PI决策技术在姬塬油田罗27长4+5油藏调剖堵水中的应用

姬塬油田罗27区长4+5属于典型的三低油藏,储层致密、微裂缝发育,非均质性强。常规的动态调整和示踪剂监测判断来水方向难度较大,为了提高注入水利用率,罗27区长4+5油藏运用PI决策整体调剖技术,有效的封堵了高渗透层,缓解了油田含水上升速度,提高了水驱采收率。     

区块整体调剖决策技术

调剖技术已成为油田稳油控水重要的技术之一,调剖井选取是调剖技术的重要内容。本文介绍了单因素决策方法（渗透率决策、吸水剖面决策、PI决策）和多因素决策方法（RE决策、RS决策）,分析各种决策方法的优缺点,应用产例进行说明。分析表明：各种单因素选井决策可靠性不高,可以作为最终选井的参考,多因素选井决策比较可靠。在多因素选井决策中RS选井决策比RE决策考虑的因素更为全面,但是需要数据较多。     

应用决策技术实现增产增收

<正> 一、问题的提出从1990年初起,我厂主产品钛白粉由于市场疲软的影响,其销售由畅为平且有转滞的趋势,市场竞争日趋激烈。国内各钛白粉生产厂家均在质量、价格及服务三方面争夺市场、争夺用户,我厂面临十分严峻形势。另外经测算、能源提价多支出86.2万元,油脂类产品及钛白产品价格下浮将损失297万元,运费提价,老产品减产、折旧大修费增加,利息增加、退休工人统筹,新增土地税等项需多支出140.4万元,总计增本减利因素为523.6万元,要确保年度870万     

集团总部决策机关信息化技术的应用

分析了总部决策机关信息化建设的目的,介绍了总部决策机关信息化建设的内容以及国际大型石油石化公司的信息化建设所带来的效益。     

实时数据库PI及其在长炼的应用

讲述了实时数据库ＰＩ的技术特点,主要模块功能,并介绍了在长炼的应用情况。     

技术经济学在投资和定价决策上的应用

以天津开发区燃气设施的建立为例,阐述了技术经济学方法在气源决策和定价决策上的应用。     

油井堵水概念的内涵及其技术关键分析

石油是关系国际民生的战略资源,被誉为“工业血液”。随着国民经济的迅速发展,石油的消费量也迅速增长,但在石油的开采过程中,油井出水成了普遍存在的问题,这种现象严重影响了油田的正常开发,降低了原油的采收率。因此,为了提高原油的采收率、稳油控水就必须寻找有效的方法来避免油井出水现象的发生。本文阐述了油井堵水的概念,通过分析油井出水的原因,最终提出解决油井出水问题的技术方法。     

TOFD技术原理及其应用

介绍了超声波衍射时差法检测技术的基本原理以及该技术与常规超声波检测的区别,可以看出TOFD技术有明显的优势,简述了TOFD技术的工业应用,说明该技术发挥越来越大的作用。     

综合决策技术在油井堵水选井中的应用

在区块整体油井深部堵水选井中,在综合分析油水井动静态资料的基础上,以含水上升、压力降落和剩余储量等三因素作为决策指标,运用模糊综合评判法,计算各油井需要堵水的遴选值,模型包括建立权重集、因素集、评价集。遴选值越大,堵剂强度要求越高,堵剂用量需要越多,越需要优先堵水。该决策技术可为油井堵水选井、堵剂选择和堵剂用量计算提供技术依据。     

Technology evaluation and decision making for sustainability enhancement of industrial systems under uncertainty

Technology‐based sustainability enhancement is a key approach for industrial sustainability realization. However, identification of effective technologies for any industrial system could be very challenging. If the available data and information about the industrial system and technologies are incomplete, imprecise, and uncertain, then technology identification could be very difficult. In this article, the authors introduce a simple, yet systematic interval‐parameter‐based methodology for identifying quickly superior solutions under uncertainty for sustainability performance improvement. The methodology is general enough for the study of sustainability enhancement problems of any size and scope. A case study on sustainable development of biodiesel manufacturing demonstrates methodological efficacy. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 58: 1841–1852, 2012     

多目标灰色决策在采矿方法选择中的应用

提出了采矿方法优劣评判的灰色决策法．对多评价指标的方案决策，提供了一个简单可行的方法．     

Ecommerce interface colour and consumer decision making: Two routes of influence

This article reports an empirical study of the effects of interface colour (blue vs. grey) on ecommerce decision making. Participants viewed a set of products and information on the attributes of each and then made a series of purchase decisions that provided the basis for individual rankings of this set. Results support two proposed ‘routes of influence’. In the first, interface colour influences the cognitive capacities and strategies of consumers. This was evident as participants considered more attributes in the grey interface condition. Importantly, this was not mediated by participants' affective state. In the second, interface colour exerts influence via participants' aesthetic judgements. This was evident at a product‐specific level—with colour‐related differences in product selection decisions mediated (for two product alternatives) by participants' assessments of product aesthetics. There was also some support for a product‐generic effect of interface colour—with product aesthetics tending to be more influential in the grey condition. Overall, the results demonstrate the multifacetted nature of the influence of interface colour on consumer decision making in retail environments. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2011;     

Progression of color decision making in introductory design education

Color comprises both subjective and objective aspects within its contextual nature. Research on color design tends to explore this seemingly contradictory concerns from theoretical point of view, as well as architectural and design practice. The aim of this study was to observe subjective, intuitive or heuristic and objective, knowledge‐based or analytical attitudes toward color in design education. In the study 84 introductory design students were surveyed progressively to understand their color decision criteria after completion of three 2‐dimensional colored exercises, specific in terms of color education. Students' responses to open‐ended questions were coded according to the 5 categories, under 2 decision making processes derived from the literature; heuristic approach: preferential and symbolic criteria, and analytic reasoning: formal, thematic, and systematic criteria. A distinction between associative and emotional aspects of symbolic criteria was also revealed by the data analysis. The findings showed a shift from heuristic responses to analytic reasoning, as expected. Additionally, it is also investigated that students not only used heuristic approaches but also analytical components (formal and systematic) of color decision making in varying degrees as well, even before any color subjects covered. Thematic color decisions became a major part of the students' design considerations upon completion of color subjects. The observed increase in the number of color criteria interrelated by the students' among almost all categories explicated a complex decision making process particularly in color design and education. These findings were expected to lead to some further understanding in color decision making in design.     

乙醇胺的应用及生产技术

叙述了乙醇胺的应用领域、消费现状及国内外生产技术,针对目前国内的现状对乙醇胺生产提出个人的建议。     

射流清管技术的应用探讨与分析

为了对射流清管技术的应用进行探讨与分析,通过对清管器运动过程进行受力分析,建立射流清管器运动模型,探讨射流清管技术的关键参数,并针对射流清管技术的工程应用进行分析,提出风险应对策略。研究表明：射流清管技术的关键参数包括压降系数、旁通率、清管器与管壁的摩擦力。压降系数反映射流孔结构对压降的贡献,主要是结构参数的函数。直通结构、折流板结构和内部阀门结构的压降系数可由各组合部分线性累加计算。旁通率的优选是射流清管技术的核心,旁通率对清管器速度的影响并非理想的线性关系,增加旁通率会在一定程度上增强清管器运动的黏滑效应。当前的研究均未考虑液体润滑对摩擦力的影响且未能耦合摩擦力的沿程变化特点。本文最后对射流清管技术进行了展望,指出摩擦力沿程变化、内部阀门压降系数的研究是优化射流清管模型的重要方向,旁通率、清管器速度以及积液运移三者的耦合关系将是未来的研究热点。     

现代药物分析技术及应用研究

现代药物分析技术综合了化学、物理学、微生物学等知识,对药物有效成分进行定量、定性、药物稳定性以及生物利用度分析,客观上保障了药物生产的质量和安全。     

A tuning of the nonlinear PI controller and its experimental application

Many industrial chemical process control systems consist of conventional PID and nonlinear controllers, even though many advanced control strategies have been proposed. In addition, nonlinear control methods are widely used even for linear processes to achieve better control performance compared with linear PID controllers. However, there are few tuning methods for these nonlinear controllers. In this work, we suggest new controller tuning methods for the error square type of nonlinear PI controller. These control methods can be applied to a large number of linear and nonlinear processes without changing control structures. We also propose new tuning rules for integrating processes. In addition, we suggest application guidelines for performing the proposed tuning rules at the pilot scale multistage level control system. Finally, in this work we confirmed good control performances of the proposed tuning methods through both simulation studies and experimental studies.     

铜冶炼烟气制酸系统节能技术研究与应用

介绍了江西铜业集团有限公司贵溪冶炼厂铜冶炼烟气制酸系统节能技术研究与应用情况。节能技术改造主要包括变频控制系统在KK&K风机的首次运用、自主研发高SO2浓度转化数学模型提高制酸系统SO2控制浓度、研究开发一种新的复杂废水除砷工艺、发明水冷封闭式IGBT"高频节能电源"降低电化学整流器的电耗和故障率等。通过一系列改造,实现了烟气制酸系统吨酸电耗的较大幅度的下降,优化了排放水的水质指标,对冶炼烟气制酸行业的节能减排科技进步具有较大的推动和示范作用。     

Packaging design elements and consumers' decision to buy from the Web: A cause and effect decision‐making model

Recent advances in e‐commerce have resulted in significant progress being made toward strategies, requirements, and the development of various mechanisms aimed at influencing consumers' decisions to purchase online. The relationship between different packaging design elements and their effect on consumers' online buying decisions has been less researched, due in part to the lack of statistical power to detect cause and effect relationships between these elements. This study examines the feasibility of multiple‐criteria decision‐making in order to identify and analyze the causal relationships between the different packaging design elements that are required to stimulate consumers' decision to buy products online. Consumers' direct, indirect, and interdependent behaviors in relation to PDEs and purchase decisions were studied for this paper. A total of 142 students (89 males and 53 females, aged 22‐37 years) participated in this study. The results identified several associations between design elements. The four most important PDEs found to influence consumers' decision to buy via the internet were graphics, colours, label information, and country of origin. This study provides the necessary insights into the design of product packaging by targeting aspects related to the appearance of the products' characteristics. Correlations between the various PDEs obtained from this study can be used to increase consumers' interactions with products in e‐commerce environments.