补偿回弹的冲压件模具设计方法

回弹是金属板料冲压中的主要缺陷之一,它可以通过修正模具形状加以解决.基于对经过成形--回弹的有限元数值模拟,提出一种循环位移补偿回弹修正模具型面的方法.它基于对经过成形--回弹有限元数值模拟得到的成形工件与目标工件多次循环比较,用成形工件结点回弹位移修正实验模具形状,直到利用修正的模具能够换获得满意的工件为止.利用此方法对一小型三维铝合金板料冲压工件的冲压模具设计过程进行了数值模拟,结果表明,通过两次修正的模具可获得满意工件.并根据模拟得到的型面制作模具进行了实冲实验,证明此补偿回弹的模具修正法是有效的.     

板材多点成形回弹补偿与控制的方法研究

基于数值模拟的结果,提出了修正基本体群成形面补偿回弹,获得精确形状零件的方法,并描述了该方法的主要步骤。曲面重构是修正时关键问题之一,对简单曲面文章先拟合B样条曲线,再利用曲线扫掠的方法生成曲面,对复杂曲面则直接拟合B样条曲面,以保证曲面的光滑性。抛物面件和球面件多点成形的应用结果表明,该方法可以很好地补偿多点成形中的回弹。     

板材冲压成形回弹模拟的评述

回弹是板材成形过程中不可避免的一个普遍现象,直接影响到冲压件的尺寸精度和零件最终形状.因此,回弹模拟是板材成形过程模拟中的一个关键问题,也是最为棘手的问题.本文在系统地归纳了国内外众多学者在应用有限元技术进行回弹模拟研究的基础上,对回弹模拟的历史发展、回弹模拟的计算方法、影响回弹模拟的主要因素以及回弹的预测和补偿等方面作了详尽的论述,对回弹模拟研究有着很好的参考价值与指导意义.     

板料自由弯曲成形及回弹理论解析

对宽板自由弯曲成形及弹复过程进行理论分析,将弯曲过程分为板料未包覆凸模和已包覆凸模两个成形阶段,在每个成形阶段将弯曲板料分为弹性和弹塑性变形区。基于单向应力和小变形假设,分别建立了两个成形阶段的回弹计算模型,导出了任一成形阶段中性层上任一质点卸载前后的转角和弯曲半径数学表达式。基于VC++软件平台,对回弹计算模型进行编程计算,并进行了实验验证,计算结果与实验结果吻合较好,最大误差为0.58°。     

3D复杂形状板料冲压成形回弹误差补偿方法及其实验验证

针对冲压件回弹误差,建立了3D复杂形状板料冲压成形精度闭环控制系统。以回弹误差为控制目标,以线性闭环控制系统、空间Fourier变换和频域传递函数为理论基础,基于模具实验迭代,建立了模具回弹误差补偿修正算法。该算法接收模具和冲压件的激光扫描测量数据,输出模具型面修正后离散数据。利用提出的频域模具修正算法对回弹现象较为严重的弯曲和浅拉深过程,进行了回弹误差补偿的有效性验证。实验结果表明,该算法可以较好地控制板料冲压成形回弹误差,具有工程使用价值。     

板材无压边多点成形中回弹的数值模拟

回弹是板材无压边多点成形中必须解决的问题。本文采用显一隐式算法,对回弹进行数值模拟,采用动态显式算法模拟板材成形过程,隐式算法模拟卸载回弹过程。对不同板厚、不同变形量的圆柱面、球面、马鞍面的无压边多点成形过程进行数值模拟,得出了回弹趋势和回弹分布,这些结果对多点成形技术的工程应用,具有重要的参考价值和指导意义。     

基于数值模拟的板料冲压成形回弹补偿方法

板料冲压中的回弹误差可以通过修正模具形状得到解决。基于冲压及回弹数值模拟,以控制系统、傅立叶变换及传递函数为理论基础,提出了一种模具回弹补偿的修正算法并开发了springbackcom系统。该方法通过两组小量变化的模具及其数值模拟得到回弹前后冲压件,建立模具形状传递函数,修正模具形状。利用此方法对某车引擎盖冲压过程进行了数值模拟及回弹补偿的实例验证,分析结果证明此回弹补偿方法是有效的,具有工程实用价值。     

Key performance indicators for sheet metal forming processes

Sheet metal forming is a typical process in the manufacturing industry. It is well established, e.g. for the production of car body components or consumer goods. Suppliers of Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) produce a wide range of products in different dimensions, varying batch sizes and geometries. For the production process itself, there are multiple configurations regarding the selection of technologies, machines and tools to be used. In order to meet the market’s requirements and to be highly competitive, the complete process chain needs to be optimized. The main challenge for the optimization of the process chain is the simultaneous consideration of technical and organizational parameters. The relevant key performance indicators (KPIs) have to be identified and used to support the decision-making process for production planning purposes. In this article a method to identify the relevant KPI is described and relevant indicators were proposed.     

板料多步冲压回弹的数值模拟研究

回弹是板料冲压成形过程中一种常见但很难解决的现象。首先研究了板料弯曲变形中卸载回弹的原理,然后以依维柯侧壁上内板为例,采用动态和静态算法相结合的方法,在考虑每道工序板料回弹的基础上,对其进行多步冲压回弹的数值模拟,最后对模拟结果和实验结果进行比较,验证该模拟方法提高回弹计算精度的有效性,为板料冲压成形工艺的制定提供科学依据。     

基于动态显式算法的薄板冲压成形回弹量工程估算研究

采用动态显式算法仿真了LDH (LimitingDomeHeight)实验的成形与回弹过程 ,确定了冲压后薄板回弹量与压边力、材料特性和冲压高度之间的关系曲线 ,分析了脱模前成形件内的能量和等效应力 ,以及脱模后由于成形件发生回弹导致的薄板内能量和等效应力的变化情况。计算结果表明 ,纯显式算法对于回弹量的计算是可以保证一定精度的。     

板材多点成形与模具成形过程的比较研究

利用有限元方法对板材模具成形和多点成形的变形特点进行了分析,并在此基础上就不同成形方法对起皱的抑制作用进行了对比,确定了不同成形方法起皱开始发生时的临界曲率及临界厚向应变。结果表明：多点压机成形方法能够得到比多点模具成形和整体模具成形时变形程度更大且厚度变化更加均匀的制品。     

In-situ springback compensation in incremental sheet forming

Limited geometric accuracy in incremental sheet forming is a major obstacle for its wide adoption in industry. This paper develops a generic methodology, suitable for arbitrary part geometries and various ISF processes, for addressing one of the main causes of geometric inaccuracy, i.e., in-process springback. The methodology consists of three main elements: determination of key control points to treat geometric complexity, simplified simulation models to predict springback offline, and in-situ toolpath modification during forming. It is shown experimentally that the method provides an efficient and robust solution for various geometries with negligible setup cost.     

Mechanisms for controlling springback and strength in heat-assisted sheet forming

The recently developed multi-step sheet forming technology with inductive in-situ heating serves to increase the productivity and to reduce costs compared to hot stamping with furnace heating. The paper reveals the mechanisms for the flexible setting of geometric and mechanical properties such as the bending angle and strength in terms of a closed loop control. The air and die bending as representative forming processes are analyzed with respect to the mechanisms overbending, springback and thermal distortion by experimental, numerical, and analytical investigations. The mechanisms for controlling strength in carbon steels by grain refinement, grain growth and cooling rate are described.     

板料冲压成形回弹的有限元数值模拟研究

随着对冲压件的尺寸精度要求的不断提高,精确预测给定冲压件的回弹量大小及分布显得非常重要。采用无模法模拟卸载回弹过程时,需要以加载成形后的应力为基础。本文给出了加载成形中的应力计算方法,并采用无模法建立了卸载回弹的计算模型。文中提出一种不同于传统的初始单元弹性化处理的方法,提高了回弹的计算精度。研究了卸载因子的取值规律对回弹计算的影响。利用自行开发的软件SheetForm模拟分析NUMISHEET’93标准考题中U型件深冲压的回弹情况,验证了该方法的有效性。     

Applications of simulation techniques to sheet metal forming processes

Sheet metal forming is one of the most widely used processes in manufacturing. Traditional die design practice based on trial and error method is time consuming and expensive. For this reason, the simulation technique based on Finite Element Method (FEM) becomes more popular to develop and optimize die design. Two FE codes for the analysis of the sheet metal forming processes are presented in this paper. The one is a two dimensional implicit code named KSHELL, and the other is a three dimensional explicit code, ES-FORM. Draw bending, tube inversion and spring back processes were simulated by KSHELL. Three point bending, automotive panel stamping and square cup drawing with Tailor Welded Blanks (TWB) were simulated by ESFORM. The simulation results are discussed by comparing with experimental measurements.     

U形件拉深成形回弹影响因素的计算机仿真(英文)

回弹是板料冲压成形中的主要缺陷之一 ,控制回弹涉及到回弹量的准确预算。利用DANAFORM软件 ,对U形件拉深成形回弹影响因素进行了计算机仿真 ,得到了压边力、凸凹模间隙、摩擦系数、材料特性等参数对回弹影响的数值结果 ,并对模拟结果进行了分析。     

拉深筋对板料成形回弹影响研究

利用Dynaform软件,对某车型右前侧车门铰链加强板三维模型进行数值模拟,重点对板料成形质量中不等截面拉深筋的影响进行分析,通过改变不等截面拉深筋的拉深阻力来改善板料的成形质量,得出合理的拉深筋参数。根据不等截面拉深筋阻力的大小和分布情况,通过拉深阻力模型来对拉深筋几何参数反求,获得不等截面拉深筋的实际分布情况。比较不同拉深阻力的回弹结果,得出最有效的控制回弹的方法是不等截面拉深筋。     

Tooling concepts to speed up incremental sheet forming

A major drawback of asymmetric incremental sheet forming (AISF) is the long cycle time. AISF is known in general as forming of a sheet metal by only one small forming zone. The developed concepts presented in this paper aim at decreasing the main process time by applying several forming zones on the part through multiple tools working in parallel. By the use of a systematic design process, four major structural tooling concepts were invented. Those variants were compared to each other by a cost-utility analysis. As a result, a prototype with two tools was produced to fasten the AISF process.     

一种带有回弹补偿的钛合金钣金热成形工艺

钛合金零件热成形后的型面回弹是钛合金钣金成形工艺中亟待解决的重要问题。文章针对典型的钛合金弯曲类零件,采用数值解析法与几何修正法确定零件回弹前的型面尺寸,并在此基础上设计带有回弹补偿的热成形模具。结合工艺试验确认并优化了相关热成形工艺参数,有效控制了钛合金零件热成形过程的外形精度,实现了零件的精确成形。