灭铃净乳油防治棉铃虫药效试验

使用灭铃净乳油１０００,２０００,３０００倍液防治棉铃虫,药后７天防效均达到８５．４％以上;１０００倍液的防效可达９４．５％,保蕾效果为９２．１３％。１０００倍,２０００倍处理防效极显著地高于２．５％功夫菊酯乳油２０００倍处理。     

农地乐52．25％乳油防治甜菜夜蛾田间药效试验与示范

试验结果表明,农地乐 ５２．２５ＥＣ防治甜菜夜蛾速效性好于对照药剂抑太保和除尽,药后 １ｄ的防效,１０００、６６７倍液达 ８０％以上,５００倍液达 ９０％以上。药后 ７ｄ的防效,１０００、６６７倍液为 ９１．４％～９３．３％,与抑太保 １０％乳油 １０００倍液相当;５００倍液为 ９６．７％,与除尽相当。农地乐 ５２．２５ ＥＣ防治甜菜夜蛾的持效期为 ７～８天。农地乐对作物安全。示范面积２．１× １０３ｈｍ２,平均防 效达 ８５％以上。农地乐 ５２．２５ ＥＣ已成为冀东防治甜菜夜蛾的首选药剂。     

20%丁硫克百威乳油防治苹果蚜虫田间药效试验

１９９５￣１９９６年在山西太原进行了２０％丁硫克百威乳油防治苹果蚜虫田间小区药效试验,结果表明,在苹果蚜虫发生期,用丁硫克百威１０００￣３０００倍液喷雾防治,１￣８天的防效可达９９．７％￣１００％,７￣１０天的防效仍维持在８５％以上。其防效与对照农药４０％氧乐果１０００倍液的防效相等,持效期为１０天。     

腈菌唑防治大棚草莓白粉病药效试验

田间试验结果表明，１２．５％腈菌唑可湿性粉剂２０００￣４０００倍对大棚草莓白粉病有较好防效，连续防治三次，防效达７１．４％￣８３．７％，且安全性好。     

瓜蚜和瓜绢螟的药剂防效试验

药剂防治蚜和瓜绢螟的田间试验结果表明,２５％喹硫磷乳油１０００倍液对瓜蚜防治效果最好,药后５天防效达１００％,２１％灭杀毙乳油２０００倍液,４０．７％乐斯本乳油１０００倍液＋病毒复合杀虫剂可湿粉１０００倍液混合液防治瓜绢螟效果最好,药后５天防效达１００％。     

2.5%三氟氯氰菊酯乳油防治荔枝蝽蟓

田间试验表明,２．５％三氟氯氰菊酯乳油防治荔枝蝽蟓效果好,药后１￣７天防效均在９０．６％,其中２０００倍液击倒力强,药后１￣３天防效可达１００％。在荔枝蝽蟓卵孵化高峰期宜用２０００￣３０００倍液防治,在低龄若虫高峰期用３０００￣４０００倍液防治为好。     

45%丙·辛乳油防治棉铃虫试验研究

４５％丙·辛乳油稀释１０００￣１５００倍液对二代棉铃虫防效显著。药后１￣３天防效９０％￣１００％,药后７天达８１％￣９２％,保项效果４７．９％￣５３．７％,保蕾效果５４．８％￣６７．２％。该药是防治抗性棉铃虫的理想复配剂。     

溴氟菊酯防治大豆食心虫,大豆蚜,甘蓝夜蛾试验

１９９２～１９９５年用１０％溴氟菊酯乳油对大豆食心虫、大豆蚜、甘蓝夜蛾进行了小区试验。结果表明，该药对上述三种害虫具有良好的防效。ｌ０００倍液对大豆食心虫防治效果与２０％甲氰菊酯乳油２０００倍液相当，达到３９２．９％以上；用１０００～２０００倍液防治大豆蚜，药后７天防效达８８．５％以上；用５００～１５００倍液防治甘蓝夜蛾，药后７天均达到了８４．６％以上的防治效果。而且对作物安全。     

10%吡虫啉可湿性粉剂防治梨木虱田间试验

在第二代梨木虱若虫期，用１０％吡虫啉ＷＰ１００００、８０００、５０００、３０００倍液喷雾防治一次。药后１天的校正防效分别为８９．４％、９２．０％和９３．６％；药后３天的校正防效分别为８６．５％、９１．５％、９５．７％和９５．１％；药后７天的校正防效分别为９２．６％、９４．６％、９６．８％和９８．０％；药后１４天的校正防效分别为７７．５％、８６．８％、９２．２％和９６．３％，均明显高于目前常用农药的     

35%赛丹乳油防治苹果黄蚜和麦蚜药效试验

３５％赛丹乳油对苹是黄蚜和麦长管蚜均有较好的防效,对天敌的优势种瓢虫的杀伤率低,防治苹果黄蚜的适宜浓度２０００倍液,持效期７天,防治麦蚜适宜用３００－３７５ｇ／ｈｍ＾２,持效期为１４天,防效为８９．３４％,９１．７２％,９９．２％。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。