创作《新安五家冈陵图》时的渐江大师

上海市博物馆收藏着一副作于明朝崇祯十二年（己卯,1639年）的山水图轴合卷,该图轴合卷是墨笔纸本,合作者是李永昌、汪度、刘上延、孙逸和江韬（渐江大师）五位新安籍画家,后有黄钺长跋。就绘画成就来说,这幅合卷不能算作上品;但是合作者有意进行集体创作,试图追求相似的艺术技巧,他们谋求形成具有地域特色的绘画风格,合作者这些方面的努力却具有十分重要的意义和价值。可以说,渐江大师参与此次创作,为他由＂天都十子＂向＂新安四家＂的转型,并最终成为新安画派的大师具有重要意义。     

现实主文绘画大师库贝尔

现实主义是19世纪西方绘画流派中重要的画派之一,库贝尔是现实主义画派的倡导者之一.不论是艺术、艺术思想及政治活动方面都对后世产生了深远的影响.他的艺术主张也是现实主义的宣言.     

墨逸神飞 鸟语花香——岭南画派花鸟画探析

本文选取岭南画派花鸟画为论题,试图从整体风格、精品赏析等角度入手,探析岭南画派花鸟画的笔墨情趣,从而证明岭南画派为革新中国画做出了杰出贡献,是中国画坛不可或缺的重要组成部分。     

"装饰艺术"运动对中国书籍装帧设计的影响

20世纪20、30年代是"装饰艺术"运动发展的高峰时期,其鲜明的艺术设计思想与风格影响到了世界上许多国家的建筑、产品和平面设计.中国的书籍装帧设计深受其影响,书籍装帧艺术家们积极地学习与借鉴"装饰艺术"运动的思想、艺术语言与风格,促进了书籍装帧设计思想、观念的转换和艺术语言的建构,促进了书籍装帧设计由传统向现代转型.这种影响是必然性的.     

试析当代工笔花鸟画色彩的发展氛围

当今的中国画坛,当代艺术家们开始表现独有的艺术观念、而此正与民众对于艺术需求的意识相互呼应。在这样的大趋势下,长久以来沿袭的中国工笔画原有的创作模式日渐弱化,工笔花鸟画艺术家们探求新的出发点,开始有意识地在艺术创作中不断强化自我,张扬个性;并且借助颜料、画具等外在条件的开发成果,将画家自身的艺术理念和追求表现得淋漓尽致;以独特的审美敏感,独辟蹊径、别开生面的徜徉艺术海洋。所谓＂不破不立＂,中国工笔花鸟画家们打破既有的定式和格局,关注生活、放开思想,大胆探寻及表现。此时,     

浅析漓江画派花鸟画家对南方花卉的表现

漓江画派是当代中国著名绘画流派之一,以黄格胜为领军人物,以表现时代风貌为宗旨,立足于画家对本土文化和民族情感的表现上,以传统中国画为主体,以广西当代中青年画家为主要力量.     

浅析皮埃尔·博纳尔作品中的纳比美学

皮埃尔·博纳尔是法国纳比派最有影响的代表人物之一。其所创的纳比派是继印象派和后印象派思想冲击之后而形成的20世纪的前卫派艺术团体。此画派是基于装饰性和美学的客观变形及表现画家灵感的主观夸张是此画派的中心理论。尤其在色彩方面的侧重有了新的突破。其放弃了僵硬的绘画轮廓,用色彩为画面的中心要素来表现,将色彩的表现力发挥到最大化。博纳尔则凭借他特有的色彩天赋和才气,对纳比美学给予了最完美的诠释,并使纳比派及其思想在西方美术史上有着举足轻重的地位。     

儒道佛思想对日本"幽玄"范畴形成之影响

中国的儒道佛三家思想对日本审美意识产生了很大影响."幽玄"作为日本审美意识中最重要的审美范畴,充分显现了日本民族的审美趣味和欣赏的审美情态.而儒道佛思想在其形成过程中产生了一定的影响,并把这种影响渗透到诸多艺术领域,且在本民族的土壤上,创造了在借鉴中国儒、道、佛思想基础上的独特审美传统和审美情趣.     

"论坛巨子"嵇康的论辩思与论辩艺术

嵇康,是正始时期颇有代表性的作家之一,其论体文是其文中最重要的一部分,数量最多,成就最高.他的论体文是在明确的论辩思想指导下进行的论辩实践,对对方谬误进行多角度批驳,而其最具原创性的论辩方式就是攻心术的运用.犀利的论辩锋芒与高超的论辩艺术相结合,形成了嵇康论体文独特的艺术魅力.     

论《伏尔加河上的纤夫》创作意义

本文通过列宾的创作《伏尔加河上的纤夫》,揭露了封建农奴制的残余和资本主义的罪恶,也更加深入的了解俄罗斯绘画艺术     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.