OFDM系统基于导频的信道估计方法研究

OFDM(正交频分复用)是新一代无线通信的关键技术之一.基于导频插入方法讨论了OFDM系统中信道估计方法,并且对几种常用的方法进行了仿真分析,在此基础上,对以后的研究工作进行了展望.     

基于导频的OFDM系统信道估计算法的研究

本文针对正交频分复用（OFDM）系统中导频信道估计算法,研究了几种常用的导频信道估计算法和插值算法,通过理论分析和实验仿真,分别对比分析了几种导频信道估计算法和插值算法的性能,为工程应用提供理论和实验依据。     

基于直接判决和导频跟踪的OFDM系统快时变信道估计

提出了一种基于直接判决的OFDM系统的快时变信道估计方法。采用了直接判决算法进行信道估计，并从中选择有效的估计结果，联合导频信号进行信道跟踪。将基于训练序列的信道估计结果作为直接判决算法的初始值，利用传输信号直接判决的统计特性进行了信道估计，并利用改进的导频算法进一步地跟踪信道在时间上的变化。Simulink仿真结果表明，该估计算法适用于时变信道，比基于导频的信道估计方法和基于训练序列的信道估计方法效果都要好。     

基于导频的OFDM系统信道估计

正交频分复用（0FDM）是一种高效的数字传输技术,因其较高的频带利用率以及抗多径衰落的性能,被视为下一代无线通信的核心技术。信道估计是视线OFDM系统的关键技术之一。主要研究了OFDM无线通信系统中基于导频的信息估计算法——LS算法,MMSE算法以及改进的LS算法,并通过仿真算法的最小均方误差性能和误码率特性证明了改进的LS算法要优于LS算法。     

OFDM系统中导频设置方式对信道估计算法性能的影响

着重研究采用基于导频信道估计算法的OFDM系统中导频的设置方式,推导得到导频设置数目的基本准则,并通过性能仿真对比,分析得到不同的导频设置图样对信道估计算法性能的影响.最后跟踪了目前多载波信道估计研究领域中有关导频设置的最新研究动向.     

一种基于导频的OFDM信道估计优化算法

针对OFDM系统提出了一种新的联合信道估计方法,并在理论上将此方法进行了最优化.仿真结果表明,该方法不仅有效提高了信道估计的准确性,而且可降低信道估计对导频发射功率的依赖性.     

基于OFDM调制的可见光通信系统的导频设计

研究了基于正交频分复用(OFDM)调制的可见光通信(VLC)系统的导频设计方法.针对室内可见光通信信道特性,研究了导频数目对于信道容量的影响,从理论上给出了导频间隔与信道容量下界的关系式.在此基础上,建立了基于OFDM调制的可见光通信实验系统,并以上述理论关系式作为导频数目的设计依据.实验结果表明,随着导频间隔的变化,实验系统得到的系统频谱效率与理论给出的信道容量下界的变化趋势吻合,即文章提出的导频间隔与信道容量下界的理论关系式为可见光通信的最优导频间隔设计提供了理论依据.     

OFDM块状导频信道估计的研究及FPGA实现

正交频分复用（OFDM）技术以其抗多径衰落和高频带利用率的优点被广泛关注。由于在移动通信中信道的特性随时间变化,为了提高通信效率和通信质量,必须进行信道估计。考虑到块状导频信道估计算法适合于慢衰落信道的特点,提出了基于FPGA的块状导频信道估计算法的实现,得到一种既能保证性能和速度又适合硬件实现的简单算法,避免了繁琐的复数除法运算,节省了硬件资源。     

导频干扰下OFDM信道估计误差分析与仿真

导频干扰是针对正交频分(OFDM)系统的一种灵巧干扰方法。针对MMSE信道估计,推导了导频干扰下OFDM信道估计误差的统计分布,分析了相对于宽带阻塞干扰的优势。通过仿真验证了理论推导的正确性以及导频干扰相对于宽带阻塞干扰的高效性。     

一种适用于OFDM系统的梳状导频自适应方案

由于传统的OFDM系统导频插入密度固定导致信道利用率偏低的缺点,本篇文章主要研究了梳状导频自适应与传输方案。因此要改进信道估计的精确度主要取决定于导频的插入密度的设计。因此为了可以控制导频的密度本文提出了一种改进的梳状导频自适应方案,在满足系统误码率的前提下可以有效的提高信道的利用率。仿真结果表明,该方案可以实现通信需求与导频的自动匹配,在保障系统可靠性的前提下有效的降低了导频的密度。     

PILOT－BASED FREQUENCY OFFSET DETECTION SCHEME IN OFDM SYSTEM

The frequency offset information is extracted from local pilot amplitude characteristics, which suffer much less distortion in frequency-selective fading channels than those utilizing frequency domain correlation techniques. Simulation shows that the performance of this scheme has better performance than the existing frequency domain pilot-based frequency offset detection scheme.     

基于802.16e的OFDM调制解调技术的研究

随着正交频分复用技术（OFDM）的日益成熟,它在现实生活中的应用的范围也越来越广泛了。OFDM技术现在不仅广泛的应用在数字广播、数字电视中,而且由于其具有抗多径衰落,频谱利用率高,传输速度快的优点,被普偏认为是第四代移动通信物理层的关键技术之一,它能够同时为多个用户提供高数据速率的视频和语音服务。主要是针对基于802.16e标准的OFDM的不同调制解调方式在不同信道中传输的优缺点进行研究比较。     

A NOVEL INTEGER FREQUENCY OFFSET ESTIMATOR FOR OFDM

One of the principal disadvantages of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） is very sensitive to carrier frequency offset. The integer frequency offset has no effect on the orthogonality among the subcarriers, but it causes a circular shift and phase rotation of the received data symbols sequence, resulting in a Bit Error Rate（BER） of 0.5. In this paper, a novel integer frequency offset estimator for OFDM is derived based on maximum likelihood estimation technique and exploration of the differential relation between two consecutive OFDM data symbol sequences in frequency domain. Its performance is compared with the conventional method by computer simulations for the additive white Gaussian noise channel and a multipath fading channel. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed estimator is better than the conventional estimator.     

基于数据样本方差的正交频分复用水声通信多普勒频移估计方法

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)水声移动通信易受时变多普勒频移影响的缺点,该文提出一种基于数据样本方差的多普勒频移估计方法。利用前序符号的信道估计值恢复当前符号的有效数据序列及其频域分集副本,计算分集副本与数据序列的比值并搜索该比值序列在不同多普勒补偿因子下的方差,选取方差最小时对应的补偿因子作为多普勒频移估计值,利用稀疏贝叶斯学习和判决反馈信道估计算法获得修正后的信道频域响应并传递给后序符号,实现对多普勒频移的实时跟踪。数值仿真验证了该方法的可行性和优越性,海上试验证明,该方法实现了基于无人水下航行器的OFDM水声移动通信,能够对时变多普勒频移进行有效估计。     

Robust and fast frequency offset estimation for OFDM based satellite communication

A pilot-aided Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) frequency offset estimator designed for satellite communication system is proposed in the paper. The estimator focuses on the acquisition of the integer part of carrier frequency offset and the acquisition range is as large as the whole signal bandwidth. Making full use of the phase difference between received pilot and local referential pilot, a fast estimation is obtained. Compared with existing method, our method can also work well even in SNR as low as 0dB. Simulations verify the good performance of our method.     

Block adaptive subcarrier allocation for wireless multiuser OFDM system

In this paper, a blockwise adaptive subcarrier allocation algorithm for multiuser Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system is introduced. Assuming the knowledge of channel information for all users, the algorithm minimizes the total transmit power while satisfying the total power and users‘ rate constraints. The result of simulation shows that the proposed algorithm reduces the average bit Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) by approximately 4 dB compared with OFDM-Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDM-FDMA), and supports more users in a multiuser Rayleigh fading channel. As assigning subcarriers in block, the computational complexity of the algorithm is much lower than that of the derivation of “water-filling” algorithm.     

多径衰落信道下射频识别系统抗干扰技术

射频识别(RFID)系统通信环境由简单近距离的室内通信向复杂远距离的都市通信发展,在读写器和电子标签之间出现了由多径效应引起的带多普勒频移的瑞利衰落。针对 B 类标签信号在多径瑞利衰落信道中的传输进行系统建模与分析,并将正交频分复用(OFDM)系统引入以提高 RFID信号对信噪比的敏感度。仿真结果表明,标签信号在多径瑞利衰落信道中对信噪比变化不敏感,引入 OFDM后信号对信噪比的敏感度明显提高,RFID系统抗干扰能力得到增强。     

联合法降低OFDM系统的非线性失真

正交频分复用技术(OFDM,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing)是一种有效的并行多载波传输方案,然而,OFDM技术存在一个主要缺点,即发送信号存在较高的峰值平均功率比(PAPR,Peak-to-Average Power Ratio)。研究表明高带宽效率的限幅类技术着眼于直接降低OFDM信号的峰均比,而幅度和相位预失真方法则是从放大器的角度出发,对放大器进行预失真处理,增大功率放大器的线性范围。这里提出将限幅类技术和预失真处理进行联合实现,从而在系统PAPR减小、失真补偿和误码率之间取得较好的折中。     

Performance analysis of channel estimation for LDPC-coded OFDM system in multipath fading channel

In this paper, the channel estimation techniques for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （OFDM） systems based on pilot arrangement are studied and we apply Low Density Parity Check （LDPC） codes to the system of IEEE 802.16a with OFDM modulation. First investigated is the influence of channel cstimation schemes on LDPC-code based OFDM system in static and multipath fading channels. According to the different propagation environments in 802.16a system, a dynamic channel estimation scheme is proposed. A good irregular LDPC code is designed with code rate of 1/2 and code length of 1200. Simulation results show that the performance of LDPC coded OFDM system proposed in this paper is better than that of the convolution Turbo coded OFDM system proposed in IEEE standard 802.16a.     

Reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of OFDM system with low complexity

This paper proposes a companding scheme, where small signals are enlarged and large signals are reduced, to reduce the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio（PAPR）. Computer simulation results show that the proposed technique has two advantages at least when compared with the conventional methods such as partial transmit sequence, selective mapping and the previous companding. First, it gets better PAPR performances with a lower complexity. Second, the scheme achieves greater performances gain with hardly any damnification of OFDM signals in some degree.