B4C／TiO2／Al复合材料制备及其性能

采用热压法制备了B4C／TiO2／Al复合陶瓷材料，试验结果表明，TiO2和Al的加入，使得B4C／TiO2／Al复合材料的硬度、抗弯强度和断裂韧性比纯B4C陶瓷材料有较大程度的提高；而且，添加相促进了复合材料的烧结．利用热力学和X射线衍射分析研究烧结过程中的化学反应，分析结果表明，复合材料中没有发现TiO2，Al，Al2O3;同时在复合材料中出现了TiB2，因为在热压过程中TiO2-B4C反应生成TiB2．分析了B4C／TiO2／Al复合陶瓷材料的微观结构和增韧机理．     

TiB_2/SiC陶瓷复合材料制备工艺的研究

以TiO2、B4C和C为原料,基于原位合成法在SiC基体中生成TiB2颗粒,并采用无压烧结法制备出TiB2/SiC复合陶瓷.通过对复合材料制备工艺的研究,发现：高于1 300℃的预烧结能形成TiB2/SiC复合陶瓷坯体.C含量、烧结温度和保温时间对复合材料的相对密度均有影响.当C含量（质量分数）为4%时、在1 400℃×60 min＋2000℃×30 min的烧结工艺下能够制备出致密的TiB2/SiC陶瓷复合材料.微米级TiO2粉比纳米级TiO2粉更有利于形成较致密的烧结复合材料.随着生成TiB2体积分数的增加（5%～20%）,复合材料中TiB2颗粒逐渐粗化,间距逐渐变小.对复合材料的烧结机理还进行了分析.     

热压烧结Al_2O_3/Ti(C,N)-Nb-Cr-Y_2O_3陶瓷材料的显微结构与力学性能

采用热压烧结方法制备Al2O3/Ti(C,N)-Nb-Cr-Y2O3复合陶瓷材料,并用扫描电子显微镜观察分析材料的微观结构。通过调整热压烧结工艺,研究烧结温度和保温时间对Al2O3/Ti(C,N)-Nb-Cr-Y2O3材料的显微组织与力学性能的影响。研究发现:烧结温度能显著影响陶瓷材料的显微组织和力学性能,温度在低于1650℃范围内,材料的致密度随温度升高而提高,力学性能也随之提升;但烧结温度超过1650℃时,晶粒异常长大,材料性能降低。热压烧结的保温时间以15min为宜。在烧结温度为1650℃、保温时间15min下,热压烧结Al2O3/Ti(C,N)-Nb-Cr-Y2O3陶瓷复合材料的力学性能良好,抗弯强度、维氏硬度、断裂韧度分别为735MPa、20.45GPa、8.9MPa·m1/2。     

包覆工艺制备C—SiC—B4C—TiB2复合材料的组织与性能

以鳞片石墨,B4C,SiC,TiO2为原料,利用包覆工艺在不同热压温度下制备了W（C）=50％的C—SiC—B4C—TiB2复合材料,并详细研究了热压温度对复合材料显微组织和性能的影响规律．结果表明,当热压温度高于1850℃时,复合材料由C,SiC,B4C和TiB2这四相组成;复合材料的体积密度、抗折强度和断裂韧性均随着热压温度的升高而增加．2000oC热压时,复合材料的体积密度、气孔率、抗折强度和断裂韧性分别达到2．41g／cm^3,3．42％,176MPa和6．1MPa·m^1/2;热压温度升高,复合材料的碳相和陶瓷相逐渐致密,碳相最终形成了在陶瓷基体上镶嵌的直径为40μm橄榄球状和条状这两种形貌．碳／陶瓷相的弱界面分层诱导韧化和第二相TiB2与陶瓷基体之间热膨胀系数不匹配所致的残余应力使变形过程中微裂纹的扩展路径发展变化,使复合材料的韧性提高．     

反应热喷涂法制备陶瓷涂层的研究

首先通过差热-失重分析和XRD测试手段对反应热喷涂Al＋TiO2＋H3BO3混合粉体以制备Al2O3/TiB2复合陶瓷涂层的可行性进行了分析.然后对喷涂后试样涂层的耐磨性进行了研究.结果表明：Al＋TiO2＋H3BO3混合粉体差热-失重分析和在1200℃烧结后XRD测试分析均表明完全可以反应生成所需的Al2O3/TiB2复合陶瓷涂层.所制备陶瓷涂层的耐磨性要比基体提高1倍左右.     

Ti3SiC2/TiB2复合材料的制备及其组织和力学性能

以2TiC／Ti／Si／0．2Al／TiB2粉为原料，采用热压烧结工艺成功制备了Ti3SiC2／TiB2复合材料。结果表明：不同TiB2含量的试样中主晶相为Ti3siC2与TiB2两相，没有发现其它杂质相；当复合材料中TiB2的体积分数为10％时，其硬度、抗压强度、弯曲强度、断裂韧性都有显著的提高。经热处理后，Ti3SiC2／10％TiB2复合材料的弯曲强度由367．5MPa     

TiC含量及烧结温度对Al2O3-TiC复合陶瓷材料力学性能的影响

利用热压烧结法制备了Al2O3-TiC复合陶瓷材料,研究了TiC含量、烧结温度对材料致密度、抗弯强度、断裂韧性等性能的影响.结果表明:TiC颗粒的引入,可以有效提高Al2O3-TiC复合陶瓷材料的力学性能,当TiC含量为30Vol%、烧结温度为1 750℃时,Al2O3-TiC复合材料的断裂韧性值和抗弯强度值达到最大,分别为5.08 MPa·m1/2和620 MPa,试样的断裂方式主要为沿晶断裂,同时也含有穿晶断裂.     

掺加SiC晶须对B_4C-Al_2O_3复合材料性能的影响

B4C－ 20vol％ Al2O3和 B4C－ 30vol％ Al2O3两种材料分别掺加了 15vol％ (体积比 )的 SiC晶须 (SiCw)在 1850℃、 35MPa下热压烧结 40min。结果表明： SiCw的掺入,使复合材料的力学性能下降,特别是 B4C－ 30vol％ Al2O3材料的性能下降更为明显,弯曲强度和断裂韧性由原先的 389.5MPa和 5.76MPa· m1/2,分别下降到 293.4MPa和 4.11MPa· m1/2。通过分析找出了 SiCw对复合材料性能产生影响的原因。     

LiNbO3/Al2O3复合材料的制备及其力学性能

为了研究铁电相LiNbO3对Al2O3陶瓷材料结构及其力学性能的影响,以Al2O3 Nb2O5 和LiCO3为主要原料,分别通过高温固相法和热压烧结法,制备LiNbO3/Al2O3复合材料.对制备的复合材料进行物相分析,抗折强度的测试以及显微形貌观察.结果发现：LiNbO3的加入有利于促进Al2O3的烧结,降低了Al2O3陶瓷的烧结温度.当烧结温度超过1 200℃时,复合材料的主晶相仍然为LiNbO3和Al2O3,但由于少量Li元素挥发,生成物相LiNb3O8.在1 200℃保温3h,通过高温固相法烧结,5vol％ LiNbO3/95vol％ Al2O3复合材料的抗弯强度达到了最高,为162.34MPa.在1 300℃,150MPa（保温保压1h）热压烧结制备的15 vol％ LiNbO3/85 vol％ Al2O3复合材料致密度为92.82％,其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别为393.94 MPa和2.38 MPa· m1/2.该复合材料中的LiNbO3晶粒出现了非180°畴结构,这种电畴结构有利于改善材料的力学性能.     

TiAl／B4C复合陶瓷烧结工艺参数的确定

利用Ti粉、Al粉和B4C粉制备复合材料.先将球磨的TiAl粉在气氛保护下进行热处理,与B4C粉混合后进行真空热压烧结,通过对最高烧结温度和保温时间等工艺参数的控制制备高强轻质的复合材料.结果表明:不同的最高烧结温度对材料的性能和最终相组成有很大影响,同时探讨了材料中不同的物相和含量对性能的影响.     

以TiB2作为硼源制备硼酸铝晶须的合成机理

以TiB2作为硼源制备了硼酸铝晶须，对反应过程中的相转变以及晶须的生长机理进行了分析。结果表明，（NH4）2SO4分解释放活性[O]使TiB2氧化生成B2O3，为硼酸铝晶须的生长提供硼源。砧／B的配比对晶须的形态影响较大。在晶须的生长过程中，过量的液态B2O3作为一个载体可以把Al2O3输运到晶核的附近促进晶须的生长。     

The Process of TiB2-Cu Composite Phase and Structure Formation during Combustion Synthesis

The reaction process of combustion synthesis for TiB2 -Cu was investigated in detail using combustion-wave arresting experiment, X-ray diffraction （ XRD ） analysis, SEM analysis and differential thermal analysis （ DTA ）. The XRD analysis results for the different parts of the quenched specimen show that TiCux intermetallic phase firstly forms with the propagation of combustion wave, and then Ti1.87 B50 and Ti3B4 metastable phases come forth due to the diffusion of B atoms and finally the stable TiB2 phase forms because of the continuous diffusion of B atoms. The formation of TiB2 phase is uot completed by one step, but undergoes several transient processes. The process of reaction synthesis for Ti-B-Cu ternary system can be divided into three main stages： melting of Cu and Ti , and the formation of Cu- Ti melt and few TiCux , TiBx intermetallic phases ; large numbers of TiCux intermetallic phases formation and some fine TiB2 particles precipitation ; and the TiB2 particles coarsening and the stable TiB2 and Cu two phases formation in the final product.     

Effect of Al_2O_(3np) on the Properties and Microstructure of B_4C_p/Al Composites

Aluminum-matrix boron carbide (B_4C_p/Al) is a kind of neutron absorbing material widely used in nuclear spent fuel storage.In order to improve the tensile property of B_4C_p/Al composites,a new type of nano-Al_2O_3 particle (Al_2O_(3np)) reinforced B_4C_p/Al + Al_2O_(3np) composites were prepared by powder metallurgy method.The Monte Carlo particle transport program (MCNP) was used to determine the influence of Al_2O_(3np )on the thermal neutron absorptivity of composites.The universal material testing machine and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to study the mechanical properties,microstructure and fracture morphology of B_4C_p/Al composites.The results indicated that the neutron absorption properties of B_4C_p/Al composites were not affected by the addition of nano-Al_2O_3 particles in the range of 1 wt%-15 wt%.The addition of Al_2O_(3np) can obviously reduce the grain size of B_4C_p/Al matrix metals thus improve the tensile strength of the composites.The addition threshold of Al_2O_(3np) is about 2.5 wt%.Both B_4C_p and Al_2O_(3np) change the fracture characteristics of the composites from toughness to brittleness,and the latter is more important.     

Effect of Ti/B Additions on the Formation of Al3 Ti of in situ TiB2/Al Composites

ParticulatereinforcedMetalMatrixComposites(MMCs)showgreatpotentialforstrUctUralmaterialsduetotheirpromisingspecificstrengthandmodlllus.AmongthenumeroustechnologiesproducingparticulatereinforcedMMCs,thoseallowinginsituproductionofthereinforcementoffer...     

Combustion Synthesis of TiB_2 Ceramics Powder from B_2O_3-TiO_2-Mg System in Air Atmosphere

1Introduction Titaniumdiborideisanincreasingimportantceramic materialbecauseofitschemicalstability,highwearresis tance,andsuperiorelectricalandthermalconductivities,whichmakeTiB2ceramicsidealforapplicationsincutting tools,armormaterials,wearresistantcoati…     

Thermodynamic Study on Self-propagating High Temperature Synthesis of TiB_2/Fe Composites

Based on the experimental analysis and theoretical calculation, the self-propagating high temperature synthesis of TiB_2/Fe composite was studied. The experimental results show that the interfacial between TiB_2 and Fe was smooth and clear, and the composite bending strength increased with the addition of Fe, however, the hardness decreased accordingly. The thermodynamics of the composites preparation process was calculated. The calculation results show that the primary chemical reaction was the reaction between Ti and B. The extra B can react with Fe, producing the brittle phase Fe_2 B. By increasing Ti, the production of Fe_2B will decrease and a few of Ti-Fe intermetallic compound will be produced by the reaction between Ti and Fe in the composites. Finally, according to the Merzhanov condition of the adiabatic system, it is concluded that the Fe content must be selected between 16.3% and 54.3% by the thermodynamics temperature of reaction calculation.     

纳米TiO2 /PMMA复合材料性能的研究

采用超声波分散技术,通过溶液共混制备出含不同比例纳米TiO2的TiO2/PMMA聚合物复合材料薄膜,并采用扫描电镜、物理机械性能测试、紫外-可见光谱等方法对复合材料的结构性能进行了分析.结果表明:超声波分散可以有效地防止纳米TiO2粒子团聚而使之充分分散于聚合物基体中;加入纳米TiO2的TiO2/PMMA复合材料紫外透过率大大降低.     

硼酸铝晶须增强铝复合材料的电化学腐蚀行为

通过对不同扫描速率下电化学极化曲线的测试,研究了3种晶须体积分数的硼酸铝晶须增强纯铝基复合材料在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为,并利用扫描电子显微镜观察了经极化处理后,复合材料表面的微观组织形貌.研究结果表明,随晶须体积分数的增加,复合材料阳极钝化区域逐渐减小,且相应复合材料表面被腐蚀程度也显著增加,即随体积分数的增加,复合材料发生腐蚀的敏感性逐渐增加.对同种晶须体积分数的复合材料而言,随扫描速率的提高,复合材料阳极极化曲线中钝化区域明显增大,从而表明在较高的腐蚀速率下,复合材料更易于钝化.