Prospects of improving the prediction of the hazard of rock bursts during tunneling

Conclusions The use of the standard prediction of burst hazard makes it possible to provide a decrease of nonproductive expenditures with the minimum necessary volumes of drilling exploratory holes.Along with its use, it is necessary to improve the prediction of burst hazard based on a three-stage prediction. This will provide safety of tunneling operations and will make it possible to take into account in greater detail the factors of burst hazard when designing and constructing underground hydraulic structures according to the selected technology.A decrease in the volume of exploratory core drilling and the possibility of automating the prediction of burst hazard will permit reducing the cost of such prediction and shorten the time of constructing hydrotechnical objects.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 23–26, July, 1987.     

Provision for operational reliability of water-development works at the Sayano-Shushenskaya HPP

Implementation of on-going monitoring at the HPP will make it possible to solve the problem of improving safe operation of the structures. Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel’stvo, No. 11, November 2008, pp. 19–24.     

Experience in planning and design works for reconstructing and modernizing the mechanical equipment of hydroelectric stations

Conclusion Timely works on reconstructing and modernizing equipment with consideration of the operating experience gained will make it possible to increase the reliability and life of structures and equipment. Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 17–20, October, 1997.     

Reliability of rock foundations of concrete dams and some recommendations on their assessment

Conclusions An analysis of the reliability of rock foundations of concrete dams can be useful and will make it possible to plan a more rational organization of observations and will yield useful material when planning surveying and design works.Translated from Gidrotektinicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 6, pp. 30–33, June, 1984.     

Geologic-engineering grounds for the layout solutions of the Auzhigersk hydroelectric power plant

Conclusions 1. A significant increase in the seismicity of the region - from 7 to 9 points - was accomplished essentially without implementing any measures to ensure the stability of the terminal section of the diversion channel, the daily-regulation basin, and the upper portion of the pressure conduit in the left bank alternate scheme of the Aushigersk hydroelectric project. 2. Measures implemented in the alternate right-bank scheme adopted provide for reliable stability of the structures. 3. The solution involving transfer of all structures of the Aushigersk hydroelectric plant to the right bank will make it possible to utilize fully the fall of the Cherek River in the section from the water intake of the uppermost hydroproject in the series to the mouth of the Kheu River. 4. Moreover, the series is partitioned into two stages with virtually equal heads of 90 and 91 m; this will make it possible to unify the powerhouses and equipment of both stations and to simplify the technicoeconomic indicators as compared with the previous design. 5. The alternate scheme implemented has made it possible to avoid the previously specified transfer of the diversion by aqueduct to the left bank of the Cherek River. 6. Washout of the bottom and exploited banks of of Kheu River were successfully avoided below the discharge channel of the hydroelectric plant in the alternate left-bank scheme with the passage of flows to 65 m³/sec. 7. Characteristic features of the development of slide processes were confired in the periglacial zones of glaciation during the latest glacial epoch and in the post-glacial period, which had been previously noted in the Kuban, Aksaut, Baksan, and other river valleys of the northern Caucasus. Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel’stvo, No. 4, pp. 58–63, April, 2000.     

Prediction of reworking of the banks of lower reservoirs of pumped-storage stations

Conclusion The method examined above of predicting the reworking of banks of the LR of a PSS similar to the LR of the Dnestr PSS does not claim completeness and rigorousness of the solution and, naturally, should be refined by data of subsequent onsite observations and investigations, which will make it possible to perfect both the calculation method itself and its theoretical basis.Translated fromGidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 2, pp. 16–21, February, 1989.     

Promising designs of fishways

Conclusion The use of the fishway designs given above will make it possible to increase the passage of spawners to spawning grounds and thereby to increase the number of valuable commercial fish species in inland water bodies.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 15–17, July, 1988.     

Intensification of freezing earth hydraulic structures by natural cold

Conclusion At the given stage the described suggestion has been substantiated by calculation, and therefore as the next stage it is necessary to conduct a full-scale experiment, which will make it possible to work out practical recommendations on using this suggestion when constructing earth dams and various embankments, when conducting maintenance and reconstruction works on industrial waste dumps, etc.The use of the proposed method will markedly reduce the time and cost of conducting construction and maintenance works.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 18–20, November, 1991.     

Automation of conveyor transport at the construction site of earth dams

Conclusions Automation of conveyor transport will make it possible to considerably increase the economic effect from using conveyor transport due to an increase of no-failure operation, increase of operating reliability, reduction of labor and energy resources, decrease of the time for detecting and eliminating emergency situations, reduction of the time of shutting down the borrow pit and equipment placing the materials in the dam because of failure of conveyor transport.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 18–21, September, 1987.     

Ecological aspects of seepage from canals

Conclusions When designing irrigation canals, including lined ones, it is necessary to take into account the ecological requirements (mainly the unit seepage losses, rise of the water table, and degree of permeability of the watertight linings), which will make it possible to provide a high efficiency of the canals and favorable ameliorative state of the irrigated territories.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 5, pp. 21–24, May, 1991.     

Possibilities of Use and Promising Layouts of Power Plants Employing Renewable Energy Sources in Arctic Regions of Russia

Possible volumes of the use of renewable energy sources in arctic regions of Russia are considered. With allowance for the climatic conditions and local consumers it is the most expedient to built wind-driven power plants in combination with diesels. Places of possible erection and capacities of wind-diesel plants with total output of 95 MW are presented. This will make it possible to reduce considerably the delivery of expensive diesel fuel (by 106,000 tons coal equivalent a year). The expected investment is estimated at 3.9 billion rubles. __________ Translated from Elektricheskie Stantsii, No. 8, July 2005, pp. 42 – 45.     

Possibilities of constructing hydroelectric stations — pumped storage stations in Armenia

Conclusions Reconstruction of the Gyumush HES into a HES-PSS will make it possible to additionally obtain a peak capacity of 160 MW, which has great significance both from the viewpoint of the effective use of existing structures and equipment and an increase of prompt flexibility of the power system.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 12, pp. 28–29, December, 1989.     

The 200-50R demountable suction dredge

Conclusions The analysis of results of operation and exhaustive tests of the new 200-50R demountable suction dredge demonstrated the efficiency and reliability of the adopted design and permitted recommending the mass production of this machine. Mass production of the 200-50R suction dredge started in 1979.Addition of demountable machines to the existing suction dredging equipment will make it possible to substantially expand the field of application of hydromechanization, and will undoubtedly constitute an appreciable factor in the raising of the earthwork mechanization level.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 9, pp. 12–15, September, 1980.     

Jointless assembly of the stator core of the generator at the Sayano-Shushenskoe hydroelectric station

Conclusions The use of jointless assembly of the stator considerably complicates installation of the unit. It is far faster and simpler to assemble the stator from individual ready-made sectors. It is impossible to create on the assembly floor conditions for providing the required quality of assembling a jointless stator. The entire assembly process was performed in temporary structures — tents — in which it is difficult, and at times impossible in the case of combined assembly of the stator and turbine, to maintain a constant temperature and to keep out dust and precipitation.So far the advantages of a jointless stator have not been determined since at present the assembled units have 50–60% of the rated load. It is impossible to make any practical conclusions about an increase of core life. The test engineers of Elektrosila repeatedly measured vibrations and other characteristics of the stator. The results are positive, they are being generalized. It will be possible to make final conclusions when the units are operating at full capacity, but theoretically the jointless stator is indisputably progressive.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 7, pp. 15–17, July, 1982.     

黄河下游河道大断面平滩流量推算新方法

为尽可能准确地计算黄河下游各河段尤其是瓶颈河段的平滩流量,推求了河道大断面平滩流量计算的新方法。结论认为：①用曼宁公式等方法计算诸如黄河下游河道这样的河流大断面的平滩流量会带来很大的偏差;②用相对水位流量关系来反映断面与绝对高程无关的水位流量关系,认为相对水位流量关系沿程是逐渐变化的;③提出了在汛期利用经过分析取舍后的出水高度资料计算平滩流量的实时校正的方法,但这种方法计算的平滩流量多数情况下偏于保守;④新方法的计算结果很大程度上依赖于观测资料的精度和可靠性,因此,在利用实测资料之前需要对其进行具体分析。     

Role and significance of pumped-storage stations in the power industry

Conclusions  

Diagnostics of the Condition of the Flow-Through Part of High-Pressure and Intermediate-Pressure Cylinders by Running Measurements of Steam Pressure and Temperature in a Turbine

A method for diagnosing mechanical damage and wear of the blade system and the shroud, diaphragm, and end seals is presented. The method is based on the use of the readings of devices for scheduled control of the steam temperature and pressure at the outlet from the cylinders, in the extracted steam, and in the first shoulders of the end seals. Results of practical application of the method at electric power plants including those equipped with data-processing equipment are presented. The introduction of the suggested monitoring will make it possible to pass from scheduled repair to determining the repair time proceeding from the actual condition of the turbine.     

Experience in using digital voltmeters in the system measuring the pool levels and head at hydroelectric stations

Conclusion The introduction of digital voltmeters as indicating instruments in circuits measuring the pool levels and head make it possible to have convenient information providing accurate reading of the parameters of interest.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 10, pp. 32–34, October, 1989.     

On-site investigations of the hydraulic regimes of a transition structure

Conclusion On-site investigations and calculations of a transition structure make it possible to provide discharges under acceptable conditions if a vacuum is absent at the inlet section of their pressure pipes.Translated from Gidrotekhnicheskoe Stroitel'stvo, No. 11, pp. 27–29, November, 1982.