热浸镀锌铝镁钢板镀层组织及腐蚀性能研究

锌铝镁镀层钢板比普通的镀锌钢板具有更加优异的耐腐蚀性能,本研究利用热镀锌模拟器在实验室制备了热浸镀锌铝镁合金镀层钢板,利用扫描电子显微镜SEM观察了镀层表面及截面的微观组织,利用能谱EDS进行了微区成分分析;利用电子探针EPMA对镀层的表面及截面进行了元素分布分析,利用盐雾试验方法对锌铝镁镀层钢板的耐腐蚀性能进行了研究,利用X射线衍射分析了镀层及镀层盐雾试验腐蚀产物的物相组成。结果表明,热浸镀锌铝镁镀层钢板比普通镀锌板具有更加细致的组织,镀层主要由MgZn2与含Al富锌相构成的共晶相和MgZn2组成,另外还存在一些粒状富铝相和块状富锌相,Zn-Al-Mg镀层比普通镀锌板具有更强的耐腐蚀性能,最后分析了锌铝镁镀层钢板的耐盐雾腐蚀机理。     

Al55%-Zn合金镀层钢板组织与腐蚀特性

研究了国产热浸镀Ａｌ５５％－Ｚｎ合金钢板组织结构、腐蚀行为及防蚀机理。试验结果表明，合金镀层组织是由含富铝相（α）、富锌相（β）的外层和以ＦｅＡｌ３（θ）、α－ＦｅＡｌＳｉ（Ｈ）化合物为主要相成分的内层构成。这种合金镀层是一种阳极性镀层，具有与热镀锌层相似的电化学保护作用。由于铝元素的合金化作用和Ａｌ３＋离子的掺杂效应，使镀层的腐蚀速度明显减小，仅为热镀锌层的１／４～１／６。     

客车钢板合金化镀层对防腐性能的影响

研究了不同锌铁合金化工艺对ST14钢的镀层及镀层对腐蚀的影响，用光学显微镜观察了合金化层的组织形貌，用X射线衍射方法分析了合金化层表面的相组成，用电位差仪测量了电位，并进行了盐雾腐蚀实验。结果表明：不同工艺的合金化层分别为Г＋δ1相和Г＋δ1＋ξ相；表面化学成分分别为FeZn7和FeZn7＋FeZn11；合金化层的电位分别为-920和-900mV左右，比ST14钢板的电位-620mV小，可作为阳极性涂层对钢铁基体起保护作用。锌铁合金化后的ST14防腐蚀性能远远超过ST14，且单相（61）较之双相（δ1＋ξ）有更好的防腐能力。     

3种低碳钢锌锅板在450℃铁饱和锌液中的腐蚀行为

热镀锌时熔融锌液对低碳钢制作的锌锅具有较强腐蚀性。选用3种国内常用锌锅用材SAE1006,XG05和XG08,通过腐蚀失重、金相显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）和能谱仪（EDS）等研究其在450℃铁饱和锌液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明:3种锌锅板材耐锌液腐蚀性均较好,且XG05和XG08优于SAE1006;3种锌锅板的镀层生长规律相似,浸镀层和δ相层拟合的生长速率时间指数/值均接近0.5;锌层微观组织相似,从基体向外依次为破碎的T-Fe₅Zn₂₁层、厚而致密的δ-FeZn₁₀层和薄的ξ-FeZn₁₃层,浸锌72 h后ξ相几乎消失,整个镀层主要由δ相组成。     

镀层厚度对热镀锌热轧板耐蚀性的影响

为模拟热镀锌板的实际使用情况,以剪裁后不同镀层厚度的热镀锌热轧板为研究对象,采用光学显微镜(OM)观察镀锌前后基体组织,通过中性盐雾试验分析镀层厚度对热镀锌热轧板产生白锈和红锈的影响规律。结果表明:在腐蚀过程中,腐蚀沿镀层由四周向内部扩展,同时由钢基体向表面扩展和锌层表面向内部扩展;随着镀层厚度增加,腐蚀扩展时间增长导致腐蚀时间增长,热镀锌板抗白锈能力增强,意味着耐蚀寿命增加;但抗白锈能力与镀层厚度呈非线性关系,涂层较厚时,通过增加镀层厚度提高热镀锌板抗白锈能力的效率降低。     

锌浴温度对0.49%Si活性钢热浸镀锌层组织的影响

研究了高硅钢(0.49%Si,质量分数)在不同浸镀温度(440,480,520,560,600℃)和不同浸镀时间(1,3,5,10min)下的热镀锌试样镀层组织,探讨了浸镀温度和浸锌时间对镀层组织的影响。SEM/EDS结果表明:440℃和480℃热镀锌,镀层由薄而连续δ层和破碎的块状ζ相组成,无Γ相。ζ相生长过快,镀层过厚、灰暗、黏附性差,镀层生长主要由界面反应机制控制;520℃热镀锌时,镀层由极薄的Γ层、致密δk层和疏松的δp层组成,镀层生长主要受扩散机制控制;560℃和600℃镀锌时,镀层为Γ层和致密的δ相层,部分δ粒子弥散分布在η层中,镀层生长为扩散机制控制并伴随有显著的δ溶解过程。最佳高温镀锌温度应在520~560℃。     

耐指纹处理热浸镀铝锌硅钢板的耐盐雾腐蚀性能

为了探讨热浸镀铝锌硅钢板不同镀层质量、耐指纹处理与否、表面是否划X线不同条件下的耐盐雾腐蚀性能,利用扫描电镜观察了镀层的微观组织、腐蚀形貌,分析了腐蚀产物成分;利用X射线衍射分析了腐蚀产物的物相。结果表明：镀层厚度与耐盐雾腐蚀性能呈正相关关系;耐指纹处理极大地提高了镀层的抗腐蚀能力,出现红锈的时间大于5000h;耐指纹...     

热浸镀层的海水全浸腐蚀行为研究

在舟山站进行了锌铝合金镀层的海水全浸腐蚀试验,失重腐蚀测试结果表明,其腐蚀深度随全浸时间按抛物线规律变化。XRD和EPMA分析结果表明,镀层表面的钙质沉积层与镀层金属的腐蚀产物及其凝聚的粘土胶体一起构成的复杂的腐蚀产物层,抑制了镀层腐蚀的传质过程和受扩散控制的氧去极化作用,从而使锌铝合金镀层表现出优异的耐海水腐蚀性能。     

Q235钢热浸渗铝层的组织结构和耐高温腐蚀性能

分析了Q235钢渗铝层的显微组织,并对其耐高温氧化和热腐蚀性能进行了研究。能谱分析（EDS）结果表明,热浸渗铝层由表层纯铝层和内层η相（Fe2Al5)组成,经扩散退火后,渗层组织由表及里依次出现η相（Fe2Al5)、ζ相（FeAl2)、β2相（FeAl)、β1相（Fe3Al)和固溶体α相。高温氧化和热腐蚀试验结果表明,渗铝Q235钢的耐高温氧化性能和1Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢相当,而耐热腐蚀性能明显优于后者。     

稀土、铝、镁对热镀锌基合金镀层耐蚀性能的影响

为得到耐蚀性较高的多元合金镀层,在Al-Zn,Zn-Mg镀液中加入了Re,Al,Mg元素,获得了7种热镀锌层.通过全浸加速腐蚀试验、盐雾加速腐蚀试验(NSS)和电化学试验(Tafel,EIS),研究了加入元素对热镀锌基合金镀层耐蚀性能的影响,并初步探讨了镀层的耐蚀作用机理.结果表明:Re,Al,Mg均能提高锌基镀层的耐...     

Corrosion behaviour of hot dip zinc and zinc-aluminium coatings on steel in seawater

A comparative investigation of hot dip Zn-25Al alloy, Zn-55Al-Si and Zn coatings on steel was performed with attention to their corrosion performance in seawater. The results of 2-year exposure testing of these at Zhoushan test site are reported here. In tidal and immersion environments, Zn-25Al alloy coating is several times more durable than zinc coating of double thickness. At long exposure times, corrosion rate for the Zn-25Al alloy coating remains indistinguishable from that for the Zn-55Al-Si coating of similar thickness in tidal zone, and is two to three times lower than the latter in immersion zone. The decrease in tensile strength suggested that galvanized and Zn-55Al-Si coated steel suffer intense pitting corrosion in immersion zone. The electrochemical tests showed that all these coatings provide cathodic protection to the substrate metal; the galvanic potentials are equal to −1,050, −1,025 and −880 mV (SCE) for zinc, Zn-25Al alloy and Zn-55Al-Si coating, respectively, which are adequate to keep the steel inside the immunity region. It is believed that the superior performance of the Zn-25Al alloy coating is due to its optimal combination of the uniform corrosion resistance and pitting corrosion resistance. The inferior corrosion performance by comparison of the Zn coating mainly results from its larger dissolution rate, while the failure of the Zn-55Al-Si coating is probably related to its higher susceptibility to pitting corrosion in seawater.     

微量Sc和Zr对Al—Az—Mg合金组织与性能的影响

采用铸锭冶金法制备了Al-6.2Zn-2.0Mg-0.25Zr和Al-6.2Zn-2.0Mg合金,测试不同处理态的拉伸力学性能。利用金相显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究其不同处理态的显微组织,结果表明：添加微量Sc和Zr可明显细化合金的铸态晶粒,并显著提高Al-Zn-Mg合金的力学性能,其作用机理主要为Al3(Sc,Zr)造成的细晶强化,亚结构强化和弥散强化。     

Effect of temperature and reactivity of molten 55Al–Zn alloy on Co based alloy coatings

Abstract

The short service life of bearings in galvanising industry is a result of a complex set of deterioration mechanisms. This work addressed the effect of temperature and molten bath reactivity on the material of the bearings respectively. Three commercial alloys, the Co–Cr–W Stellite 6 and Co–Cr–Mo–Si Tribaloy (T400 and T800) alloy systems, were deposited by plasma transferred arc on AISI 316L plates. Coatings were evaluated for the effect of temperature exposure on hardness, microstructure and sliding abrasive wear. The reactivity with the molten 55Al–Zn alloy was assessed by immersion tests in an industrial bath. Results showed that exposure at 600°C for 168 h resulted in an increase in hardness, microstructure changes and loss of wear resistance for the Stellite 6 coatings. A superior performance to temperature was shown by Tribaloy T800 with a stable abrasive wear resistance. The three alloys exhibited a strong reactivity with the 55Al–Zn molten bath. An intermetallic layer formed on the coatings as the Al from the bath reacted with elements from the Co based alloys. This reactivity consumed the coatings, causing a reduction on thickness particularly on those processed with the T800 alloy.     

不同应变率下MgAlZnY合金的拉伸性能与断口研究

利用材料试验机开展了室温拉伸实验,在0.001,0.1,0.6s-1不同应变率下,研究了Mg3Al1Zn2Y,Mg3Al2Zn2Y与Mg3Al6Zn2Y合金流动应力的应变率敏感性,其大小为Mg3Al2Zn2YMg3Al1Zn2YMg3Al6Zn2Y。基于分形理论和计算机图像处理技术,结合扫描电镜分析,研究了合金断裂特征,结果表明:合金在不同应变率拉伸下的断口分形行为显著,分形维数可将断口的韧脆性与形貌特征联系起来,分形维数越大,合金塑性相对越好,合金越倾向于延性断裂,断口形貌也越复杂;三种合金断裂特性的应变率敏感性大小为Mg3Al2Zn2YMg3Al6Zn2YMg3Al1Zn2Y,且表现出正负不同的应变率效应。     

Microstructure Characteristics of Interaction Layer of Zn-Al Eutectic Alloy with Al2Oap/6061Al Composites

The interaction between Zn-Al eutectic alloy and Al2O3p/6061Al composites in the vacuum furnace was investigated. Great attention has been paid to the elements diffusion, the microstructure and formation of the interface between Zn-Al eutectic alloy and Al2O3p/6061Al composites. Experimental results show that Zn-Al eutectic alloy has a good wetting ability to Al2O3p/6061 Al composites and the wetting angle decreases with increasing the temperature in vacuum. After the interaction,an interaction layer forms between Zn-Al alloy and Al2Oap/6061 Al composites. The phases in the interaction layer mainly consist of α-Al(Zn), Al2O3 and CuZns resulted from the diffusion of elements from the Zn-Al alloy. Several porosities distribute in the region near the interface of the Zn-Al alloy/interaction layer. The amount of shrinkage voids in the interacting layer is relevant to the penetration of Zn element into Al2O3p/6061Al composites which is a function of temperature. So it is necessary to lower heating temperature in order to limit the Zn penetration.     

Microstructure Characteristics of Interaction Layer of Zn-Al Eutectic Alloy with Al_2O_3p/6061Al Composites

The interaction between Zn-AI eutectic alloy and Al203p/6061AI composites in the vacuum furnace was investigated. Great attention has been paid to the elements diffusion, the microstructure and formation of the interface between Zn-AI eutectic alloy and Al2O3p/6061AI composites. Experimental results show that Zn-AI eutectic alloy has a good wetting ability to Al2O3p/6061 Al composites and the wetting angle decreases with increasing the temperature in vacuum. After the interaction, an interaction layer forms between Zn-AI alloy and Al2O3p/6061 Al composites. The phases in the interaction layer mainly consist of α-AI(Zn), Al2O3 and CuZn5 resulted from the diffusion of elements from the Zn-AI alloy. Several porosities distribute in the region near the interface of the Zn-AI alloy/interaction layer. The amount of shrinkage voids in the interacting layer is relevant to the penetration of Zn element into Al2O3p/6061Al composites which is a function of temperature. So it is necessary to lower heating temperat     

Reactive brazing of Al alloy to Mg alloy using zinc-based brazing alloy

According to the feature of Mg–Zn eutectic reaction, Al alloy was bonded to Mg alloy by contact reaction brazing using a zinc-based brazing alloy successfully. The experimental observations showed that Mg–Al intermetallic compounds were avoided for the addition of the zinc-based brazing alloy. The Mg substrate and the remanent brazing alloy were bonded with the reaction zone that formed along the zinc rich and magnesium poor interface. Only a few Mg–Zn intermetallic compounds (MgZn2) existed homogeneously in the reaction zone. The substrate and the remanent brazing alloy were bonded with a thin Al–Zn solution. The average tensile-shear strength of the final joints was a little lower than that of the zinc-based brazing alloy owning to some pores at the interface between the reaction zone and the remanent brazing alloy layer.     

Effect of Zn addition on primary silicon morphology and B distribution in Si–Al alloy

Si–Al–Zn alloy melts were used for silicon purification by the solvent refining process. The effect of metal Zn addition on alloy macrostructure, primary Si morphology, as well as B distribution in Si–Al alloy during solvent refining process was studied in this work. The three main results were as follows. First, with the increasing of Zn content in Si–Al alloy, the primary silicon changed from slender plate-like to irregular and short, meanwhile the distribution of primary silicon changed from bottom to central and top. Second, the more Zn content in Si–Al alloy, the more inclusions of eutectic melts will be in primary silicon, which results in diffusion difficulty of impurity B in inclusions. Third and last, with increasing Zn content, the refining ratio of B increased gradually and removal fraction of B decreased accordingly.     

Ultrasonic brazing of high fraction volume of SiC particulate reinforced aluminium matrix composites

Abstract

The ultrasonic brazing of 55 vol.-%SiC_p/A356 composites in air has been investigated. When the ultrasonic vibration is applied for 0·5 s, the oxide layer is still continuous at most places between the filler metal and the composites. As the ultrasonic action time increases, the oxide film sufficiently disappears in the bond region, resulting in the complete wetting of Zn–Al alloy with the composites and the significant mass transfer between the SiC/A356 and the Zn–Al alloy is observed. As the dissolving of the composites on the surface, the SiC particles in the base materials get into the bond metals in which reinforcements are distributed uniformly. The shear strength of bonds increases with the ultrasonic acting time.     

Dental gold alloys with age-hardenability at intraoral temperature

Dental gold alloys with age-hardenability at intraoral temperature were developed. Either 3 or 6 at% Ga, Al, Zn, In, Ni or Pd were added to an equiatomic AuCu alloy and the effect of additives on the low-temperature age-hardenability was examined. Alloys containing Ga, Al or Zn exhibited excellent low-temperature age-hardenability. The hardness of an alloy containing 6 at% Ga or 6 at% Al was doubled in one to ten days by ageing at 37 °C. Pronounced hardening was not demonstrated in an as-cast alloy, but solution treatment for only a few minutes provided enough age-hardenability. The age-hardening rate at low temperature related closely with the melting temperature of the alloy. Experimental gold alloys exhibited electrochemical behaviour similar to that of a commercial Type IV gold alloy. It is therefore concluded that AuCu alloy with added Ga, Al or Zn is expected to have enough age-hardenability and corrosion resistance for clinical use in the oral environment.