堇青石粉体的制备及特性

1引言堇青石陶瓷具有优异的性能:热膨胀系数和介电常数低,化学稳定性和热稳定性较好。因此,近十年来堇青石得到了广泛的研究,并应用于许     

堇青石蜂窝陶瓷热膨胀特性的研究

汽车尾气净化器用蜂窝陶瓷载体对材料的抗热冲击性能要求很高,要求材料具有特别低的热膨胀系数。本文通过对堇青石陶瓷的平均热膨胀系数及微观热膨胀系数的分析,研究了堇青石蜂窝陶瓷的热膨胀特性。     

利用硼泥制备低膨胀系数镁橄榄石瓷

以硼泥为主要原料,经干压成型后于1100~1260℃烧结保温3 h,得到镁橄榄石瓷。为改善镁橄榄石陶瓷的热膨胀性,实验探究了外加5~20%的β-锂霞石,对镁橄榄石瓷热膨胀系数的影响。通过对样品的X射线衍射分析和热膨胀测试,结果表明,添加一定比例的β-锂霞石能有效降低镁橄榄石瓷的热膨胀系数,当β-锂霞石含量达到20%时,在室温至800℃时测得镁橄榄石瓷的热膨胀系数随温度的升高而升高,最大热膨胀系数为8.071×10-6℃-1,相对于单纯的镁橄榄石瓷降低了26.2%。     

烧结法堇青石微晶玻璃的研制

实验利用廉价的工业原料氧化铝、滑石、粘土等,加入少量添加剂和晶核剂TiO2,采用粉末烧结法制备出了具有低的介电常数、低的热膨胀系数和高的抗折强度等优良性能的MgO-A l2O3-SiO2系堇青石微晶玻璃。样品最佳热处理制度为:核化780℃,保温2h,晶化990℃,保温2h,升温速率3℃/m in。样品析出主晶相为α-堇青石,伴有少量镁橄榄石(Mg2SiO4)、镁铝钛酸盐(MAT)和金红石(TiO2)次晶相。     

SiO_2—Al_2O_3—MgO—K_2O—MgF_2系玻璃陶瓷析晶机理及断裂机制

以SiO2—Al2O3—MgO—K2O—MgF2体系玻璃为基础,采用整体析晶法,在高温条件下制备出堇青石/氟金云母玻璃陶瓷。借助于综合热分析仪、X射线衍射仪和扫描电子显微镜等分析手段,研究了玻璃陶瓷的析晶机制、显微形貌和断裂机制。结果表明:所制备的玻璃陶瓷主晶相为板条状氟金云母和β-堇青石,经1 000℃保温3h热处理后,主晶相转变为镁橄榄石;以堇青石和氟金云母为主晶相的玻璃陶瓷断裂机理为穿晶断裂,以镁橄榄石为主晶相的玻璃陶瓷为沿晶断裂。在基础玻璃中添加5%B2O3,可抑制氟金云母相的析出,并提高玻璃陶瓷的致密度。     

堇青石蜂窝陶瓷的发展现状及应用

本文简要介绍了堇青石蜂窝陶瓷在国内外的发展现状、堇青石蜂窝陶瓷的制备工艺、影响堇青石蜂窝陶瓷热膨胀系数的因素,以及堇青石蜂窝陶瓷的应用方向。随着堇青石蜂窝陶瓷性能的提高,其应用也越来越广泛。     

煤矸石在堇青石蜂窝陶瓷催化剂载体中的应用与研究

董青石蜂窝陶瓷具有极低的热膨胀系数、较好的抗热震性、较高的化学稳定性,是优良的汽车净化器催化剂载体材料。煤矸石主要成分为SiO₂和Al₂O₃,在陶瓷行业的利用一直是本领域研究的热点。以山西煤矸石为主要研究对象,通过对采用不同化学组成、粒度分布和微观形貌的煤矸石制备的堇青石蜂窝陶瓷载体样品热膨胀系数进行测定,考察了煤矸石对堇青石蜂窝陶瓷性能的影响。结果表明：不同化学组成的煤矸石制得的蜂窝陶瓷越接近堇青石的理论组成51.4wt.%SiO₂、34.9wt.%Al₂O₃、13.7wt.%MgO,热膨胀系数就越低。随着煤矸石颗粒越细,堇青石蜂窝陶瓷的热膨胀系数越低,选用250目煤矸石原料粉末时,热膨胀系数为1.662×10^-6℃^-1。采用微观形貌为片状的煤矸石粉末比用球形的煤矸石粉末制得的堇青石蜂窝陶瓷热膨胀系数更低。     

对滑石瓷的一点浅见

对滑石瓷的一点浅见王金锋（河北轻工业学校０６３０００）摘要＊对滑石瓷的含义．作了清楚的阐述，并指出传统的释义欠妥。建议在滑石瓷这一大的范畴中．根据主晶相的不同进行分类。关键词滑石瓷，原顽辉石瓷，原顽辉石──堇青石瓷，镁橄榄石瓷，堇青石瓷滑石属天然含水...     

非水解溶胶-凝胶法合成堇青石的反应过程研究

以自制乙醇铝,正硅酸乙酯和醋酸镁为前驱体,采用非水解溶胶-凝胶法合成堇青石,利用XRD、FT-IR和DTATG研究了醋酸镁的加入时机对堇青石合成的影响,前驱体的反应历程和凝胶加热过程中的相转变历程。结果表明:醋酸镁在铝、硅缩聚反应之后引入更利于合成堇青石;非水解溶胶-凝胶法合成堇青石的前驱体反应过程为:首先自制乙醇铝与正硅酸乙酯发生脱醚非水解缩聚反应形成含Al-O-Si键合的中间产物,然后醋酸镁进一步与之发生脱酯的非水解缩聚反应形成Mg-O-Al和Mg-O-Si键合。以醋酸镁为镁源非水解溶胶-凝胶法可在900℃形成μ-堇青石,μ-堇青石于1050℃转变为α-堇青石,并在1200℃制得α-堇青石纯相;由其制得陶瓷烧结体的热膨胀系数为1.329×10~(-6)/℃,具有良好的低膨胀特性。     

蜂窝陶瓷蓄热材料的研究现状

蜂窝陶瓷蓄热材料应该具有热膨胀系数低、比热容大、比表面积大、导热性能好、抗热震性好等特性。本文详细介绍了几种多孔陶瓷材料的优缺点,指出堇青石质复相材料是目前研究最广泛的蜂窝陶瓷材料。堇青石与多种催化剂匹配性好,比表面积大、热膨胀系数小,但耐热性稍差,于是通过添加一些添加剂来提高堇青石作为蜂窝陶瓷蓄热体的性能。这些添加剂与堇青石结合形成复相材料,可以降低热膨胀系数、提高抗热震性等。     

Effect of nano aluminum nitride filler on mechanical,thermal, and dielectric properties of the glass/mullite composites for low-temperature co-fired ceramic applications

Mullite/glass/nano aluminum nitride (AlN) filler (1–10 wt% AlN) composites were successfully fabricated for the low-temperature co-fired ceramics applications that require densification temperatures lower than 950°C, high thermal conductivity to dissipate heat and thermal expansion coefficient matched to Si for reliability, and low dielectric constant for high signal transmission speed. Densification temperatures were ≤825°C for all composites due to the viscous sintering of the glass matrix. X-ray diffraction proved that AlN neither chemically reacted with other phases nor decomposed with temperature. The number of closed pores increased with the AlN content, which limited the property improvement expected. A dense mullite/glass/AlN (10 wt%) composite had a thermal expansion coefficient of 4.44 ppm/°C between 25 and 300°C, thermal conductivity of 1.76 W/m.K at 25°C, dielectric constant (loss) of 6.42 (0.0017) at 5 MHz, flexural strength of 88 MPa and elastic modulus of 82 GPa, that are comparable to the commercial low temperature co-fired ceramics products.     

BaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃/SiO2高膨胀低温共烧陶瓷研究

用BaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃与二氧化硅复合的方法制备了高膨胀系数低温共烧陶瓷。实验首先制备一组玻璃材料,通过热膨胀测试、DTA等方法研究了玻璃的热学性能,然后用玻璃与石英、方石英和鳞石英晶体按一定比例复合制得高膨胀低温共烧陶瓷。通过烧结试验、XRD等分析方法研究了复相陶瓷材料的烧结收缩性能、晶相组成、热膨胀系数和介电常数。结果表明:50%BaO-7.5%Al2O3-30%B2O3-12.5%SiO2玻璃具有较低的转变温度(520℃)。该玻璃与鳞石英晶体以1:1的比例复合,850℃/10min烧结可以获得热膨胀系数为12.18×10-6K-1、介电常数为5.37的低温共烧陶瓷。     

Synthesis of hollow forsterite by coating method and study of its dielectric properties

Wireless communication technologies are operating at higher frequencies in the current ubiquitous age, dielectrics with low dielectric constant and low dielectric loss are highly desired. A novel coating method was used for the synthesis of hollow forsterite ceramics. Here, magnesium glycolate with relatively high and high specific surface area (243.44 m²/g) and pore width (1.35 nm) is used as core material. Highly pure uniform-sized forsterite phases were obtained at a low calcination temperature of 900 °C/2 h. Scanning electron microscope, Transmission electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the morphology and phase development at different calcination temperatures. The dielectric properties were measured in the range of microwave frequencies. As prepared, forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) ceramics had shown excellent dielectric properties with ε_r = 1.85 and dielectric loss = 0.007 at 1 GHz. As wave propagation delay and attenuation depend on dielectric constant and dielectric loss. This ultra-low ε_r of 1.85 will enhance the signal speed in the microwave frequencies region which makes forsterite a promising candidate for electronics packaging applications.     

AlN 陶瓷的性能及应用

AlN陶瓷具有高硬度、与硅相接近的线膨胀系数、高电阻率、低介电常数、低介电损耗以及无毒、耐高温、耐腐蚀等特性,力学性能良好,在电子、机械、复合材料等领域有着广泛的应用。尤其是因为具有高热导率,Al N陶瓷已经成为理想的半导体基板和封装材料之一。本文回顾了Al N陶瓷的发展历程,着重评述了Al N陶瓷的制备技术、性能及应用等方面的研究进展,并对其面临的技术困难及发展方向进行了展望。     

Ultra-low cost porous mullite ceramics with excellent dielectric properties and low thermal conductivity fabricated from kaolin for radome applications

Near-net-shape mullite ceramics with high porosity were prepared from ultra-low cost natural aluminosilicate mineral kaolin as raw material and polystyrene micro-sphere (PS) as pore-forming agent. Microstructure, flexural strength, thermal conductivity and dielectric properties of the ceramics were systematically researched. Results show that the porous mullite ceramics possess fibrous skeleton structure formed by a large quantity of interlocked mullite whiskers, which results in good mechanical properties and low-to-zero sintering shrinkage. Flexural strength of the porous mullite ceramics can be up to 41.01 ± 1.12 MPa, even if the porosity is as high as 62.44%. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the porous mullite ceramics at room temperature are lower than 2.61 and 5.9 × 10⁻³, respectively. Besides, dielectric constant is very stable with the rising of temperature, and the dielectric loss can be consistently lower than 10⁻² when the temperature is not higher than 800 °C. In addition, thermal conductivity at room temperature is as low as 0.163 W/m/K when the porosity of mullite ceramics is 80.05%. The infiltration of SiO₂ aerogels (SiO₂ AGs) can further decrease the thermal conductivity to 0.075 W/m/K, while has just little effects on the dielectric properties. Excellent mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties show that the porous mullite ceramics have potential applications in radome fields. The porous mullite ceramics prepared from kaolin not only have low cost, but also can achieve near-net-shape.     

钙长石／玻璃复合材料的制备和性能研究

采用电子陶瓷工艺制备了一系列钙长石／玻璃复合材料,并对复合材料进行X射线分析、扫描电镜观察和性能测试。结果表明：复合材料的介电常数、热膨胀系数随钙长石含量的增加而增加,而介电损耗和抗折强度随钙长石含量的增加而减小。钙长石含量大于50wt％的复合材料中α-石英和方石英的析出增加了材料的热膨胀系数,但对材料的介电性能影响不大。所制备的复合材料具有低的介电常数（5．4～6．1）、低的介电损耗（0．11％～0．41％）、低的热膨胀系数（4．3×10^-6～6．1×10^-6／℃）和低的烧结温度（≤900℃）,有望用于电子封装领域。     

碱金属氧化物对低介电封接玻璃结构与性能的影响研究

玻璃由于优异的电学性能在电子封接领域的应用越来越广泛。本文以硼铝硅酸盐玻璃为基础玻璃体系,采用高温熔融法制备了低介电封接玻璃。通过拉曼光谱、热膨胀系数测定仪、密度计、弯曲梁低温测试仪、精密阻抗分析仪等对样品性能进行表征,研究了碱金属氧化物对低介电玻璃的结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明:碱金属氧化物R₂O总量保持不变,随着Li₂O取代量的增加,玻璃结构中[BO₃]含量先降低后增加,同时[AlO₄]增加、[AlO₆]降低;玻璃的热膨胀系数先降低后升高,密度变化趋势与之相反,且均在LN-3(Na₂O与Li₂O质量比为1.0:1.0)组出现极值;特征温度先升高后降低,最后Na₂O被完全取代后呈现再次升高的趋势;玻璃介电常数和介电损耗先降低后升高,且混合碱金属玻璃的介电常数和介电损耗均低于单一碱金属玻璃。     

Synthesis of High Density and Transparent Forsterite Ceramics Using Nano-Sized Precursors and Their Dielectric Properties

Forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) ceramics were prepared using Mg(OH)₂ and SiO₂ as precursors, and the effect of powder characteristics of Mg(OH)₂ on calcination and sintering was investigated. The use of highly dispersed Mg(OH)₂ powder (HD powder) resulted in a lower calcination temperature. Forsterite powder of high homogeneity and small particle size prepared from the HD powder enabled synthesis of high-density forsterite ceramics by ordinary sintering without applying external pressure. Moreover, transparent forsterite ceramics were successfully synthesized through addition of excess Mg to the precursors to compensate for Mg evaporated during the sintering process. Subsequent dielectric measurements revealed that the transparent forsterite ceramics had a very low dielectric loss (tan δ<10⁻⁴).     

高性能陶瓷微波介质材料

微波介质陶瓷可使微波通信和其他微波设备小型化,是有良好发展前景的一种介电材料。目前已经研制出许多具有高介电常数、高品质因数、低介质损耗及小谐振频率温度系数的优质微波介质陶瓷。本文综述近年来微波介质陶瓷在制备工艺、改良介电性能及应用方面的最新进展,并指出了今后的研究方向。     

Effect of silane coupling agent on the dielectric and thermal properties of DGEBA-forsterite composites

Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) -forsterite composites have been prepared through mechanical mixing process and the influence of silane coupling agent on the microstructure, dielectric and thermal properties were studied. Phase pure forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) powder was prepared through solid state ceramic route. Filling fraction of forsterite in DGEBA matrix was varied from 10 to 40 vol%. The morphology and filler distribution of filled composite were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Waveguide cavity perturbation technique was employed to measure the dielectric properties of composites. It is found that aminosilane treatment increased the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of the composites in both microwave and radio frequency ranges compared to composites prepared using untreated powders. Coefficient of thermal expansion of composites decreased with the forsterite addition and attains a relatively low value of 45 ppm/°C for composite containing 40 vol% surface treated filler.