铅胁迫对红花檵木生理特性的影响

[目的]研究铅胁迫对红花框木生理特性的影响.[方法]以红花檀木为材料,采用水培方法,对不同Pb<'2+>浓度(0、100、500、1 000、1 500mg/L)和处理时间(8、16 d)胁迫下植物的叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率以及可溶性糖含量的变化进行了研究.[结果]在Pb<'2+>胁迫下,随Pb<'2+>处理浓度的增加红花檀木叶片中的SOD活性先增加后降低;MDA含量和相对电导率在Pb<'2+>胁迫下有不同程度的增加;可溶性糖含量在Pb<'2+>胁迫下出现上升,其可能是使红花檀木提高诱导胁迫抗性的调节物质之一.[结论]初步揭示了不同浓度Pb<'2+>对红花檀木生理生化代谢的影响,为进一步探讨Pb<'2+>胁迫下红花檀木生理特性与Pb<'2+>耐性能力的相关关系奠定了基础.     

镉胁迫对山刺玫生理生态特征的影响

[目的]研究镉(Cd)胁迫时山刺玫生理生态特征的影响,为山刺玫修复土壤Cd污染提供参考.[方法]以黑龙江省宁安市境内的镜泊湖熔岩台地内的山刺玫为试验材料,研究了不同浓度Cd胁迫对山刺玫生理生态特性的影响.[结果]与对照相比,山刺玫可溶性蛋白含量随着Cd浓度的增加而降低,而山刺玫含水量、叶绿素含量、丙二醛含量、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性,在低浓度Cd胁迫下均有所提高,说明山刺玫对Cd具有较强的抗性;但高浓度Cd胁迫下,山刺玫上述各指标均有所降低.[结论]山刺玫对Cd胁迫具有较高的抗性,可进一步探讨其能否成为修复城市Cd污染土壤的途径之一.     

芘胁迫对玉米幼苗生长及生理指标的影响

[目的]探讨芘胁迫对玉米幼苗生长及生理指标的影响.[方法]通过水培试验,研究了4个浓度(0、0.5、1.0和2.0 mg/L)的芘对2种玉米市祥1号(敏感品种)和广甜3号(耐性品种)幼苗生长及生理指标的影响.[结果]在试验浓度范围内,随芘浓度的升高,市祥1号叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量呈先升高后降低的趋势,相对生长量和绝对生长速率呈下降趋势,根系和叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量呈上升趋势;广甜3号相对生长量、绝对生长速率和叶绿素a含量呈先上升后下降趋势,叶绿素b和根系MDA含量呈上升趋势,叶片MDA含量呈下降趋势.与对照相比,市祥1号在0.5～1.0 mg/L芘处理对叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著增加,芘浓度≥2.0 mg/L时则显著降低,芘浓度≥1.0 mg/L时根系和叶片MDA含量显著增加,而相对生长量和绝对生长速率显著降低;广甜3号在芘浓度≥1.0 mg/L时叶绿素a和叶绿素b含量显著增加.芘浓度与敏感品种市祥1号的相对生长量和绝对生长速率呈显著负相关,与根系MDA含量呈显著正相关;芘浓度与耐性品种广甜3号叶绿素b含量和根系MDA含量呈显著正相关.[结论]为玉米苗期的管理措施提供了依据.     

NaCl胁迫对藜幼苗叶片渗透调节物质和保护酶的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度NaCl胁迫对纂叶片中渗透调节物质和保护酶活性的影响,以探讨黎的耐盐机理,为藜的人工栽培及推广提供理论依据.[方法]待藜幼苗长到4叶期时,用0%、0.6%、1.2%、1.8%NaCl溶液进行根部胁迫处理,分别于处理0、1、3、5、7 d后从藜幼苗上部取第3～5片功能叶片进行各项生理指标的测定.[结果]在0.6%Nacl胁迫下,渗透调节物质(可溶糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白质)含量和保护酶(SOD、POD和CAT)活性都是缓慢增加的.丙二醛含量增加不大,膜脂过氧化水平低.在1.2%、1.8%NaCl胁迫下,渗透调节物质(可溶性糖、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白质)含量随胁迫时间的延长而增加,SOD、POD、CAT活性随胁迫时间的延长先升高后降低,丙二醛含量显著提高,膜脂过氧化水平增大.[结论]藜可以通过渗透调节物质增加和保护酶活性增大来对适度的盐胁迫有一定的适应性,但高浓度、长时间的盐胁迫会对藜造成严重损伤.     

重金属镉对互花米草生长及生理特性的影响

[目的]探讨重金属镉对互花米草生长及生理特性的影响.[方法]以互花米草(Spartina alterniflora Loisel.)为材料,通过河沙培养试验,研究了不同浓度镉胁迫对互花米草生长及生理特性的影响.[结果]随着镉浓度的增大,互花米草的外部生长指标株高、叶长和叶宽和茎粗均在不同程度上与对照间存在显著差异.膜透性、丙二醛和脯氨酸均在镉浓度为0.3 mmol/L时存在低剂量效应,其后随镉浓度的增大而增大.超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性随镉浓度的增加也发挥到最大程度.[结论]为环境修复提供了理论依据.     

外源亚精胺对盐胁迫下小麦幼苗生长的影响

[目的]为了解亚精胺是否能缓解盐胁迫对小麦幼苗生长的影响.[方法]采用滤纸培养法,研究了外源亚精胺(Spd) 对NaCl 胁迫下小麦幼苗生长和部分生理指标的影响.[结果]与对照相比,盐胁迫抑制了小麦幼苗的生长,增加了小麦中SOD、POD活性和MDA含量,降低了可溶性蛋白质含量.亚精胺处理明显促进了小麦幼苗的生长,提高了幼苗中SOD和POD活性,降低了MDA含量,提高了可溶性蛋白质含量.[结论]亚精胺能缓解盐胁迫对小麦幼苗的毒害作用,提高小麦幼苗的抗盐能力,但随处理时间的延长,亚精胺的缓解作用有所下降.     

紫茎泽兰不同组织水提取液对水稻·玉米化感作用机制

[目的]研究紫茎泽兰不同组织根、茎、叶水浸提取液对2种农作物玉米、水稻化感作用及对受试农作物生理指标的影响,以探讨化感物质作用机制.[方法]采用培养皿滤纸法测定不同浓度根、茎、叶水浸提液对受试种子萌发率和幼苗生长影响,并检测受试农作物生理指标丙二醛(MDA)含量、过氧化物酶(POD)活力的变化.[结果]紫茎泽兰根、茎、叶水浸提液对受试玉米、水稻的发芽率和幼苗根长、株高均有不同程度的影响,使受试农作物幼苗体内丙二醛(MDA)含量增加、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先增加后降低趋势.[结论]紫茎泽兰不同组织水提液对受体植物的种子萌发、幼苗生长过程均具有明显的抑制作用,其茎的化感敏感效应大于根、叶,水提液抑制受试农作物光合效率,提高了幼苗体内的MDA含量,并降低了POD酶活性.     

烯效唑对小麦幼苗生长的影响

[目的]研究不同浓度烯效唑浸种对小麦幼苗生长的影响.[方法]分别用0、20、40、60 mg/L烯效唑浸种处理,研究其对小麦幼苗形态指标和生理指标的影响.[结果]与对照相比,20、40、60 mg/L烯效唑处理后,幼苗株高分别降低9.35、10.78、12.16 cm,根干重分别增加7.18%、4.39%、1.73%.根冠比分别增加30.3%、20.5%、16.4%.总叶绿素含量分别增加8.9%、27.1%、37.8%,丙二醛含量分别降低28.7%、16.1%、6.9%,呼吸强度分别降低61.1%、19.6%、16.9%;烯效唑浓度为20 和40 mg/L时,根系活力分别增加53.8%、19.4%,而60 mg/L时根系活力比对照组降低11.3%.[结论]小麦生产过程中,烯效唑使用浓度以20 mg/L为宜.     

重金属Cd胁迫对不同玉米品种生理生化指标的影响

[目的]研究重金属Cd胁迫对不同玉米品种生理生化指标的影响,为重金属生态毒理学研究提供理论依据.[方法]以辽宁地区大面积种植的玉米品种铁南2号、营丹11号和郑丹958号为供试材料,探讨了不同浓度Cd2+胁迫对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生理生化指标的影响.[结果]低浓度Cd胁迫表现为一定的刺激作用,较高浓度在某种程度上则表现了明显的抑制性.当Cd2+浓度大于5 mg/L时,对不同玉米种子萌发均有明显的抑制效应.并且随着Cd2+浓度的增加,对Cd耐受程度不同的玉米品种其幼苗生长及其外渗电导率、叶绿素含量等生理生化指标产生明显差异.[结论]铁南2号玉米品种对重金属Cd的抗性明显高于其他2种玉米品种.     

抗寒生化制剂对棉花幼苗生理生化特性的影响

[目的]探讨抗寒制剂拌种处理对棉花的作用效果及机理,为其推广应用提供依据.[方法]用盆栽的方法研究在低温胁迫下经抗寒制剂拌种处理过的棉种发芽及生长情况,并考察棉苗的叶片相对含水量、蒸腾速率、叶绿素和脯氨酸含量等生理生化指标的变化情况.[结果]在常温和低温胁迫两种条件下,抗寒剂均可以提高棉种出苗率和增强幼苗长势,并均可增加棉株幼苗叶片的相对含水量、蒸腾速率和叶绿素含量,同时可促进渗透调节物质脯氨酸的积累,降低丙二醛的毒害,并增强过氧化氢酶的活性.其中在低温胁迫条件下,抗寒剂的促进效果更为明显.[结论]抗寒制剂能很好地促进棉种及棉苗的新陈代谢,增强其在低温下的抗逆性.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.