湿法冶金中锌的萃取工艺研究进展

本文主要综述了国内外近些年对锌萃取的大量基础性研究,对不同种类的锌萃取剂进行了简要介绍。介绍了近些年热点研究的新的萃取工艺和萃取技术。并对工业上不同的锌的原料的萃取过程和方法进行介绍了相关介绍。对锌萃取工艺的工业应用前景进行了评述。     

萃取剂在湿法磷酸净化中的选择性研究

实验考查了4种萃取剂(正丁醇、TBP、正辛醇、MIBK)对磷酸、阳离子及阴离子的选择性,比较了这几种萃取剂对湿法磷酸萃取的效果,用TBP作为主剂萃取的湿法磷酸产品的各项指标均达到合格产品质量要求,实验结果为湿法磷酸的萃取工艺奠定了应用基础。     

溶剂萃取含酚废水及萃取剂的选择

含酚废水是来源广泛而危害严重的工业废水。随着钢铁、炼油、石油化工、塑料合成纤维等工业的发展,含酚废水的种类与数量日益增加,这些废水毒性很大,如不经处理或处理不妥而排入江河就会严重污染水源,给人民健康、农业以及渔业生产带来极大危害。酚类物质的萃取回收也可以达到化害为利、变废为宝、综合利用的目的。一、脱酚方法及萃取脱酚法的特点目前对含酚废水的处理方法,有磺化煤法,活性炭吸附法,化学沉淀法,化学氧化法,活性污泥生化法,离子交换法,溶剂萃取法等多种。工业上处理高浓度含酚废水往往需要用多种方法,几套设备相互配合才能达到要求。     

草酸的溶剂萃取研究

实验中首先考察了几种常用萃取剂对草酸、氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、轻基乙酸的萃取分配比，依实验结果，选择ＴＢＰ作草酸的萃取剂，可达到草酸与羟基乙酸分离的目的。当萃取剂组成为５０％ＴＢＰ－５０％磺化煤油时，萃取反应过程的热效应为－１８．５ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ，据此确定了萃取过程应在室温下进行。由草酸萃取等温平衡线，求得２２℃下萃取过程理论级数为４级。     

湿法磷酸的净化脱氟新工艺研究

为对湿法磷酸进行净化脱氟,用胺类溶剂作萃取剂,煤油作稀释剂,对湿法磷酸进行了溶剂萃取脱氟的工艺研究,实验重点研究了萃取剂的浓度,酸化时酸的浓度及萃取温度对胶氟效率的影响,结果表明,若胺在萃取剂中浓度为15％,用50％－75％的硫酸酸化后,在40－60℃时萃取,有很好的脱氟效果。     

复合萃取剂在微分散萃取湿法磷酸中的应用

本文采用名义孔径为20μm的烧结网作为分散介质,以水/磷酸/TBP+异丙醚和水/磷酸/TBP+煤油作为体系,研究了相比、磷酸质量分数、流量对萃取率及单级效率的影响。实验结果表明:水/磷酸/TBP+异丙醚体系的萃取率与单级效率优于水/磷酸/TBP+煤油体系。相比对萃取率及单级效率的影响较大;磷酸质量分数对萃取率的影响较大,对单级效率的影响较小;而流量对二者的影响均较小。以TBP+异丙醚为复合萃取剂,在流量为1000mL/min,磷酸质量分数为50%,相比为4∶1时,萃取率可达44.40%,单级效率83.32%,反萃率80.21%。     

铜湿法冶金现状及发展趋势

随着铜矿石开采品位逐年下降,难处理矿石逐渐增加以及二氧化硫造成的环境污染越来越严重,近年来人们对湿法炼铜（＂浸出—萃取—电积＂技术）给予了很大的关注。就目前数种湿法冶金方法进行评述对比,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

钨湿法冶金中带有长链交联剂的阴离子交换剂的吸附性能研究

The macroporous anion exchangers with long-chained cross-linking agents were investigated for the tungsten recovery from salt solutions. The physical-chemical characteristics of these sorbents were studied by means of sorption-desorption experiment aswell as electron and IR-spectroscopy. The anion exchangers on the basis of macroporous copolymers of methylacrylate and divinyl-ester of diethyleneglycol or tetravinyl-ester of pentaerythritol possess the exchange capacity to tungsten 2--5 times greater than the porous anion exchangers on the basis of styrene and divinylbenzene, therefore they can be used for selective tungsten recovery from comulex salt solutions.     

湿法提纯冶金硅中的废酸回收

介绍湿法提纯冶金级硅废酸回收的方法,经实验和生产表明该方法能有效回收废酸,控制网收酸中的颗粒杂质和离子浓度在一个合理的范尉,并能利用于下一次湿法提纯中。     

汽油萃取脱硫技术研究进展

随着汽车保有量的增加和环保要求越来越严格,石油燃烧产生的硫化物污染问题备受关注,石油脱硫技术成为研究热点。从有机溶剂和离子液体两种萃取剂的研究现状出发,阐述了反应温度、萃取时间、剂油比以及稀释剂对汽油脱硫效果的影响,展望了汽油萃取脱硫技术的发展趋势。     

湿法炼铜常用的铜萃取剂

概述了湿法炼铜中常用的铜萃取剂种类,主要包括：肟类、β-二酮类、三元胺类和复配类等。肟类主要包括酮肟和醛肟,复配类主要讲述了酮肟与醛肟的复配、酮肟复配、肟与β-二酮的复配以及肟与其它化合物的复配。详细介绍了各种萃取剂的性能、结构及用途。同时介绍了国内外研制的几种新型萃取剂的结构及性能。     

溶剂微胶囊--现代萃取技术发展的核心之一

从溶剂微胶囊的制备及应用两方面较为全面地综述了溶剂微胶囊技术的发展,并总结了其特点,提出技术展望。溶剂微胶囊技术是微胶囊技术与萃取技术相结合而发展起来的新型分离技术,溶剂微胶囊具有萃淋树脂可以有效避免乳化和分相容易等优点,而在萃取剂包覆量和防止萃取剂流失方面,具有更明显的优势。     

快速溶剂萃取技术在有机污染物监测中的应用

快速溶剂萃取（ASE）是固体物质中污染物监测的一种样品前处理技术,它根据溶质在不同溶剂中溶解度不同,在较高的温度和压力下选择合适的溶剂,高效、快速地萃取固体或半固体样品中的待测物。阐述了ASE的技术性能和特点,分析了该技术在水环境监测中的应用,探讨了水体有机污染物监测技术的发展前景。     

Application of Ionic Liquids in Hydrometallurgy

Ionic liquids, low temperature molten salts, have various advantages manifesting themselves as durable and environmentally friendly solvents. Their application is expanding into various fields including hydrometallurgy due to their unique properties such as non-volatility, inflammability, low toxicity, good ionic conductivity, and wide electrochemical potential window. This paper reviews previous literatures and our recent results adopting ionic liquids in extraction, synthesis and processing of metals with an emphasis on the electrolysis of active/light, rare earth, and platinum group metals. Because the research and development of ionic liquids in this area are still emerging, various, more fundamental approaches are expected to popularize ionic liquids in the metal manufacturing industry.     

离子交换膜电解技术在湿法冶金中的应用

离子交换膜电解技术在湿法冶金中有广阔的应用前景，工艺技术的开发及离子膜电解槽的设计是实践该技术工业化的两个关键因素，本文综述了离子交换膜电解技术在矿物浸出，金属化合物处理，纯金属制备，废液处理等湿法冶金领域的研究现状及离子膜电解槽的开发情况，展望了该技术的发展方向。     

溶剂萃取法在含油污泥处理中的应用与研究进展

介绍了溶剂萃取法在含油污泥处理中的应用及相关研究进展,阐述了影响萃取效果的因素,介绍了萃取过程的机理与相关工艺技术.根据溶剂萃取法的特点,分析了其在含油污泥处理中的应用前景并对溶剂萃取技术的发展提出了相关建议.     

Solvent Extraction Studies of Holmium with Acidic Extractants

Abstract

Liquid-liquid extraction studies of holmium with 2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid mono-2-ethylhexyl ester, naphthenic, and Versatic 10 acids have been carried out. The nature of the extracted species and the extraction equilibrium constants of these systems have been determined from aqueous nitrate solution. The extraction mechanism and complexation models have been proposed.     

废旧铅蓄电池中铅的湿法回收

对废旧铅蓄电池采用分离－溶浸－电解工艺回收铅，可产出纯度为９９．９％以上的铅，该工艺投资小，成本低，无环境污染，经济效益和社会效益显著，具有广泛的应用前景。     

Solvent extraction of uranium from acidic sulfate media by Alamine® 336: computer simulation and optimization of the flow‐sheets

BACKGROUND: A series of nine conventional and non‐conventional flow‐sheets have been considered for the recovery of uranium from acidic sulfate solution by liquid–liquid extraction with 0.146 mol L^?1 Alamine^® 336 in kerosene modified with 5% w/w 1‐tridecanol and stripping with a 199 g L^?1 Na₂CO₃ solution. The reference flow‐sheet was a classical counter‐current configuration with four mixers–settlers in the extraction stage and three mixers–settlers in the stripping stage. The others flow‐sheets possessing a total of eight mixers–settlers are unusual combined solvent extraction flow‐sheets with one or two independent extraction stripping loops and with one or two feed inlets. RESULTS: The configuration of the flow‐sheets strongly influences the extraction performance of the process depending on the working conditions (feed, stripping and solvent flow rates). The presence of two independent extraction–stripping loops may allow the delay of the saturation phenomenon encountered in the conventional flow‐sheet and thus, to operate at higher feed flow rates without loss of performance, as far as the residual fraction in the raffinate and the concentration factor in the stripping solution are concerned. Furthermore, the presence of a modification in the non‐conventional flow‐sheets with two independent extraction–stripping loops and two feed inlets leads to interesting configurations for uranium recovery from less concentrated solutions, such as heap leach solutions. CONCLUSION: The use of non‐conventional flow‐sheets is interesting as it allows the process of uranium (VI) recovery by liquid–liquid extraction to be improved. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry