枪钻低频轴向振动钻孔的有限元分析

为了使枪钻在加工过程中减小钻削力,运用有限元分析软件Deform-3D动态模拟出枪钻钻头低频轴向振动钻削过程。根据枪钻钻头轴向振动钻削的断屑经验公式确定切削参数;建立了加工过程的有限元模型,并动态模拟了轴向振动钻削加工过程和普通加工过程,结合这两种加工过程中刀具所受的轴向力和扭矩变化情况进行了分析;最后将两种加工情况进行对比。结果表明:振动钻削能够显著地降低钻削中产生的轴向力和扭矩,减小钻头的磨损,延长钻头的寿命。     

深孔DF系统振动钻削断屑机理的研究

采用DF系统钻削深孔时,断屑是影响钻削质量的关键要点与难点。文章将DF系统与振动钻削结合起来,通过对其断屑理论的研究,得出了DF系统振动钻削在有、无振幅损失时的完全几何断屑条件。基于Defrom-3D软件对DF系统振动与传统钻削的切屑形态进行了数值仿真对比试验。并通过加工实验,验证分析了振动与传统钻削各自的断屑情况,探讨了振动钻削在使用不同参数时的钻削效果。结果表明:DF系统振动钻削比传统钻削断屑更为可靠,且选用不同参数可控制切屑的形态。     

麻花钻几何参数对不锈钢钻削性能影响的研究

采用ProE和Deform-3D软件分析了影响麻花钻钻411性能关健的几何参数,主要研究麻花钻横刃和顶角对不锈钢钻削过程中切削力、扭矩、刀具磨损的影响.介绍了缩短横刃长度和采用S形横刃螺旋面钻尖对不锈钢钻削力和扭矩的影响.重点分析了顶角影响主切削刃的长度、单位刃长的切削负荷、切削层中切削宽度与切削厚度的比例、切削中轴向力与扭矩、切屑形成与排屑情况.对于在钻削中,如何提高钻头的寿命,提高钻削加工的生产率和孔的加工质量具有重要的指导意义.     

0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb超声振动钻削的钻削力和切屑研究

针对深小孔钻削过程中存在轴向力和扭矩较大、断屑排屑效果差、刀具易磨损等问题,通过建立轴向振动钻削运动数学模型,分析了超声振动钻削的钻削力和断屑机制。在设计的超声轴向振动钻削试验装置上对0Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb不锈钢材料进行了普通钻削和超声振动钻削深小孔加工试验,对比分析了轴向力、扭矩和切屑形状。实验结果表明:与普通钻削相比,超声振动钻削降低了轴向力和扭矩,获得了良好的断屑和排屑效果,提高了钻削过程的稳定性,延长了刀具的使用寿命。     

错齿BTA中间齿断屑槽的实验研究

通过改变错齿BTA中间齿断屑槽槽宽L,来研究中间齿断屑的问题。用3支中间齿断屑槽槽宽不同的错齿BTA在切削速度为62.8 m/min,进给量为0.2 mm/r下对45钢进行钻削。通过对切削力和切屑的分析,得出错齿BTA中间齿断屑槽槽宽L对中间齿断屑有影响。     

带减摩槽刀片切削机理的试验研究

本文通过对平前刀面和带减摩槽刀片的基本切削试验结果的分析 ,考察了减摩槽对主切削力 (Fz)以及切削变形和断屑性能的影响 ,在此基础上得出对三维断屑槽设计的一些有益结论 ,并据此设计了一种新型的断屑槽。     

切削加工强制断屑方法的研究与应用

通过列举机械加工行业目前常用的几种切削加工断屑工艺,并结合典型实例进行分析,找出各工艺方案存在的缺点与不足.对于那些韧性好、难断屑的材料在进行低速切削加工时,断屑则成为一个十分棘手而又难以解决的问题.如何通过改进断屑方法来提高工件加工的表面质量和刀具的使用寿命,这是文章所要讨论和解决的问题.     

枪钻加工精密孔的冷却和排屑

本文全面阐述了枪钻加工精密孔的冷却和排屑问题,分析了冷却与排屑的作用、关系,提出了改善冷却与排屑的措施。     

用整体硬质合金钻头加工深孔

越来越多的加工车间正用整体硬质合金钻头取代枪钻加工深孔。 在过去枪钻占主导地位的深孔加工刀具市场中,能钻削深度达16—40倍孔径深孔的新一代整体硬质合金麻花钻正占有越来越大的份额。为了提高加工精度和排屑性能,这种整体硬质合金钻头采用了横刃和螺旋槽,并采用高密度硬质合金材料以提高硬度,从而使其能以比枪钻快5—10倍的速度进行钻削加工。     

基于BTA深孔钻钻削EA4T钢的切屑形成机制研究

通过BTA深孔钻钻削EA4T钢的实验,探究在切削EA4T钢过程中切屑的形成机制。通过统计不同的切削用量所对应的切屑类型,进而分析用BTA深孔钻钻削EA4T钢过程中改变切削用量对切屑形态的影响。在此基础上反推出BTA深孔钻钻削EA4T钢时,切削用量的实际控制范围,为实际生产提供一定的理论依据。实验结果显示用BTA深孔钻钻削EA4T钢,分屑、断屑效果良好,并且可以在很大的范围内以不同的切削速度或进给量都能得到较理想的C型屑。     

High-throughput drilling of titanium alloys

Experiments of high-throughput drilling of Ti–6Al–4V at 183 m/min cutting speed and 156 mm³/s material removal rate (MRR) using a 4 mm diameter WC–Co spiral point drill were conducted. The tool material and geometry and drilling process parameters, including cutting speed, feed, and fluid supply, were studied to evaluate the effect on drill life, thrust force, torque, energy, and burr formation. The tool wear mechanism, hole surface roughness, and chip light emission and morphology for high-throughput drilling were investigated. Supplying the cutting fluid via through-the-drill holes has proven to be a critical factor for drill life, which can be increased by 10 times compared to that of dry drilling at 183 m/min cutting speed and 0.051 mm/rev feed. Under the same MRR of 156 mm³/s with a doubled feed of 0.102 mm/rev (91 m/min cutting speed), over 200 holes can be drilled. The balance of cutting speed and feed is essential to achieve long drill life and good hole surface roughness. This study demonstrates that, using proper drilling process parameters, spiral point drill geometry, and fine-grained WC–Co tool material, the high-throughput drilling of Ti alloy is technically feasible.     

Continuous chip formation in drilling

The formation of coil continous chips in drilling often leads to chip disposal problems. This paper investigates the drill chip formation process of continuous chips (spiral chips and string chips). Chip removing motions and forces are analyzed. Two models are developed to predict the spiral and string chip formation, respectively. Based on the level of bending due to the chip generation at the cutting edge and deflection by the flute, these models qualitatively investigate relationship of the point angle and flute helix angle on the average chip length. Drilling experiments validate the chip length for spiral and string chip predicted by both models.     

裂解连杆长油孔加工关键技术的研究

针对1.5T汽油发动机的主要零部件连杆组件尝试用3种加工方法解决长油孔加工的技术难题。通过对3种加工方法加工效果的对比,最后选取了加工产品质量稳定、效率高、成本最少的数控深孔钻加工连杆的长油孔,就加工过程中所遇到的散热、排屑、导向装置、刚性差和枪钻的使用寿命等关键技术问题进行深入的分析和研究,并提出了有效的解决方法。     

The study on the chip formation and wear behavior for drilling forged steel S48CS1V with TiAlN-coated gun drill

The solid carbide gun drill was coated with TiAlN, and a comprehensive evaluation on the wear behavior and chip formation had been performed on it for machining forged steel S48CS1V at a cutting speed of 12.66 mm/s (4400 rpm) with a continuous Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL). Cutting torque had been measured versus with the quantity of the machined crankshaft. The cutting torque curves revealed the three wear stages that were the initial stage, the semi-steady stage and the disastrous stage. Gun drill with TiAlN coating suffered from adhesive wear on the wear pad and chemical diffusion wear on flank face. Additionally, sliding wear and chipping were the wear forms. The high temperature and stress played the important roles in the adhesive and chemical diffusion wears. The high alternative stress produced the plastic deformation and cold welding for the atomic absorption and thus it made the grains of carbide substrate tearing-off from deforming cobalt bond, therefore adhesive wear took place.     

Feasibility study of the ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling of Inconel superalloy

The ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling of Inconel 718 superalloy is studied in this paper. The tool holder of a machining center is retrofitted so that axial resonant vibration can be provided. Experimental results show that the chip size is reduced, and the variation of torque in drilling becomes smaller. These phenomena are particularly apparent at the final stage of a drill's usable life. It is also found that there is little improvement in drilling performance when the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration is varied. On the contrary, a drill's life is greatly increased when the vibration with a smaller amplitude is applied. But too large a vibration amplitude, such as over 12 μm in this study, could lead to negative effects. For the testing conditions, the frequency of 31.8 kHz and the amplitude of 4 μm result in the best drill life and quality of the drilled hole in this study. Under this condition a drill's life is prolonged by as much as 2.7 times of that without vibration assisted drilling process. Concerning drilling efficiency, it is found that by applying ultrasonic vibration assisted drilling, lifting of the drill for chip removal as commonly employed in conventional drilling of a high aspect ratio hole is not necessary, and saving of the working time is obtained.     

Drilling of Multi-Layer Composite Materials consisting of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics (CFRP), Titanium and Aluminum Alloys

In this paper results are presented concerning the realization of economical drilling processes of multi-layer materials. Different carbide drill designs with improved geometries and coatings were investigated and compared by characterizing the cutting forces, tool wear, hole quality, and chip formation. Investigations have shown that dry machining of titanium workpiece layers leads to increased tool wear, chip formation problems, and surface damage in the aluminum and CFRP-layers. Consequently, the drilling experiments were carried out with minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) using different cutting fluids and supply strategies. The investigations were mainly focused on the development of the optimum drilling condition with respect to tool shape, tool material, and machining parameters. Another objective of the investigations was to analyze surface defects of the hole and the resulting diameter tolerances due to the high mechanical and thermal loads when machining titanium.     

基于切屑形态的42CrMo深孔钻削工艺参数优化

以难加工材料42CrMo高强度钢为研究对象,针对42CrMo高强度钢内排屑深孔钻削时存在断屑困难等问题,开展42CrMo高强度钢BTA深孔钻削试验研究。为了获得理想的切屑形态,分析BTA深孔钻削机床主轴转速与进给量对切屑形态的影响规律。试验结果表明：当转速为195 r/min、进给量为0.18 mm/r时,切屑呈现理想的C形屑、短卷屑,刀具磨损相对最小,有利于切屑顺畅排出,加工过程稳定。     

Evaluation of drilling parameters on thrust force in drilling carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) composite laminates using compound core-special drills

Drilling is the mostly used secondary machining of the fiber reinforced composite laminates, while the delamination occurs frequently at the drill exit in the workpiece. In the industrial experiences, core drill shows better drilling quality than twist drill. However, chip removal is a troublesome problem when using the core drill. Conventional compound core-special drills (core-special drills and step-core-special drills) are designed to avoid the chip removal clog in drilling. But the cutting velocity ratio (relative motion) between outer drill and inner drill is null for conventional compound core-special drills. The current study develops a new device and to solve the problems of relative motion and chip removal between the outer and inner drills in drilling CFRP composite laminates. In addition, this study investigates the influence of drilling parameters (cutting velocity ratio, feed rate, stretch, inner drill type and inner drill diameter) on thrust force of compound core-special drills. An innovative device can be consulted in application of compound core-special drill in different industries in the future.     

Performance of cryogenically treated WC drill using tool wear measurements on the cutting edge and hole surface topography when drilling CFRP

Drilling CFRP poses major challenges from the perspective of rapid tool wear and poor hole quality, with the development of higher strength fibers further accentuating these problems. Cryogenic treatment is one way of increasing tool hardness thereby improving tool life and hole quality through longer retention of cutting edge sharpness. In this study, tool wear is monitored by measuring flank wear, cutting edge flatting (CEF), peak flatting (PF) and cutting edge surface roughness (CESR). While flank wear is unable to distinguish the better performance of the cryo-treated drill from the untreated drill, the other wear parameters are able to account for the better hole quality (exit delamination) produced by this drill. CEF and PF are direct measures of the extent of cutting edge blunting unlike flank wear which measures wear along the flank due to rubbing. Fiber pullout is the primary reason for deterioration in surface finish and Rz and Rv are better measures than Ra in estimating surface quality.