Sun View窗口系统环境下的颜色共享

本文分析了ＳｕｎＶｉｅｗ窗口系统中颜色显示及窗口之间颜色共享的机制，阐述了实际应用中，当光标在不同窗口之间移动时，由于颜色分配表不同，导致屏幕画面“闪”得厉害这一实际问题，给出了解决办法。     

一种基于稳健匹配准则的视频文本跟踪方法

本文首先根据文本中各个字符的颜色相似的特性,确定已知文本块的文本的颜色,利用文本的颜色信息二值化文本图像以得到文本块中的字符数、字符的尺寸和间距;其次,根据视频图像的大小和视频的播放速度确定搜索窗口的大小,并利用文本的运动信息来预测搜索窗口的位置;第三,根据在相邻两帧中具有相同内容文本的颜色相似的特性,提出了一个可以解决脉冲噪声和部分缺损或遮挡问题的稳健匹配准则来跟踪文本块;最后,确定跟踪输出的文本的颜色、尺寸和运动方式。本文方法可以很好地跟踪平移、缩小或放大、旋转、淡入淡出和部分被遮挡的水平或倾斜排列的文本,并且可以记录文本平移、旋转和缩放的速度。     

基于色度比特性的显示器色度特性化

为了对显示器进行色度特性化,探讨了显示器颜色控制值RGB与其CIE系统X、Y、Z颜色三刺激值之间的对应关系.根据显示器通道色光的光谱比例不变性,确定了每个通道的色度比常数,由此将红、绿、蓝通道的数字量R、G、B分别与其色光的Xr、Yg、Zb(称为主颜色刺激值)相关联,再将复色光的颜色刺激CIE XYZ与各通道的主刺激Xr、Yg、Zb建立联系.在一个LCD和一个CRT显示器上的应用结果表明,对729个检验颜色分别得到了4.74和1.48的CIELAB色差,表明该方法具有较高的显示器色度颜色转换精度.     

车辆颜色识别方法研究

车辆颜色识别对车辆的识别与搜索,完善和增强智能交通系统功能具有重要意义。本文通过对颜色表示方法的深入研究,使用特殊的颜色空间合并与分解方法,提出了在室外正常光照条件下基于支持向量机的车辆颜色识别的方法。本方法克服了车辆颜色识别过程中多种颜色产生的混叠问题,将车辆颜色分为7个种类,解决了样本分布不均及光照对车辆颜色的影响,提高了车辆颜色识别的准确率和效率。     

基于OpenCV的运动目标跟踪及其实现

CAMSHIFT算法是一种基于颜色直方图的目标跟踪算法。在视频跟踪过程中,CAMSHIFT算法利用选定目标的颜色直方图模型得到每帧图像的颜色投影图,并根据上一帧跟踪的结果自适应调整搜索窗口的位置和大小,得到当前帧中目标的尺寸和质心位置。在介绍Intel公司的开源OpenCV计算机视觉库的基础上,采用CAMSHIFT跟踪算法,实现运动目标跟踪,解决了跟踪目标发生存在旋转或部分遮挡等复杂情况下的跟踪难题。实验结果表明该算法的有效性、优越性和可行性。     

基于颜色内相关和自适应支撑权重的立体匹配算法

立体匹配的关键问题是确定一个合适的匹配代价关系,颜色内相关作为像素点的固有特性,能够有效地反映出匹配像素点间的微小差异。对传统的自适应支撑权重(ASW)方法进行改进,提出了一种基于颜色内相关和自适应支撑窗口的立体匹配算法,该方法结合了颜色相似性、欧式距离相似性和颜色内相关相似性来确定匹配窗口内像素点的权重大小。同时为了消除光照不同对图像匹配结果的影响,将匹配点先进行rank变换后再进行匹配代价关系计算。对计算出的初始视差图进行三步优化,剔除由图像遮挡、重复等引起的不同视差错误,从而得到最终的视差结果。通过在Matlab软件平台上对国际标准图像进行测试,实验结果表明该方法得到的视差结果的平均错误率低,且明显优于其他局部匹配方法,具有很强的稳健性和较低的误匹配率。     

尺度自适应CBWH跟踪算法研究

传统Mean Shift跟踪算法存在固定核窗宽导致目标尺度定位和空间定位不准确的问题。本文在背景加权的均值漂移算法(corrected background-weighted histogram ,CBWH Mean Shift)精确的目标定位基础之上,在RGB颜色空间下使用目标背景加权模型生成目标显著特征的颜色概率图,对其进行阈值分割和图像处理后获取二值图像,以此计算不变矩来调整下一帧的跟踪窗口,并在满足一定条件时及时更新背景加权模型以适应复杂背景下的跟踪任务。实验结果表明,上述方法能够自适应地更新核函数的带宽,提高了算法跟踪尺度变化目标的准确性和鲁棒性。      

彩色伪随机编码结构光解码方法研究

在采用伪随机序列生成彩色条纹作为投影图像的基 础上提出了一种对彩色伪随化编码结构光三步 解码新方法。首先,建立向量梯度算子将Canny算子推广到彩色多通道图像,对彩色带状图 像进行彩色边缘检测,确 定边缘特征的位置信息;其次,采用引导式K-means聚类算法和 颜色分辨能力较强的颜色不变量对图像进行颜色识 别和分类,继而获得边缘特征的颜色信息;最后,提出分步窗口匹配算法对边缘特征序列进 行匹配,从而确立拍摄 图像和投射图像上的边缘特征的对应性。实验结果表明,提出的解码方法在不需要假定被测 物体表面颜色和纹理结 构的条件下,依然能够有效地提高解码的精度,具有较强的鲁棒性。     

一种YUV颜色空间下的多视差图偏色校正方法

在多幅视差图中选取一副颜色接近真实的图像作为标准图,然后将该标准视差图和偏色视差图分别进行从RGB到YUV的颜色空间转换,计算偏色视差图在YUV颜色空间下的3个颜色校正系数K,得到YUV颜色空间下待校正偏色图像的真实颜色灰度值,最后将得到的颜色灰度值从YUV转换到RGB颜色空间,从而实现任意多幅偏色视差图的校正。实验研究表明,本方法可以实现任意多路偏色程度在15%以内的偏色校正,校正效果较好,从而能改善自由立体显示器的显示质量。     

基于车身颜色搜索未识别车牌图片的研究

个别车牌因设备、环境和自身的影响而不能识别。为了能够快速查找极少数不能识别的车牌,提出了基于CIELab颜色空间车身颜色识别的车牌分类方法,该方法包括图像预处理,颜色识别,颜色库的建立等三个步骤将图片进行分类处理。与传统的查询方法相比。该方法提高了未识车牌的查询精确度和速度,增强了智能车场的识别精度和鲁棒性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.