多色系彩色反射隔热涂料的涂层设计及颜料选择

目前市面上的反射隔热涂料多以白色系为主,色调单一,耐沾污性差,反射性能在污染后快速下降;同时,对彩色反射涂料的性能评估亦缺乏足够的实验工作。为此,研究设计了采用钛白-空心玻璃微珠体系为底层,无机混相颜料-辐射粉体系为面层的双层反射隔热涂层结构。经测试,白色底漆可有效提高涂层体系的近红外反射率,玻璃微珠的底层配置可使涂层体系获得更加优良的耐沾污性能;并对市售易得的无机混相颜料进行了评估;对反射隔热涂料进行了调色并对制备的涂层进行了光谱分析;对于价格高昂但反射率不太理想的部分色彩进行复合调配,优化了产品性能并降低材料成本。     

防腐颜料对水性环氧涂料性能的影响

在水性环氧涂料中,添加防腐颜料对涂层防腐性能有一定的影响,而不同种类的化学防腐颜料对涂层的作用有所差异。通过对磷酸钼锌、磷酸锌铝、磷酸锌、磷酸铝及钙离子交换硅胶颜料的电导率、形貌分析以及由他们制成的涂层进行研究,以及漆膜耐中性盐雾试验、电化学交流阻抗谱及剥离涂层后的能谱(EDAX)进行分析,结果表明:在水性环氧涂料体系中,磷酸铝锌颜料颜料的防腐性能最优。     

彩色建筑节能涂料的制备和性能研究

针对目前市面上应用的建筑节能涂料多以白色和浅色为主,装饰性不佳,分别以钛铬黄和铁黄、钴绿和铬绿2种黄、绿色系的彩色颜料为反射颜料,制备了2种彩色建筑节能涂料,并探究隔热性能较好的涂层对应的颜料种类及其掺量。采用X射线衍射仪、紫外/可见/近红外分光光度计、精密色差仪对颜料和涂层性能进行表征,用自制隔热性能测试装置测量涂层的隔热性能。结果表明:相比于铁黄和铬绿,钛铬黄和钴绿2种颜料的近红外平均反射率更高;当掺量为20%时,钛铬黄和铬绿涂层近红外平均反射率最大分别为68.69%和48.57%,红外发射率分别为0.93和0.90,此时2种涂层试板的平衡温度较空白板分别低17.8℃和9.9℃。     

水性无铬锌铝防腐涂料的研制

以高模数硅酸盐代替传统铬酐黏结剂,实现无铬黏结,采用硅烷偶联剂对颜料铝粉表面进行包覆改性,以此改性铝粉制备水性锌铝涂层,同时添加一定浓度的磷钼酸钠缓蚀剂提高涂层防腐性能。研究了硅烷偶联剂种类和用量对包覆铝粉在水性体系中分散稳定性的影响,同时考察了缓蚀剂浓度对涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响。通过SEM、EDS、EIS等分析方法对颜料铝粉及涂膜性能进行了表征。结果表明:经5%的WD-60包覆改性后的颜料铝粉分散稳定性较好;添加1%的磷钼酸钠缓蚀剂所制备的锌铝涂层耐腐蚀性能明显提高。     

K—M理论在颜料光学性能测定中的应用

颜料的主要性能如遮盖力、着色力,白度等都是光学性能。为了寻找性能良好的颜料,准确测定其光学性能是十分重要的。本文拟概略地介绍一种国外广为应用的光散射理论,即Kubelka-Munk理论(简称K-M理论)及其在颜料光学性能测定中的应用。颜料分散体系的光学性能和测定涂层表面受到光线照射时,会发生光的反射或折射。当光线以45°角照射到涂层表面时,约95％入射光被折射到涂层内部,只有大约5％被反射(镜面反射)。如果涂层是不含颜料的清漆涂层,则此折射光可从底     

CdZnS半导体颜料涂层红外发射率的研究

以Cd(CH_3COO)_2,Zn(CH_3COO)_2,Na_2S等为原料,通过共沉淀法制备CdZnS半导体颜料,用XRD,EDS,SEM等手段对颜料结构、成分、形貌进行了表征。研究了烧结温度和掺杂含量对CdZnS半导体颜料涂层红外发射率的影响。结果表明,烧结温度和掺杂含量对半导体颜料涂层光学性能有决定性作用,通过调配工艺条件可以获得较低的颜料涂层红外发射率。     

烧结温度对ATO半导体颜料涂层光学性能的影响

采用共沉淀法合成了ATO半导体颜料的前驱体,前驱体经过烧结获得半导体颜料,通过XRD、EDS等手段对颜料进行表征,测试了不同烧结温度下颜料粉体电阻率,研究了烧结温度对ATO半导体颜料涂层光学性能的影响。研究结果表明,烧结温度对颜料的粉体电阻率和涂层光学性能影响明显,当烧结温度为1300℃时,制备的颜料粉体电阻率为15Ω.cm,涂层红外发射率仅为0.71。     

石墨烯对海上风电叶片底漆的性能影响研究

通过在涂层体系中添加石墨烯或用石墨烯代替防锈颜料的方法,确定石墨烯在风电叶片底漆中的作用,并明确最佳用量。选用环氧改性聚氨酯体系的海上风电叶片底漆,分别添加不同比例的石墨烯或使用石墨烯部分代替体系中的防锈颜料,研究2种情况下底漆的各项性能。结果表明:石墨烯对底漆耐酸性、耐盐雾性有显著的影响。将石墨烯添加至现有的涂层体系中时,底漆的耐酸性和耐盐雾性随着石墨烯用量的增加呈现先提高后降低的趋势;当使用石墨烯部分替代防锈颜料时,漆膜的耐盐雾、耐酸性明显下降。石墨烯在防腐底漆的使用中,与现有的涂层体系相匹配效果更好,适量添加石墨烯可改善底漆的防腐性能。相反,石墨烯部分替代防锈颜料会降低涂层的性能。     

涂层厚度对水性彩色反射涂料反射率影响的研究

以水为分散介质,用铁铬黑及红外反射颜料为主要颜料,以纯丙乳液为成膜物质,制成水性彩色太阳热反射涂料,有较高的反射率。颜料和成膜物质是影响涂层反射率的主要因素,除此之外,涂层厚度也对反射率产生影响。研究了水性彩色涂料反射率与涂层厚度和对比率的关系。结果表明,涂层反射率随涂层厚度和对比率的提高而增强。相同颜色涂料,当涂层透过率接近零时,涂层厚度对反射率影响随之减弱,涂层反射性能只与其表面反射率相关。     

涂料实用技术

汽车多层涂装体系目前,汽车多层涂装体系是先将着色底漆涂覆在金属底材上,然后涂覆透明面漆。这样涂装体系的涂层装饰性优劣完全取决于底涂层施工好坏,并且许多底涂层采用金属颜料和珠光颜料均存在问题。为了弥补某些涂装造成的缺陷,只能增加涂装次数,又给施工控制带来困难。     

Water permeability of pigmented waterborne coatings

Coatings are used in a variety of applications. Last decades more and more coating systems are transforming from solvent to waterborne coating systems. In this study the influence of pigments on the water permeability of a waterborne coating system is studied, with special interest in the possible interfacial layer of additives around the pigments. In our study an acrylate based binder is mixed with different glass sphere concentrations and sizes. Subsequently, the coating permeability is studied through wet-cup experiments and water uptake in the coating, either on a glass substrate or on wood, is monitored with NMR. These experiments show that water is absorbed more quickly by coatings containing glass spheres. From the experimental results it can be concluded that an interface layer around the pigment particles facilitates water migration and increases the effective diffusion. A modification of the effective medium theory is used to describe the observation and good agreement between experiments and theory is obtained. Both theory and experiment show that in a coating a layer around the pigments facilitates water transport and increases the effective diffusion constant.     

Mica pigments in solvent free coatings systems

Mica pigments are nowadays extensively used in different solvent containing paint systems, e.g. in automotive paints. Although water-borne coatings are gaining more and more importance, the need for even more environmentally safe to use coatings calls for coatings with less or even no solvents. To achieve this goal—no solvents—basically two technologies are used: one is powder coating, the other is radiation curing like UV- and electron beam-curable systems. Together with the need for more environmentally safe paint systems the consumer also requests highly esthetic coatings, especially concerning colour and effect. This paper describes how mica pigments, which are themselves environmentally safe and are used for high esthetic requirements, work in solvent free paint systems like powder coating and radiation-curable systems. Special attention is given to how mica pigments can be incorporated into powder coatings and what measures have to be taken to achieve an optimised effect. Concerning radiation, especially UV-curable systems, the advantages of mica pigments compared to other effect pigments are discussed.     

Self-stratifying coatings containing barrier and active anticorrosive pigments

The influence of decorative and anticorrosive pigments on the distribution of pigments and protective properties of self-stratifying epoxy/acrylic coating systems was investigated. The separation of pigments was determined basing on their properties and the type of additives used and was expressed as a factor determining the separation of the pigments between the upper and bottom layer. The pigment distribution coefficient was calculated basing on the colour difference between the upper and bottom layer as well as by means of the XRF method.     

Application of multi‐flux theory based on Mie scattering to the problem of modeling the optical characteristics of colored pigmented paint films

Multi‐flux theory for multiple scattering calculations in pigmented/protective coating is described. Performance evaluation of the theory is made by comparing theoretically computed reflectance with experimentally measured ones for selected wavelengths for three different paint samples. Diffuse reflectance spectra for hypothetical particulate systems in visible spectral range are generated through computer calculations. Effect of variation in average pigment size and pigment size distribution on reflectance spectra is studied. Overall thrust of morphological characteristics of pigments on the color exhibited by paint dispersion is studied by calculating CIE color and color‐difference parameters of particulate systems. Results show that a very complex relationship exists between the morphological characteristics of pigments and color exhibited by the system. The outcome of the study is important for applications in paint, coating, and plastic industries. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Col Res Appl, 26, 234–245, 2001     

包核法对有机颜料改性技术进展

综述了近年来包核法技术在有机颜料改性方面的进展,重点介绍了有机包核颜料的制备机理,以及以S iO2、TiO2和其他一些无机物对有机颜料进行包覆的实例。对有机包核颜料的应用前景进行了展望。     

聚氨酯改性高氯化聚乙烯热反射涂料

研制了聚氨酯改性高氯化聚乙烯热反射涂料。介绍了该涂料的配方及其性能指标。讨论了涂料用基料树脂和颜填料对热反射率的影响。试验结果表明,涂料的热反射率与面漆所用的基料和颜填料、面漆膜厚有关,与是否使用铝粉底漆无关。     

耐热涂料用颜料的选择

综述了耐热涂料用颜料的特性要求 ,提出了颜料的选择方法和颜料在耐热涂料中的应用     

Application of nanostructured titanium dioxide pigments in paper coating: a comparison between prepared and commercially available ones

Nano-TiO₂ pigments in pure crystallographic anatase and rutile phases have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal at 120°C and hydrolysis methods, respectively. The laboratory-prepared pigments were characterized parallel to two commercial pigments of the same crystal structure. All pigments were applied in paper coating mixtures, and their influence on coated paper properties was systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction investigation showed that the laboratory-prepared pigments using the hydrothermal method at 120°C were pure anatase, whereas hydrolysis method produced pure rutile phase pigment. The application of the prepared nanopigments and the corresponding commercial TiO₂ phases in paper coating revealed that clay/rutile nano-TiO₂ pigments in paper coating mixture decreased coated paper roughness more than blending clay with anatase nano-TiO₂ pigments. Commercial nano-TiO₂ pigments increased porosity of coated paper at both the 30% and 50% addition of nano-TiO₂ pigments to clay, while laboratory-prepared nano-TiO₂ pigments highly decreased it at 30% addition of nano-TiO₂ to clay, compared to clay only. Blending of clay/nano-TiO₂ pigments improved both brightness and opacity of the coated paper where commercial pigments are more effective. Burst, tensile strength, stretching, and TEA were improved in the case of all pigments. The 50% addition of the prepared and commercial nanopigments in conjunction with clay improved the mechanical coated paper properties more than 30% addition (except the cases of stretching and TEA of the commercial pigments). The coated paper samples were offset printed. It was found that blending of clay/nano-TiO₂ pigments improved print density. Commercial nano-TiO₂ pigments improved print gloss more than the laboratory-prepared ones. This result was found consistent with the results of coated paper roughness.     

粉体材料在涂料中的应用技术Ⅰ

涂料用颜填料、粉体助剂和纳米材料统称粉体材料。本文重点介绍不同结构及性能的颜填料组合后的复配改性技术和协同增效技术,有效地提升涂料配方设计水平和涂料产品应用效能,为科学合理地选择颜填料提出了指导性的可操作方法。