects introduced by the rapid quenching process.     

A2B7型贮氢合金相结构及电化学性能研究

采用感应熔炼方法制备La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5-xMnx(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2)四元贮氢合金,系统地研究合金B侧Mn对Ni部分替代对合金相结构及电化学性能的影响。XRD分析表明,La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5-xMnx由La2Ni7相(包括Gd2Co7型高温相和Ce2Ni7型低温相)组成。此外,Mn的加入,使该类合金中出现LaNi5相,但是在含Mn量较高(x=0.15,0.2)的合金中LaNi5相消失。电化学测试表明,随Mn含量的增加,合金电极活化次数变化不大,合金电极的最大放电容量减小,高倍率放电性能、交换电流密度变差,循环稳定性、极限电流密度均得到明显的改善。     

TiV0.8-xCr1.2Alx合金的结构与贮氢性能

研究了Al对TiV0.8-xCr1.2Alx(x=0、0.05、0.1、0.15、0.2)合金的结构与贮氢性能的影响.XRD、PCT等测试研究表明:TiV0.8-xCr1.2Alx合金均为单相bcc结构,铸态时主相为树枝状晶组织;随着Al含量由0增加到6.67 at%,合金的晶格常数变大,吸氢量和放氢量减小,氢化物标准生成焓变与生成熵变增大.放氢的平台压随着Al含量的增加而线性增大.TiV0.75Cr1.2Al0.05合金最大吸氢量达3.887%(质量分数),有效吸氢量达2.288%.     

退火处理对La1．5Mg0．5Ni7．0贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响

研究了退火温度对A287型La1.5Mg0.5Ni7.0合金的相结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明：铸态合金由LaNi，相、LaMgNi4相、（La，Mg）Ni3相以及Gd2Co7型相组成，退火处理后，合金由Gd2Co7型相、Ce2Ni7型相和PuNi3型（La，Mg）Ni3相组成：随着退火温度升高，PuNi3型相的丰度减小，ce2Ni7型相的丰度增加，（La，Mg）Ni3相的a轴参数、c轴参数和晶胞体积均增大；经1073K保温24h退火后，合金电极具有最高的放电容量（391．2mAh／g），退火温度升高，合金的最大放电容量略有降低：合金电极的循环稳定性随着退火温度的升高不断提高，在1173K时合金电极经150次循环后其电极容量保持率C150／Cmax=82％；合金的高倍率放电性能（HRD）随退火温度升高略有增加，在1173K时，合金电极的HRD最好（HRD900=89．0％）；交换电流密度I0、极限电流密度I1及氢扩散系数D随着退火温度的升高而增大。     

A2B7型La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx（x=0-0．3）合金相结构及电化学性能

采用感应熔炼方法制备了A2B7型La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx（x=0，0．02，0．06 0.1，0．3）四元贮氢合金，系统研究了Al元素部分替代Ni对A2B7型La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5合金相结构及电化学性能的影响。X射线衍射（XRD）分析表明：La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5由单一La2Ni7相组成：Al元素加入后，开始出现CaCu5型LaNi5相，当x=0．3时，LaNis相成为合金的主相。Rietveld分析表明：随着Al含量的增加，LaNi5相逐渐增多，Al的加入利于CaCu5型LaNi5相的形成。电化学测试表明：Al替代Ni对A2B7型合金La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5电极活化性能影响不大：而最大放电容量随Al在La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx，合金中替代量的增加而减小。当放电电流密度为1600mA／g时，合金的倍率放电性能由68.8％（x=0）增加到81．16％（x=0．1）然后减小到65．67％（x=0.3）。此外，La0.75Mg0.25Ni3．5-xAlx合金电极循环稳定性先增加而后下降。x=0．06时合金电极容量保持率最大（S100=85.21．％）。     

Effects of annealing treatment on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of low-Co hydrogen storage alloys containing Cu and Fe

The effects of annealing treatment on the microstructure and electrochemical properties of low-Co LaNi3.55Mno.35Co0.20Al0.20Cuo.75Fe0.10 hydrogen storage alloys were investigated.X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that annealing treatment remarkably reduced the lattice strain and defects,and increased the unit-cell volume.The optical microscope analysis showed that the as-cast alloy had a crass dendrite microstructure with noticeable composition segregation,which gradually disappeared with increasing annealing temperature,and the microstructure changed to an equiaxed structure after annealing the alloy at 1233 K.The electrochemical tests indicated that the annealed alloys demonstrated much better cycling stability compared with the as-cast one.The capacity retention at the 100th cycle increased from 90.0％(as-cast) to 94.7％ (1273 K).The annealing treatment also improved the discharge capacity.However,the high rate dischargeability (HRD)value of the annealed alloy slightly dropped,which was believed to be ascribed to the decreased exchange current density and the hydrogen diffusion coefficient in alloy bulk.     

酸化处理对MmNi_(3.45)Co_(0.75)Mn_(0.6)Al_(0.2)贮氢合金性能的影响

研究了酸性水溶液的浸蚀对贮氢合金粉的吸氢性能的影响。酸性水溶液浸蚀时该合金易活化和氢化，且改善了它的动力学特性。初次放电时，使用浸蚀合金粉的负极的放电电位比未处理的约低１００ｍＶ，且吸氢容量不随充放电周期的增加而明显降低。Ｘ光衍射分析和磁性测量表明，浸蚀处理除去合金不活泼的表面氧化层，通过对某些元素的选择性溶解，生成了富含金属镍的新的表面。     

Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Characteristics of the as-Cast and Annealed La0.8-xPrxMg0.2Ni3.35Al0.1Si0.05 (x=0~0.4) Electrode Alloys

采用铸造及退火工艺制备了La0.8-xPrxMg0.2Ni3.35Al0.1Si0.05 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4)电极合金。系统研究了Pr的替代对合金的结构与电化学储氢性质的影响,结果表明除少量残余LaNi3相外,铸造及退火合金是由六方Ce2Ni7型(La, Mg)2Ni7相与六方CaCu5型LaNi5相构成的。Pr对La的置换对合金的电化学储氢性质产生明显影响,铸造及退火合金的放电容量和高倍率放电能力随Pr含量的增加先升后降。当Pr含量由0增加至0.4时,铸造及退火合金的100次充放电循环后容积保持率S100从64.96%和72.82%分别增加至77.94%和91.81%