填料在人工湿地中的作用及其强化人工湿地净化性能的研究进展

填料是构成人工湿地系统的核心成分,也是影响人工湿地系统污染物净化能力的关键因素。选择合适的填料对于人工湿地系统的建设和废水水质净化至关重要。首先阐述了填料在人工湿地系统中的作用,其次分析了适宜用于构建人工湿地的填料特点和选择原则,最后总结了当前通过填料改性、制备缓释碳源填料以及采用组合填料来强化人工湿地系统净化污染物的研究进展,并提出了今后的研究方向。可为人工湿地的构建和推广应用提供参考和借鉴。     

提高人工湿地脱氮除磷性能的强化技术及其在有色金属工业废水中的应用

人工湿地因具有良好的脱氮除磷性能而广泛应用于生活污水尾水和工业废水的深度处理。然而,随着环保政策要求的日益严格,传统的人工湿地对不同水质污水的处理能力有限,从而导致多数污水处理难以满足达标排放的要求。因此,越来越多的强化技术与手段被应用于人工湿地系统,以增强人工湿地的污染物净化性能。主要从合理设计人工湿地、联合预处理工艺构建复合人工湿地系统以及保温和溶解氧控制等方面综述当前提高人工湿地脱氮除磷性能的强化技术,并简要概述了人工湿地在处理有色金属工业废水中的应用。     

钒浸出液除磷研究

本文就西昌分公司针对国内部分钒厂家CaCl2 消耗 >1 0 0kg/吨钒 ,增加了钒的损失问题进行攻关 ,将CaCl2 平均消耗降至 77.62kg/吨钒 ,使钒的回收率和经济效益均有所提高作了论述     

钼酸铵溶液除磷试验研究

通过大量的条件试验,对钼酸铵生产溶液含磷高的问题进行了有针对性的分析和研究,据此选用一种新型除磷剂进行除磷,除磷率都达到97%以上。试验还确认了较佳的工艺条件,为企业生产出合格的钼酸铵产品提供了技术依据。     

人工湿地的除污机理及提高氮磷去除率的方法

人工湿地作为一种新型的生态型污水处理新工艺 ,在实践中得到了成功的应用 ,人工湿地对氮、磷的去除率虽然比传统的生物技术要高的多 ,但氮的去除效果不很高 ,一般的人工湿地对氮的去除率 6 0 %左右。介绍了人工湿地的除污机理 ,及进一步提高氮、磷的去除率的几种方法     

高磷锰矿除磷方法的研究

论述了高磷锰矿除磷的方法原理,工艺流程、技术条件和试验结果;获得了电解金属锰平均含磷0.000 85%较低的好结果。     

白钨精矿浮选除磷

本文论述白钨台浮工序生产的白钨精矿含磷超标，原先现场使用盐酸的办法，时间长、劳动强度大、金属损失大。通过单槽浮选脱磷的试验证明，水玻璃是该矿石中磷灰石的良好抑制剂，使白钨精矿中含磷由０．１８％降到０．０２％～０．０３４％，得到较满意的结果。     

高磷铁矿选择性除磷工艺研究

研究了从高磷铁中选择性除磷。考察了不同除磷剂的除磷效果及反应时间、液固体积质量比、搅拌速度、反应温度、除磷剂浓度对除磷的影响。试验结果表明:在反应时间45 min、高磷铁矿粒度小于0.147 mm、液固体积质量比4∶1、搅拌速度200 r/min左右、常温、除磷剂盐酸浓度为2.5 mol/L的优化条件下,除磷效果最佳。铁矿磷质量分数由1.16%下降到0.05%以下,全铁质量分数由42.676%上升到54%以上。     

复合型人工湿地系统设计参数研究

针对目前在矿区污水处理应用的人工湿地系统存在的问题,利用人工土壤快渗作为人工湿地系统的预处理措施构建复合型处理系统,依托实例分别确定了两个子系统的设计指导原则及核心控制指标,分析各项设计参数及其影响因素,对后续工程设计及项目实施奠定基础,并为改进矿区人工湿地系统提供了借鉴作用。     

酸洗铌精矿富铌除磷的研究

用盐酸或硝酸浸洗铌精矿的最佳体积浓度为２０％－３０％，９０％左右的磷和９０％以上的碱性杂质被侵蚀而进入浸液，近１００％的铌留在浸渣中，盐酸对铁矿物的浸出优于硝酸。     

表面流人工湿地处理生活污水研究——以浙江省舟山城北水库人工湿地为例

对浙江省舟山市城北水库自由表面流人工湿地运行的污水净化效果和处理系统存在的问题进行了分析和研究.结果表明,湿地在2010年5-10月运行的6个月中,对污水中COD、BOD5、TN、NH4-N和NO3-N的去除率分别为64.40%、44.83%、72.83%、60.98%和35.06%.此外,对工程运行状况的观测发现,人工湿地存在入水量不足及植物管理不善等问题.     

人工湿地在城市建设中的作用

综述了人工湿地在小区生活污水处理、城市景观美化、减轻城市洪涝灾害、生物多样性保护及环境教育等方面的重要作用.     

HCl-H3cit酸洗包头矿CaO焙烧产物脱磷的工艺研究

利用有机三元弱酸(柠檬酸)与金属阳离子的配位作用促进包头矿CaO焙烧产物中磷元素的溶解,研究采用盐酸(HCl)-柠檬酸(H3cit)低酸度混合酸酸洗包头矿CaO焙烧产物.通过正交回归试验研究了盐酸浓度、柠檬酸浓度、温度、液固比、时间、搅拌速度对焙烧产物脱磷率的影响,得到了相应的二次回归方程.试验研究确定了最优的脱磷的条件盐酸浓度为0.5mol·L-1,柠檬酸浓度为0.05mol·L-1,温度为室温,液固比为10∶1,时间为20min,搅拌速度为250转/min,脱磷率为99.5%.     

Study on Phosphorus Removal of High-Phosphorus Oolitic Hematite by Coal-Based Direct Reduction and Magnetic Separation

In this article, mineralogical phase changes and structural changes of iron oxides and phosphorus-bearing minerals during the direct reduction roasting process were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). It has been found that the reduction of hematite follows the following general pathway: Fe₂O₃ → Fe₃O₄ → FeO → Fe. The last step of the reduction process contains two side reactions: either FeO → Fe₂SiO₄ → Fe or FeO → FeAl₂O₄ → Fe depending on the micro mineralogical makeup of the ore. In the reduction process of FeO → Fe, oolitic structure was destroyed completely and fluorapatite was diffused into gangue while metallic phase is coarsening at temperatures below 1200°C. Therefore, the separation of phosphorus-bearing gangue and metallic iron can be achieved by wet grinding and magnetic separation, and low phosphorus content metallic iron powder can be obtained. However, when the temperature reached 1250°C and beyond, some of the fluorapatite was reduced to elemental P and diffused into the metallic iron phase, making the P content higher in the metallic iron powder.     

煤矸石-粉煤灰基质人工湿地技术处理矿井水模拟研究

[目的]采用人工湿地技术对矿井水进行处理,解决矿井水污染问题.[方法]利用煤矸石、粉煤灰为基质与芦苇构建模拟人工湿地系统,并用该系统处理矿井水.[结果]该系统对CODcr、BOD<,5>、NH<'+><,4>-N、SS具有较好的去除效果,去除率最高分别为82.0%、91.0%、87.0%、91.2%.[结论]为建立一种低成本、多效益的矿井水良性生态处理系统以及为煤矿废弃物资源化利用提供一条新途径.     

Phosphorus Removal of High Phosphorus Iron Ore by Gas-Based Reduction and Melt Separation

A new method (gas-based separation plus melt separation) has been proposed to remove phosphorus of the high phosphorus iron ore which was 1.25% of phosphorus content and 50.0% of iron content.HSC chemistry package and the coexistence theory of slag structure were adopted for theoretical analysis.The gas-based reduction was carried out using a fixed bed reactor and the ore sample of 80 g with an average particle size of 2 mm were reduced using CO or H2 at temperature of 1073 K for 5 hours.50 g of the reduced...     

Removal of Phosphorus From High Phosphorus Iron Ores by Selective HCl Leaching Method

  The selective HCl leaching method was used to remove phosphorus from high phosphorus iron ores. The hydroxyapatite in high phosphorus iron ores was converted into soluble phosphate during the process of HCl leaching. The effects of reaction time, particle size, hydrochloric acid concentration, reaction temperature, liquid solid ratio and stirring strength on the dephosphorization ratio were studied. The results showed that the dephosphorization ratio can exceed 98% under the conditions of reaction time 30-45 min, particle size ＜0147 mm, hydrochloric acid concentration 25 mol/L, reaction temperature 25 ℃, liquid solid ratio 5∶1 and stirring strength 502-1276 s-1. After dephosphorization reaction, the content of phosphorus in iron ore complied completely with the requirements of steel production.     

Phosphorus Removal from Metallurgical-Grade Silicon by Vacuum Arc Refining

Phosphorus is very difficult to remove during the purifying of metallurgical-grade silicon by metallurgical method.In this paper,phosphorus evaporation removal by vacuum arc furnace with electromagnetic stirring was investigated in vacuum weak oxidation atmosphere.The effects of refining time,electromagnetic stirring treatment and initial phosphorus content on the removal behavior of phosphorus in metallurgical-grade silicon were studied in detial.The result shows that the reduction of phosphorus using vacuum arc refining method was very obvious,especially in the first 10 minutes,and the removal rate of phosphorus increased with the refining time.Electromagnetic stirring is also benefit to the removal of phosphorus evaporation,which can be attributed to the improved mobility of phosphorus element from the internal to the surface(i.e.,improved kinetics condition)of melt.It was also observed that high purity sample could be obtained in the initial materials with low phosphorus content.