从油脂氢化含镍废催化剂生产硫酸镍

采用酸碱法从油脂氢化含镍废催化剂中回收金属镍，可以制得工业级的七水硫酸镍。试验结果表明，废催化剂与１．５ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１硫酸比例为１：３（Ｗ／Ｖ），分三阶段反应，每阶段反应时间１ｈ，镍的回收率可达８０％以上。     

用废雷尼镍催化剂制备硫酸镍

以废雷尼镍催化剂为原料，制备出合格的硫酸镍。确定了合适的工艺条件，镍的回收率达９５％。     

废催化剂中回收油脂及制备硫酸铜和硫酸镍的研究

利用油脂加氢工业中产生的废催化剂 ,经氧化酸煮工艺回收油脂以及铜镍硫酸盐混合物 ,再经有机溶剂萃取和反萃取法制取工业级硫酸铜、硫酸镍产品。通过实验确定了工艺条件 ,并验证了此工艺路线的可行性     

含锌钢废催化剂的回收和利用

探索了含锌、铜的废催化剂的回收利用,对可能采取的工艺流程进行了详细地比较,确定了最佳工艺流程与反应条件;采用碳酸氢铵沉淀法,并用锌灰置换分离铜．研究结果表明,得到的锌盐和铜盐有较高的回收率与较理想的纯度：锌盐回收率94％左右,纯度约98％;锅盐回收率84％左右,纯度约93％．     

溶剂萃取法分离回收废催化剂碱浸渣中铝、镍的研究

通过溶剂萃取法分离回收废加氢催化剂碱浸渣的硫酸浸出液中铝和镍,分析并比较了萃取剂P204(二(2-乙基己基)磷酸酯)和P507(2-乙基己基磷酸单2-乙基己基酯)的萃取分离效果,同时考察了P204萃取体系中原料液初始pH、P204体积分数、P204皂化率、V(有机相)/V(水相)等因素对铝、镍萃取率的影响。结果表明,与P507相比,P204可更好地分离铝和镍;在萃取剂P204体积分数为35%、P204皂化率为30%、原料液初始pH为2.75、V(有机相)/V(水相)=3∶1的条件下,铝的萃取率达到96.45%,而镍的萃取率仅为2.77%;经过二级逆流萃取流程,铝的萃取率可达到99.50%以上,而镍的萃取率低于3.60%。采用盐酸溶液对负载有机相进行反萃,在盐酸浓度为6 mol/L、反萃温度为60℃、V(有机相)/V(水相)=2∶1的条件下反萃20 min,有机相中铝的反萃率为98.04%,可有效地实现废加氢催化剂中铝、镍的分离。     

渣油废催化剂回收制备拟薄水铝石

采用渣油废催化剂为原料,考察了焙烧温度,液固比及pH等因素对金属回收率的影响;通过正交实验考察了原料配比、焙烧温度、焙烧时间、液固比及水浸时间对氧化铝转化率的影响,并采用N2物理吸附⁃脱附、XRD和SEM进行表征。结果表明,在焙烧温度800 ℃和液固比为5∶1时,钼和钒的浸出率可以达到94.0%以上;控制pH为1时,钼酸回收率可以达到97.6%;通过正交实验,确定了氧化铝回收条件：原料配比1.5,焙烧温度900 ℃,焙烧时间3 h,液固比5∶1,水浸时间15 min。     

硫酸根中毒镍催化剂机理的研究

用硫酸镍制备植物油加氢催化剂,虽可以降低成本,但催化剂容易中毒。为了分析催化剂中毒的原因,XRD 实验表明,用硫酸镍制备催化剂时,催化剂中残存SO_4~(2-),高温还原时产生H_2S.H_2S 与活性镍反应生成Ni_3S_2.EXAFS 实验表明,在Ni_3S_2中。Ni 的3CN 空穴被S 原子嵌入,而Ni 的3CN 空穴是吸附H_2的活性位置,被S 原子占据后,使催化剂活性降低。因此用硫酸镍制备催化剂的关键步骤是在高温还原前除去催化剂中残存的SO_4~(2-)。     

含镍废触媒回收利用的研究

本文对废触媒的资源化利用进行了研究，将触媒中的镍以硝酸镍的形式加以回收，产品纯度达９６．５％，回收率达７０％。     

Kinetics of nickel leaching from roasting-dissolving residue of spent catalyst with sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid leaching process was applied to extract nickel from roasting-dissolving residue of a spent catalyst, the effect of different parameters on nickel extraction was investigated by leaching experiments, and the leaching kinetics of nickel was analyzed. The experimental results indicate that the effects of particle size and sulfuric acid concentration on the nickel extraction are remarkable; the effect of reaction temperature is mild; while the effect of stirring speed in the range of 400–1 200 r/min is negligible. Decreasing particle size or increasing sulfuric acid concentration and reaction temperature, the nickel extraction efficiency is improved. 93.5% of nickel in residue is extracted under suitable leaching conditions, including particle size (0.074–0.100) mm, sulfuric acid concentration 30% (mass fraction), temperature 80 °C, reaction time 180 min, mass ratio of liquid to solid 10 and stirring speed 800 r/min. The leaching kinetics analyses shows that the reaction rate of leaching process is controlled by diffusion through the product layer, and the calculated activation energy of 15.8 kJ/mol is characteristic for a diffusion controlled process. Foundation item: Project (50574101) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Project (2003UDBEA00C020) supported by the Collaborative Project of School and Province of Yunnan Province, China     

Removal of nickel from spent electroless nickel-plating bath with nickel foam cathode

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Reclaim nickel and remove organics from the spent electroless nickel-plating bath by electrolysis

Electroless plating is a growing segment of metalfinishing, especially in the electronics industry. Inelectroless plating, metals are deposited onto the sur-face of a part without the use of electricity as a sourceof electrons. Instead, the bath solution supplies the e-lectrons for the deposition reaction. These baths are ex-tremely complex using a variety of chelating and/orcomplexing agents that hold the metals in the solution.Common chelating agents include ethylenediaminetet-raacetic acid …     

Study on removal of trace lead from nickel sulphate solution by ion-exchange method

By comparing the adsorption capacity of several kinds of resins, D363 resin is regarded as the most suitable one for removing lead from nickel sulphate electrolyte. The effects of pH, temperature and contact time on exchange adsorption during removing trace lead from industrial nickel sulphate solution with D363 large-pore weak alkali anion-exchange resin are discussed. Optimum conditions of adsorption of lead from nickel electrolyte by D363 resin are at room temperature, pH 1–2, contact time 30 min. Foundation item: The Key Program of the 10th Five-year Plan of Jinchuan Non-ferrous Metals Company(No.2000.1) Biography of the first author: XIAO Lian-sheng, associate professor, born in Jan. 1956, majoring in nonferrous metallurgy, metallurgical separation science and engineering.     

从废钒催化剂中回收钒的实验研究

采用硫酸浸取—氨水富集—硝酸氧化的方法，从废钒催化剂中回收钒．研究了硫酸浓度和硝酸浓度对产品产量的影响，在硫酸的浓度为6％和硝酸浓度为31％的最佳实验条件下，产品中V205的纯度达到了78．6％，V205的回收率达到83．6％．实验采用硝酸代替KCl03等氧化剂，可以减少V203中杂质的含量，易于进行分离提纯，从而提高V205的纯度，提高反应速度，扩大生产能力．     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定氧化铝催化剂中镍含量

本文介绍一种准确测定微波电子回旋共振（ECR）等离子体法制备的负载型氧化铝基镍催化剂负载量的方法。将催化剂样品和消化液封装在聚四氟乙烯高压密封罐蜜中加热溶解,采用空气－乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定此溶液。仔细考察基体对镍测定的影响,回收率是98.2%－101。8％,相对标准偏差是3.42％。     

雷尼镍催化加氢制备3,4-二甲基苯胺

以3,4-二甲基硝基苯为原料,在雷尼镍催化剂作用下催化加氢制备3,4-二甲基苯胺,通过气相色谱分析3,4-二甲基苯胺的纯度。考察加氢压力、加氢溶剂、加氢温度、底物浓度、催化剂用量等因素对加氢反应的影响。结果表明,以乙醇为加氢溶剂,加氢压力0.8 MPa、温度60℃、3,4-二甲基硝基苯初始浓度1.25mol/L、催化剂质量为3,4-二甲基硝基苯质量的5%时,3,4-二甲基硝基苯转化率和3,4-二甲基苯胺收率和3,4-二甲基苯胺纯度均达100%。     

An improved purification method for preparation of basic nickel carbonate of high purity via chemical precipitation

The adsorption mechanism of Na^＋, Cl^- and other impurities on the surface of basic nickel carbonate was clarified by electric double layer model. Based on the mechanism, a new purification method was studied. The method can be described as washing-drying-rewashing-drying. The experimental results indicate that the process is very efficient to remove impurities adsorbed by the precipitate when using NiCl2 and Na2CO3 as the raw materials. The finished product＇s contents of sodium and chlorine are both less than 0.01 wt%.     

New technique of comprehensive utilization of spent Al2O3 -based catalyst

A new technology was developed to recover multiple valuable elements from the spent Al2O3-based catalyst by X-ray phase analysis and exploratory experiments. The experimental results show that in the condition of roasting temperature of 750 ℃ and roasting time of 30 min, molar ratio of Na2O to Al2O3 of 1.2, the leaching rates of alumina, vanadium and molybdenum in the spent catalyst are 97.2%, 95.8% and 98.9%, respectively. Vanadium and molybdenum in sodium aluminate solution can be recovered by precipitators A and B, and the precipitation rates of vanadium and molybdenum are 94. 8% and 92. 6%. Al（OH）3 was prepared from sodium aluminate solution in the carbonation decomposition process, and the purity of Al2O3 is 99. 9% after calcination, the recovery of alumina reaches 90. 6% in the whole process; the Ni-Co concentrate was leached by sulfuric acid, a nickel recovery of 98. 2% and cobalt recovery over 98.5% can be obtained under the experimental condition of 30% H2SO4, 80 ℃, reaction time 4 h, mass ratio of liquid to solid 8, stirring rate 800 r/min.