钾钠铌酸锶钡系列晶体自泵浦位相共轭镜的研究

报道了钾钠铌酸锶（ＫＮＳＢＮ）晶体系列自泵浦位相共轭反射镜的最新研究结果。ＫＮＳＢＮ：Ｃｕ、ＫＮＳＢＮ：Ｃｏ和ＫＮＳＢＮ：Ｃｅ自泵浦位相共轭反射镜的反射率分别可达７３％、７３％和８４．３％，ＫＮＳＢＮ：Ｃｕ自泵浦位相共轭反射镜的响应时间在低功率下达２００ｍｓ。     

PBII氮离子注入对氮化硼薄膜结构的影响

研究了氮离子注入对立方氮化硼（ｃ－ ＢＮ） 膜,富硼的硼氮膜（ＢＮ０ ．５ ） 和硼膜（Ｂ） 的成分及结构的影响． 用活性反应离子镀技术在单晶硅基体上沉积ｃＢＮ、ＢＮ０ ．５ 和Ｂ 膜;然后使用等离子基离子注入（ＰＢＩＩ） 技术,在５０ ｋＶ 的基体脉冲负偏压下注入氮． 用ＦＴＩＲ 透射谱分析膜在氮离子注入前后结构的变化,用ＸＰＳ分析膜的成分分布． 结果表明：在ｃ－ ＢＮ 膜中注入氮离子几乎不改变膜的ＮＢ,但膜中ｃ－ ＢＮ 的含量略有增加;对于ＢＮ０ ．５ 膜,注入氮后,ＮＢ 略有提高,膜的ａ－ ＢＮ 的结晶化提高;而在硼膜中注入氮后,氮在膜中呈类似高斯分布,最高氮浓度ｒ（Ｎ）达２３ ％ ,膜中形成了非晶态的氮化硼（ａ－ ＢＮ） 结构． 此外,在以上各种膜上注入氮后,膜基界面都有不同程度的成分混合．     

双掺杂LiNbO3晶体的生长及其实时图象微分的研究

采用Ｃｚｏｃｈｒａｌｓｋｉ Ｚｎ：Ｆｅ：ＬｎＮｂＯ３晶体和Ｃｅ：Ｎｄ：ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体。测试了晶体的抗光致散射能力、衍射效率和响应时间。以双掺杂ＬｉＮｂＯ３晶体作为全息记录材料,Ｃｅ：Ｃｕ：ＫＮＳＢＮ晶体构成自泵浦位相共轭镜,进行了实时图象边缘增强的研究,并探讨了不同的记录晶体对实验结果的影响。     

Ce:KNSBN晶体两波耦合特性研究

研究了Ｃｅ：ＫＮＳＢＮ晶体两波耦合增效益系Г与２θ的关系,并对Ｃｅ：ＫＮＳＢＮ单晶样品进行了两波耦合测量,用光折变理论拟合实验结果,求出了该晶体有效光折变电荷密度有效电光泵数和电子－空穴对抗率数据,实验与理论符合完好。     

YCOB晶体生长与激光倍频性能研究

坩埚下降法沿＜０１０＞和＜００１＞方向生长了直径达到２５ｍｍ的完整透明的Ｃａ４ＹＯ（ＢＯ３）３ （ＹＣＯＢ）晶体．化学腐蚀结果表明，所生长晶体无孪晶或亚晶界等缺陷，晶体尾部的位错密度 不超过１８００／ｃｍ２测量了ＹＣＯＢ的透射光谱，其截止波长为２００ｎｍ进行了ＹＣＯＢ晶体对 Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光的二次倍频实验．通过与ＫＤＰ晶体对比，计算出ＹＣＯＢ晶体的有效非线性系数 在Ⅰ型相位匹配方向（θ，φ）＝（６６．３°，１４３．５°）和（６５．９°，３６．５°）上分别为１．４５ｐｍ／Ｖ和０．９１ｐｍ／Ｖ； 大于ＫＤＰ和 ＬＢＯ晶体．在脉冲宽度１０ｎｓ的 Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光单脉冲辐射下ＹＣＯＢ晶体出现体 损伤的激光损伤阈值不低于８５ＧＷ／ｃｍ２．     

单晶硅和纳米晶硅空带的NEXAFS理论研究

利用多重散射团簇方法计算了单晶硅的Ｋ边ＮＥＸＡＦＳ谱，研究显示ＮＥＸＡＦＳ谱包含了导带态密度的信息。同时在模拟ｃ－Ｓｉ的团簇引入一定数量的空位，构造了纳米晶硅的模型，ＭＳＣ计算证实吸收边位置上升约０．５ｅＶ，说明纳米晶硅的禁带比ｃ－Ｓｉ的展宽了。     

在多工位炉上CeO2:Bi12SiO20单晶生长的研究(Ⅰ)──地面生长实验部分

Ｂｉ_１２ＳｉＯ_２０是一种优质的光折变晶体．但在地面生长掺Ｃｅ：ＢＳＯ晶体时遇到的主要问题是分凝系数远远＜１，导致晶体组分不均匀．本文采用在空间生长掺Ｃｅ：ＢＳＯ晶体的多工位炉进行地面晶体生长，测试了ＣｅＯ_２浓度分布和掺Ｃｅ：ＢＳＯ晶体的透过率，以便同空间生长掺Ｃｅ：ＢＳＯ晶体进行比较．     

RF Plasma MBE生长GaN材料及特性研究

用ＲＦＰｌａｓｍａ ＭＢＥ方法生长出了ＧａＮ 材料,它的Ｘ 射线衍射半峰宽为３３５ 秒,７７Ｋ 下ＰＬ发光峰半峰宽为２２ｍｅＶ,表明了材料具有较高的晶体质量。根据Ｘ射线衍射分析,位错密度约为７ ．３ ×１０８ｃｍ －２ 。用Ｓｉ 作为掺杂剂,所得载流子浓度可覆盖１０１７ － １０１９ｃｍ －３ 的范围。掺Ｓｉ ＧａＮ 的ＰＬ谱表明,Ｓｉ 的引入可提高材料的发光效率。     

陶瓷材料高温断裂韧性评价

采用四点弯曲实验方法，研究了高温下不同测试方法（ＣＮ法、ＳＥＮＢ法和ＳＥＰＢ法）对工业用重结晶ＳｉＣ陶瓷材料断裂韧性的影响。通过实验发现：在低温下（Ｔ〈８００℃）不同测试方法所获得的ＫＩＣ不同，ＣＮ法测得ＫＩＣ偏大，而ＳＥＰＢ法测得的ＫＩＣ则偏小，同时，三种测试方法获得的ＫＩＣ随温度的升高变化率都不明显。在高温下（Ｔ〉８００℃），不同的测试方法其ＫＩＣ随温度的和蔼同变化趋势不同，ＣＮ法ＫＩＣ随温度的升高而增大，ＳＥＮＢ法ＫＩＣ随温度的升高而减小，ＳＥＰＢ法ＫＩＣ随温度的升高则基本无变化。     

镀Ti立方氮化硼（cBN）与玻化SiO_2－Na_2O－B_2O_3结合剂的作用

为了防止玻化ＳｉＯ２－Ｎａ２Ｏ－Ｂ２Ｏ３结合剂烧结时对立方氨化硼（ｃＢＮ）的侵蚀，并实现ｃＢＮ晶体与结合剂间的化学键结合，本文用ＤＴＡ、ＸＲＤ、ＳＥＭ、ＥＰＭＡ等研究了Ｔｉ镀层与ＣＢＮ界面在６００～１２００℃温度范围的界面反应过程及界面成分结构特征，讨论了镀ＴｉｃＢＮ与结合剂复合体在烧结过程中的成分结构及性能．结果表明：Ｔｉ镀层与ｃＢＮ晶体在６００℃以上，以反应扩散的形式发生界面反应形成ＴｉＮ，８００℃以上形成ＴｉＢ２及ＴｉＢ，这些在ｃＢＮ表面外延生长的难熔化合物使Ｔｉ镀层与ｃＢＮ牢固结合并阻止了结合剂中的碱性组分对ｃＢＮ的侵蚀，镀ＴｉｃＢＮ晶体与结合剂则由低价的氧化钛为中介实现良好结合．     

Light-induced diffraction in thermally reduced congruent and near-stoichiometric Er:LiNbO3 crystals

A polarization-isotropic two-colour light-induced diffraction (LID) phenomenon from thermally reduced congruent and near-stoichiometric Er:LiNbO₃ crystals was observed when these crystals were exposed to superposed 632.8?nm probe and 488?nm pump beams. The LID is characterized by expansion of the probe beam spot and the appearance of alternate bright and dark diffraction rings at higher pump light intensities. This phenomenon is absent not only in all other Er-doped crystals which either were as grown or had experienced other post-growth treatments such as vapour transport equilibration (VTE), oxidation and strong annealing but also in a pure VTE-treated crystal even though the crystal was subjected to the same reduction procedure. The LID characteristics of five reduced crystals, which have different Li-to-Nb ratios and different doping levels of Er³⁺, were studied in detail by changing the light intensity, polarization state and wave vector direction of both the pump and the probe beams. The origin of the LID was investigated from the viewpoints of the red fluorescence of Er³⁺ excited by a 488?nm pump beam, light-induced scattering and light-induced thermal nonlinearity. The results have shown that the thermal nonlinearity mechanism is preferred as it can reasonably explain almost all the observed experimental phenomena.     

Vectorial four-wave mixing due to optical Kerr effect in polycrystalline CdTe

We study experimentally the polarization properties of the wave generated by means of degenerate four-wave mixing in polycrystalline CdTe using forward-box phase matching configuration and picosecond laser pulses with a wavelength of 1064 nm. The dependencies of the wave polarization generated due to the optical Kerr effect on the polarization combinations of the input beams are presented. We show that diffracted light polarization depends on the polarization of both recording beams, and the effect of each recording beam on the diffracted beam polarization is different depending on the mutual position of the recording beams and the probe beam. It was found that virtually any polarization of the generated beam could be obtained by proper choice of the recording and probe beam polarization. These results could make the polycrystalline media with third-order non-linearity a cheap and effective alternative to single crystals in non-linear devices for ultrafast all-optical control of polarization.     

Holographic recording with orthogonally polarized beams in a cesium-doped (K0.5Na0.5)0.2(Sr0.75Ba0.25)0.9Nb2O6 crystal

Holographic recording with orthogonally polarized beams in a cesium-doped KNSBN [(K(0.5)Na(0.5))(0.2)(Sr(0.75)Ba(0.25))(0.9)Nb(2)O(6)] crystal has been studied. It was found that this kind of photorefractive crystal possesses high linear dichroism, which makes it suitable for use in polarization holography. The diffraction efficiency as a function of the polarization orientation of the reference beam and as a function of the fringe modulation at the optimum polarization orientation of the reference beam is experimentally investigated. Theoretical fitting based on Kahmann models was performed and agrees well with the experimental data. In the experiments, both polarization holography and conventional holography are used to record a binary object. The reconstruction shows that polarization holography with Ce:KNSBN is highly effective, exhibiting high diffraction efficiency and reduced fanning noise.     

Probe polarization on absorption in a V-type medium with vacuum-induced interference

The absorption of a weak probe beam for a V-type atom with a closely spaced doublet is studied under conditions such that vacuum-induced interference among decay channels is important. It is shown how the probe polarization as well as the vacuum-induced interference influence the absorption amplitude and spectral structure. Comparing with similar models studied earlier, where probe polarization direction has not been taken into account, the present study shows that probe polarization has significant effects on the absorption spectra.     

Enhancement of Two-Wave Coupling in a Ce:KNSBN Crystal with Optimum Polarization of the Writing Beams

We have improved the two-wave coupling amplification and the signal-to-noise ratio of an amplified signal with photorefractive cerium-doped potassium sodium strontium barium niobate (Ce:KNSBN) by employing optimum polarization orientation of the pump beam while the signal beam retains extraordinary polarization. The optimum polarization angle of the pump beam was found experimentally to be 30 degrees with respect to the extraordinary polarization direction in a symmetrically incident system. Nearly 1.9-times enhancement of the gain and nearly 3-times enhancement of the signal-to-noise ratio were achieved at a signal-to-pump beam intensity ratio of 1:40. At a beam intensity ratio of 1:2000, a two-wave coupling gain of nearly 500 was obtained, which is much higher than the gain previously reported. Modified coupled-wave equations that involve beam fanning with certain assumptions concerning the fanning parameters were used. The numerical solution is in good agreement with the experimental data. The results are compared with those obtained with a 45 degrees -cut BaTiO(3) crystal.     

Temporal evolution of beam fanning in LiNbO(3):Fe, In crystals

We investigated the temporal evolution of light-induced scattering in LiNbO(3):Fe, In crystals with different doping concentrations. A special behavior of the beam fanning was found when the intensity of the incident light was relatively weak. In this case the beam fanning became stronger at the beginning of the illumination and then was greatly reduced, which was observed only at strong incident light intensities. This phenomenon was analyzed on the basis of the saturation space-charge field. The intensity threshold effect and the concentration threshold effect were successfully explained.     

Light-induced absorption changes in iron-doped LiNbO3

LiNbO₃: Fe and LiNbO₃: Fe,Me (Me = K, Mg, Zn) crystals are illuminated with frequency-doubled pulses of a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser. We detect light-induced absorption changes at high pulse intensities (I > 10⁹Wm^-2) utilizing cw probe lasers of different wavelengths (λ^p = 488, 633, and 785 nm). Intensity dependences as well as relazation processes after illumination are investigated. Absorption changes increase with increasing light intensity. Strongest effects are observed in reduced crystals. Doping with magnesium or zinc and an increasing lithium content, respectively, diminishes light-induced absorption changes. Our results can be described by a two-center charge transport model.     

Optical Kerr coefficient measurement in coiled high-birefringent fibers

The optical Kerr effect in coiled high-birefringent fibers was measured based on a double-beam polarimetric method. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser, operating at 1.064 mum (FWHM of 80 ns at 1 kHz), was used as the pump beam and a cw 0.633-mum He-Ne laser was used as the probe beam with its polarization fixed at 45 degrees with respect to the birefringent axis whereas orientation of the linearly polarized pump light varied. The phase shifts induced by an intense pump beam in a short bow-tie high-birefringent fiber were determined for different fiber lengths coiled into 15- and 30-cm-diameter drums. It was found that the induced phase shift changes drastically with the state of polarization of the pump light. A strong dependence of the phase shift on orientations of linear pump polarization is attributed to differential losses of eigenmodes peculiar to birefringent axes. Therefore, optical Kerr coefficients remain unchanged regardless of the dependence of the nonlinear response of the coiled high-birefringent fibers on pump polarization.     

All-optical logic gates based on photoinduced anisotropy of bacteriorhodopsin film

All-optical logic gates based on photoinduced anisotropy of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) film are proposed. The photoinduced anisotropy in BR film, which arises from the selective absorption of BR molecules to polarized light, can be controlled by changing the amplitudes and polarizations of exiting beams. As a consequence, the polarization of the probe light passing through the BR film can be controlled by the polarization of the exiting beam. Based on this property, a novel scheme of all-optical logic gates, such as AND, OR, XOR and NOT, has been implemented via the pump-probe technique. A theoretical model for the all-optical logic gates is proposed, and the theoretical predictions are demonstrated with the experimental results.