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锑掺杂浓度对二氧化锡纳米微粉的影响 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
以无机盐为原料,采用共沉淀法制得了掺锑SnO2纳米级微粉.运用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和差热分析(DTA)等观测手段对微粉末进行了表征,比较系统地研究了掺锑浓度对物相、粉末颗粒度及电阻的影响规律.实验结果表明,低掺杂浓度样品(x≤0.462),Sb原子固溶于四方晶系SnO2中,高掺杂浓度样品(x≥0.519),Sb原子将从固溶体中脱溶并被氧化为Sb2O4相;掺杂Sb可以减小SnO2的晶粒度,在热处理时阻碍 SnO2晶粒长大,掺杂浓度>0.181时,进一步掺杂对粉末粒度没有明显的影响;SnO2粉末电导率随掺锑浓度的增大而提高,掺杂浓度为0.095时粉末电导率达到极大值,当掺杂浓度>0.245时,粉末电阻快速增大.兼顾掺杂浓度对粉末粒度和电阻的影响,合适的掺杂浓度x为0.181~0.230. 相似文献
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高温烧制导电掺锑二氧化锡纳米晶体 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
掺锑SnO2超细粉,特别是纳米晶体,用于透明导电膜和导电涂料具有广泛的应用前景.以SnCl4 *5H2O和SbCl3为原料,提出在有机相中控制pH值沉淀反应合成掺杂氢氧化锡后,结合阴离子交换树脂进行非水相离子交换除氯的方法,制得掺锑均匀的SnO2纳米晶体.运用X射线衍射、透射电镜等手段对其进行了表征,研究了热处理温度和掺锑浓度对粉末颗粒尺寸和电导的影响规律.结果表明,制得掺锑纳米晶体颗粒均匀,分散性好,非水相阴离子交换除氯离子的方法彻底除去了氯离子,提高了沉淀的稳定性,在缩短制备时间和减少溶剂用量的同时,使产物的回收率达到95%以上. 相似文献
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锑掺杂二氧化锡纳米新型导电材料的制备 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
介绍了锑掺杂二氧化锡 (ATO)纳米新型导电材料的性能及近年来国内外的研究应用进展 ,论述了其导电机理 ,并叙述了纳米ATO导电粉体和浆料的制备方法。 相似文献
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TiN-Al2O3纳米复合材料的力学性能和导电性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以纳米TiN和α-Al2O3粉体为原料,采用球磨混合法制备了纳米TiN-Al2O3复合粉体,通过热压烧结得到致密烧结体.研究了纳米TiN颗粒对Al2O3材料力学性能和导电性能的影响,实验结果表明:在Al2O3基体中加入15vol%TiN纳米颗粒时,Al2O3材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别从370MPa和3.4MPa·m1/2提高到690MPa和5.1MPa·m1/2,随着TiN添加量的增加,复合材料的电阻率逐渐降低,在25vol%TiN时达到最低值(6.5×10-3Ω·cm). 相似文献
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采用改进的热氧化工艺制备了掺锑二氧化锡纳米涂层电极,对电极的成分、结构和形貌进行了表征,并进行了电化学性能测试.以自制电极为阳极,钛板为阴极,进行了对硝基苯酚溶液的电催化氧化降解实验;以紫外可见分光光度计和高效液相色谱等为检测手段,对对硝基苯酚的降解途径进行了初步分析. 相似文献
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导电PMMA/ATO纳米复合材料的制备及性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以掺锑二氧化锡(ATO)粉为导电填料,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)为基体,采用原位聚合法制备了导电PMMA/ATO纳米复合材料;分析了ATO粉的预处理对复合材料导电性能的影响,并对其热性能和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,延长球磨时间,可大幅度降低复合材料的体积电阻率;ATO纳米粒子的加入使PMMA主分解温度范围变窄,残余量增大,热稳定性提高;随着纳米粒子含量的增加,复合材料的储能模量提高,玻璃化温度降低。第二分相促使ATO颗粒在基体中形成明显的导电网络结构,使导电性能得到进一步提高。 相似文献
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研究了具有不同粒子形态的无机填料(球形的纳米二氧化硅、片状的滑石粉和纤维状的玻璃纤维),以及不同粒径的碳酸钙(纳米碳酸钙、超细碳酸钙)对聚氯乙烯(PVC)/氯化聚乙烯(CPE)/导电炭黑(CB)复合材料导电性能的影响。电性能测试和扫描电镜形态结构分析结果表明,添加纤维状填料比球形和片状填料更有利于复合材料导电性能的保持;粒径较小的纳米碳酸钙对复合材料的导电性能影响较小。当炭黑含量为12phr时,添加15phr纳米碳酸钙后复合材料的电阻率仅为6.04×106Ω.cm。 相似文献
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在室温下用液相还原法制备了单质钴粉末。采用XRD和SEM分析了粉末的相结构和微观形貌,并研究了表面活性剂的种类及浓度、钴源浓度和还原剂浓度对粉末最终形貌的影响。结果表明,引入PVA作为表面活性剂时,有利于形成球状结构,且PVA浓度越大,颗粒尺寸越小,颗粒分布越均匀。当PVA浓度为0.5%,水合肼浓度为80%,Co~(2+)浓度为2.5M时,所得样品呈花球状结构。恒流充放电测试结果表明,由该钴粉制备的电池负极材料样品具有较高的放电容量,最高可达533mAh/g,且高倍率放电能力良好,1500mA/g的电流密度下放电容量能达到331.4mAh/g。 相似文献
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TiO2纳米粉的晶体结构及其粒度分布 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用热壁低压MOCVD方法制备出了TiO2纳米粉末。采用Raman散射、X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜等技术研究了载气流量稳定性、沉积温度和载气流量和载气影响规律。研究结果表明,当沉积温度为600℃-1000℃时,TiO2粉末均为锐钛矿结构,载气流量不稳定容易使TiO2粉末均为锐钛结构,载气流量不稳定容量使TiO2纳米粉末的平均颗粒尺寸减小,可以使粒度布更加均匀。 相似文献
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Xiaohua Zhang Weibang Lu Gengheng Zhou Qingwen Li 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(5):1902028
The development of fiber-based smart electronics has provoked increasing demand for high-performance and multifunctional fiber materials. Carbon nanotube (CNT) fibers, the 1D macroassembly of CNTs, have extensively been utilized to construct wearable electronics due to their unique integration of high porosity/surface area, desirable mechanical/physical properties, and extraordinary structural flexibility, as well as their novel corrosion/oxidation resistivity. To take full advantage of CNT fibers, it is essential to understand their mechanical and conductive properties. Herein, the recent progress regarding the intrinsic structure–property relationship of CNT fibers, as well as the strategies of enhancing their mechanical and conductive properties are briefly summarized, providing helpful guidance for scouting ideally structured CNT fibers for specific flexible electronic applications. 相似文献
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Pyrolysis of BC dry chemical fire extinguishing powders which are useful for Class “B” and Class “C” fires was conducted on a thermogravimetric analyzer with sample loading of 10–25 mg under dynamic air atmosphere. The effect of particle sizes (medium value 48.99, 27.24, 4.93 µm) and heating rates (10, 15, and 20°C min?1) were examined. The pyrolysis kinetics of the samples was analyzed using a distribution activation energy model. It was found that the decomposition temperature decreased and the pyrolysis rate increased after the samples were milled. The agglomeration of particles during production did not have an appreciable influence on the pyrolysis process of the samples in our experimental conditions. The activation energy value was 77.13?219.78 kJ · mol?1, 58.18?288.67 kJ · mol?1, and 44.59?209.17 kJ · mol?1 for the powder of particle size 48.99, 27.24, 4.93 µm. We should use micro powder in fire extinguishing. 相似文献
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导电硅橡胶电极片上的介质上电润湿特性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用特定的"导电硅橡胶基片/绝缘膜层"微透镜阵列内芯材料,研究其表面的介质上电润湿(EWOD)特性.实验获得了不同绝缘层厚度和相对介电常数下导电液滴接触角随电压变化的图形,得到了不同材料组合的EWOD特性.实验结果表明,导电液滴接触角的余弦值随电压的增大而增大;在硅橡胶绝缘层厚度不同的情况下,绝缘层厚度与接触角余弦值变化率成反比;在绝缘层相同厚度情况下,硅橡胶绝缘层性能要优于派瑞林绝缘层.相关结论为新型微流控光学变焦透镜阵列器件的设计和研制提供了重要依据. 相似文献
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《Drug development and industrial pharmacy》2013,39(10):1067-1076
The poor dissolution characteristics of relatively insoluble drugs have long been a problem to the pharmaceutical industry. An example is piroxicam, a highly potent anti-inflammatory agent. In many countries, a large number of generic piroxicam products are available to the prescriber. The aim of this study was to investigate the cause of the dissolution problems experienced by manufacturers of generic piroxicam capsules. Two raw material batches and the dissolution properties of several piroxicam capsules were studied. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) results showed that the two raw material samples were identical with respect to polymorphic modification. The particles of powder 1 were smaller than those of powder 2, but the dissolution of powder 1 was much slower than that of powder 2. The dissolution results for the capsules showed a marked difference among different brands, with capsule C not meeting the USP tolerance. Adding surfactant to the dissolution medium increased the dissolution of both powder 1 and capsule C. Failure of powder 1 or capsule C to meet USP dissolution criteria could result in differences in product efficacy, as well as in potential side effects. Such observations should be taken into account along with other relevant considerations when decisions regarding the generic substitution of oral piroxicam products are made. 相似文献