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在过去的10年中,由于含有微小的纳米级金的负载型金催化剂的特殊活性,因此对此催化剂的研究热情空前高涨。这种催化剂上的一氧化碳低温氧化已经得到深入研究。尽管研究的步伐在加快,但是如制备参数和催化活性的关系、活性中心的性质和反应的机理等的议题仍然是时下争论的课题。这些争论的解决需要进一步的研究。 相似文献
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纳米材料在催化加氢反应中的应用与研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
纳米材料催化剂具有独特的结构及表面特性,因而其催化活性和选择性大大高于传统催化剂。本文仅就纳米材料在催化加氢领域的应用及研究成果进行综述。 相似文献
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环己烷催化氧化催化剂的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了国内外环己烷选择性氧化催化剂的研究进展,对目前环己烷氧化所用催化剂体系进行了总结及比较分析,重点介绍了分子筛催化剂体系中TS-1、MCM、SBA-15等分子筛催化体系. 相似文献
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综述了复合型非贵金属催化剂在低温CO催化氧化反应中的研究进展,着重介绍了ABO3钙钛矿型负载氧化物、非钙钛矿型负载氧化物和尖晶石型氧化物这两类复合型非贵金属催化剂的制备方法及其催化性能,并对今后低温CO催化氧化非贵金属催化剂的研究方向作了展望。 相似文献
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以凹凸棒石黏土(APT)作载体,采用浸渍法制备双金属催化剂Pd-Cu/APT、单金属催化剂Pd/APT和Cu/APT,在连续流动微反装置上考察催化剂的CO催化氧化活性,采用N_2物理吸附/脱附、X射线粉末衍射和程序升温还原/脱附等手段对催化剂进行表征。结果表明,Pd-Cu/APT催化剂中Cu主要以CuCl形式存在,Pd高度分散与Cu之间产生了明显的相互作用,使Cu物种的还原温度大幅降低;经水蒸汽预处理增强了Pd-Cu/APT催化剂表面酸性,促进了催化活性的提高。在CO体积分数为0.5%、水蒸汽体积分数3.3%、空速6 000h^(-1)和常温反应条件下,CO转化率可达90%以上。 相似文献
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Chen-Bin Wang Chih-Wei Tang Hsin-Chi Tsai Ming-Chih Kuo Shu-Hua Chien 《Catalysis Letters》2006,107(1-2):31-37
Three types of supported cobalt catalysts (5% as metal Co loading on SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2) were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with aqueous Co(NO3)2·6H2O solution. Then, all catalysts were calcined in air at 400 °C (assigned as 5Co/Si C400, 5Co/Al C400 and 5Co/Ti C400). Their
catalytic activities towards the CO oxidation were studied in a continuous flow micro-reactor. Adsorption of carbon monoxide
(CO) and the co-adsorption of CO/O2 over cobalt oxide were further tested under in situ FT-IR. The results showed that both 5Co/Si C400 and 5Co/Al C400 had higher activity than 5Co/Ti C400. The T50 (50% conversion) for both 5Co/Si C400 and 5Co/Al C400 was reached at temperatures as low as ambient temperature. According
to the in situ FT-IR analysis, the variation in oxidation of CO was interpreted with different mechanisms, i.e., the reaction between adsorbed
CO and lattice oxygen of cobalt oxide, and part of CO2 formation via carbonates on 5Co/Si C400; both types of carbonates are formed on 5Co/Al C400 to promote the CO oxidation;
while both strong adsorption of CO on TiO2 and CO2 on cobalt oxide for 5Co/Ti C400 leads to affect the activity. 相似文献
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Three types of supported cobalt catalysts (CoOx/SiO2, CoOx/TiO2 and CoOx/Al2O3) were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation with aqueous Co(NO3)2·6H2O solution. The phase composition and the interactions of cobalt with supports under different calcined temperatures were
investigated using thermogravimetry (TG), N2-adsorption at −196 °C, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy
(DRS). Their catalytic activities towards the CO oxidation were further studied in a continuous flow micro-reactor. The results
showed that the interaction of cobalt oxide with supports was much stronger in the kinds of Al2O3 and TiO2, while no conclusive evidence of any interaction was found for SiO2. Besides the crystalline Co3O4 which was formed in three supported catalysts, both high-temperature phases CoAl2O4 and CoTiO3 spinel were also detected under XRD, DRS and TPR analysis. The degree of interaction between cobalt oxide and the support
not only affected the surface area and reduction behavior of the catalysts, the catalytic activity toward the CO oxidation
also affected simultaneously. As the CoAl2O4 and CoTiO3 spinel formed, both the surface area and catalytic activity decreased significantly. 相似文献
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锰氧化物具有活性高、毒性低、资源丰富、合成方法多样等优点,常作为许多催化反应的催化剂或载体材料。该文综述了近年来锰氧化物催化剂的研究进展,主要介绍了单一锰氧化物、掺杂改性的锰氧化物以及锰氧化物复合材料在甲醛催化氧化反应中的催化性能;讨论了形貌、晶型结构以及其他因素对催化性能的影响;并归纳了一部分甲醛催化氧化的反应机理;最后指出要发展高效、经济、环保的锰氧化物催化剂,通过构建更多的缺陷、添加助剂、掺杂改性等方法,增加活性面和活性位的数量,来提高锰氧化物的催化性能是未来的主要研究方向。 相似文献
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A high-valance cobalt oxide, CoO
x
, was prepared from cobalt nitrate aqueous solution through precipitation with sodium hydroxide and oxidation by hydrogen peroxide. Further, other pure cobalt oxide species were refined from the CoO
x
by temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) to 170, 230 and 300 °C. They were characterized by TPR and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Adsorption of CO and the co-adsorption of CO/O2 over the cobalt oxides were further tested by in situ FTIR. It was shown that Co3O4 is quite active for the oxidation of CO at room temperature in the presence of oxygen, leading to the formation of CO2. The variation in the oxidation of CO was interpreted with a mechanism involving two kinds of oxygen species, i.e., *-O2 on the CoO
x
surface and *-OL on the surface of Co3O4 spinel structure. 相似文献
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有机氯化物在MO/碳纤维催化剂上的催化氧化研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用色谱微反联用装置对有机抓化物在MO/碳纤维催化剂上的催化氧化进行了研究。实验发现, MO/碳纤维催化剂可以在低温下对有机氯化物(如二氯甲烷)表现出较高的反应活性,如CrO3/C-I催化剂在275 ℃时, 转化率可达95%。本文的实验结果表明, MO/碳纤维的催化活性次序为:CrO3/C-I>V2O5/C-I>TiO2/C-I>实验还揭示, 碳纤维的单丝直径粗细和吸附能力明显影响催化剂的催化活性与选择性。 相似文献
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介绍了近年来二氧化碳催化加氢合成烃类、甲醇和甲酸过程使用的催化剂和助剂研究进展。叙述了烃类合成的Fe基催化剂、各种助剂和载体及其作用,并比较Fe基催化剂和其他催化剂对烃类产物分布的影响;甲醇合成的Cu基催化剂、ZnO载体和各助剂对CO2转化率和甲醇选择性的影响;甲酸合成中使用的均相过渡金属(钌和铑)配合物催化剂和固载催化剂。认为目前对助剂、载体和从反应机理揭示助剂、载体的作用研究不够,而了解助剂、载体和基本元素之间的相互作用.将能更精准地选择助剂和载体,更好控制反应条件。 相似文献