CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF A STEEL 1Cr_(11)Ni_2W_2MoV COATED WITH NaCl IN WATER VAPOR AT 500-700℃

研究了１Ｒ１１ｎｉ２Ｗ２ＭｏＶ不锈钢在５００－７００℃水蒸气与ＮａＣｌ协同作用下的腐蚀行为,该不锈钢在末涂ＮａＣｌ的情况下,不论通水蒸气与否腐蚀增重均很小,盐,水蒸气协同作用使其腐蚀显著加剧。     

不锈钢在液固双相流中的冲蚀腐蚀行为

采用旋转圆筒电极装置研究了１Ｃｒ１３（铁素体）、３１６Ｌ（奥氏体）、０Ｃｒ１４Ｎｉ５Ｍｏ（马氏体）及ＣＤ－４ＭＣｕ（α＋γ双相）等不锈钢在不同流速水砂双相流中的冲蚀及ＮａＣｌ（＋Ｈ２ＳＯ４）砂浆中的冲蚀腐蚀行为,用ＳＥＭ观察了冲蚀（腐蚀）后材料表面形貌,并测定了样品表层硬度变化。结果表明双相不锈钢ＣＤ－４ＭＣｕ因其较强的加工硬化能力而具有优良的抗冲蚀腐蚀性能。     

CJ－2连轧管机芯棒水基润滑剂通过省级技术鉴定

ＣＪ－２连轧管机芯棒水基润滑剂通过省级技术鉴定ＣＪ－２ＷＡＴＥＲ－ＢＡＳＥＤＬＵＢＲＩＣＡＮＴＲＯＲＦＯＲＭＡＮＤＲＤＬＢＡＲＰＡＳＳＥＤＰＲＯＶＩＮＣＩＡＬＴＥＣＨＮＩＣＡＬＡＰＰＲＡＩＳＡＬ由江苏常熟市长江石墨厂和宝钢联合研制的ＣＪ－２连轧管机芯...     

PHASE TRANSITION OF W－Co OXIDE MIXTURE DURING DIRECT REDUCTION／CARBURIZATION BY H_2／CH_4

ＰＨＡＳＥＴＲＡＮＳＩＴＩＯＮＯＦＷ－ＣｏＯＸＩＤＥＭＩＸＴＵＲＥＤＵＲＩＮＧＤＩＲＥＣＴＲＥＤＵＣＴＩＯＮ／ＣＡＲＢＵＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮＢＹＨ_２／ＣＨ_４￥Ｑｉａｎ，Ｃｈｏｎｇｌｉａｎｇ；Ｗｕ，Ｅｎｘｉ（ＰｏｗｄｅｒＭｅｔａｌｌｕｒｇｙＲｅｓｅａｒｃ...     

在含氯化物的碱性溶液中双相不锈钢的耐蚀性及表面膜的研究

在９０℃含Ｃｌ－碱性溶液中所研究钢种的电化学行为表明：００Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ５Ｍｏ３Ｓｉ２（１８－５）双相不锈钢耐一般腐蚀和孔蚀性能较０Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ（１８－ＳＴｉ）奥氏体不锈钢更佳．碱液中的游离ＮＨ３、ＣＯ３２－和ＨＣＯ３－有缓蚀作用，Ｓ２－促使材料活化．ＥＤＡＸ、ＸＰＳ及ＴＥＭ分析结果表明：两种不锈钢的表面膜均为多价的复杂氧化物膜，以ＣｒＯＯＨ、Ｃｒ２Ｏ３为主要成分．１８－５钢表面膜中Ｃｒ富集程度较１８－８Ｔｉ钢高，膜的致密度及稳定性亦高，膜中的ＭｏＯ３能有效提高钢的耐孔蚀性能．     

铬锰氮不锈钢在酸性介质中的腐蚀磨损试验

用自制的腐蚀磨损试验机测定了铬锰氮不锈钢在５％Ｈ２ＳＯ４，４０％Ｈ３ＰＯ４＋８００ｐｐｍＣＬ－和２０％ＨＡＣ（醋酸）介质中的腐蚀磨损速率。结果表明，添加适量的Ｍｏ、Ｃｕ及ＲＥ的铬锰氮不锈钢的腐蚀磨损速率最低。通过观察磨痕形貌，并结合测定的静、动态极化曲线探讨了在腐蚀磨损过程中磨损对腐蚀的加速作用及铬锰氮不锈钢抗腐蚀磨损的原因     

SULFIDATION OF Co-15wt%Y ALLOY IN H_2-H_2S MIXTURES AT 600-800℃

ＳＵＬＦＩＤＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＣｏ－１５ｗｔ％ＹＡＬＬＯＹＩＮＨ_２－Ｈ_２ＳＭＩＸＴＵＲＥＳＡＴ６００－８００℃ＮＩＵＹａｎ;Ｆ．ＧＥＳＭＵＮＤＯ;ＷＵＷｅｉｔａｏ;ＺＥＮＧＣｈａｏｌｉｕ;Ｆ．ＶＩＡＮＩ;（ＳｔａｔｅＫｅｙＬａｂｏｒａｔｏｒｙｆｏｒＣｏ...     

管道管用马氏体不锈钢无缝钢管的开发

开发了在ＣＯ２环境下使用的０．０１Ｃ－１１Ｃｒ－１．５Ｎｉ－０．５Ｃｕ－０．０１Ｎ及在ＣＯ２＋微量Ｈ２Ｓ环境下使用的０．０１Ｃ－１２Ｃｒ－５Ｎｉ－２Ｍｏ－０．０１Ｎ管道管用马氏体不锈钢无缝钢管。该两种钢管的强度都是Ｘ８０级,夏氏冲击值在１００Ｊ（－４０℃,焊接状态）以上,具有无需预热及焊后不作处理也不会产生裂纹的优异焊接性能。指出ＣＯ２环境用１１Ｃｒ钢比０．２Ｃ－１３Ｃｒ钢具有更优异的耐ＣＯ２腐蚀性能,并显示了ＣＯ２＋微量Ｈ２Ｓ环境用１２Ｃｒ钢管在１０％ＮａＣｌ水溶液、ｐＨ４．０,０．００２ＭＰａＨ２Ｓ条件下的耐ＳＳＣ性能。此类钢管适于替代过去输送管道管使用的靠腐蚀抑制剂防腐的管材,以及双相不锈钢等高价耐蚀材料。     

MECHANISM OF ELECTRODEPOSITION OF TUNGSTEN IN MOLTEN KF-B_2O_3-K_2WO_4

ＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＳＭＯＦＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＤＥＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＵＮＧＳＴＥＮＩＮＭＯＬＴＥＮＫＦ－Ｂ_２Ｏ_３－Ｋ_２ＷＯ_４￥Ｗｅｎ，Ｚｈｅｎｈｕａｎ；Ｌｉ，Ｇｕｏｘｕｎ（ＧｅｎｅｒａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｆｏｒＮｏｎｆｅｒｒｏｕｓＭｅｔ...     

THERMOCHEMISTRY AND MECHANISM ON THE PROCESS OF PREP ARING POWDER OF Bi_2O_3 USING MELT-ATOMIZING-COMBUSTION METHOD

ＴＨＥＲＭＯＣＨＥＭＩＳＴＲＹＡＮＤＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＳＭＯＮＴＨＥＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＯＦＰＲＥＰＡＲＩＮＧＰＯＷＤＥＲＯＦＢｉ２Ｏ３ＵＳＩＮＧＭＥＬＴＡＴＯＭＩＺＩＮＧＣＯＭＢＵＳＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤ①ＺｈｏｕＮａｉｊｕｎ，ＹｉｎＺｈｉｍｉｎ，Ｃｈｅｎ...     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。