空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法快速测定纯镍中镁、锰、铁

提出了用空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法快速测定纯镍中镁、锰、铁含量，介绍了镁、锰、铁最佳测定条件及呈良好线性范围的浓度，在测定中对样品中的干扰因素进行了综合考虑。该方法具有很好的灵敏度和重现性，具有方法步骤简单、操作容易、干扰少等特点。测定样品中镁、锰、铁含量的相对标准偏差均小于1．0％。标准加入回收率均在97．0％～100．0％范围内。适用于纯镍中镁、锰、铁含量控制分析和样品系统分析。     

铋盐共沉淀分离富集火焰原子吸收法测定酱油中痕量铅

本文研究了铋盐共沉淀分离富集及火焰法测定铅的适宜条件，在pH8．9的溶液中，滴加氨水能定量地共沉淀铅。本文特征浓度为0．071μg/ml，15次测定铅含量4．0μg/ml的样品的相对标准偏差为3．1％，标准加入回收率在96％～103％。方法快速简便，用于酱油中铅的测定，共存物质不产生干扰。     

火焰发射光谱法测定钴酸锂及镍酸锂中锂

采用火焰发射光度法测定电池用系列锂盐中的锂元素,优化了仪器测定条件,试验了介质对测定的影响及样品中共存元素对测定的影响.试验发现:主体元素与少量共存元素不干扰锂的测定,1％～5％的盐酸及硝酸对2mg/100mL锂的测定没有影响.本法测定回收率在99.80％～100.9％之间,标准偏差不大于0.14％,相对标准偏差不大于2.11％.满足钴酸锂及镍酸锂中锂的测定要求.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定磁性材料中的铬和镍

介绍了采用原子吸收光谱法测定磁性材料中微量铬和镍的分析方法，对样品溶解介质和共存元素干扰进行了试验，优化了测定条件，样品分析结果与ICP—AES法分析数据进行了对照，相对标准偏差小于7．5％，铬和镍加入回收率在93．3％-110％之间，分析结果表明此法快速、准确、可行。     

氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的铅

采用微波消解样品，氢化物原子荧光光谱法测定食品中的铅。研究了仪器条件、酸度、硼氢化钾浓度对测定的影响，方法的检测限为0．20μg／L；回收率为72．8—111．3％；相对标准偏差在1．2—7．0％，用该方法分析食品，结果满意。     

悬浮液进样——火焰原子光谱法测定蘑菇中的微量元素

用悬浮液技术处理样品，将样品烘干、粉碎、过筛，悬浮于琼脂深液中制成悬浮液。分别以Sr^ 2溶液和氯化钠溶液作为测定镁、钾的释放剂和消电离剂。以吸收法测定镁、锌，以发射法测定钾。对样品悬浮液的稳定时间、试液与空白溶液精度的一致性、干扰及线性范围进行了考察。测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2．3％，平均加标回收率为99．1％－101．9％。     

N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定高温镍基合金中钼

研究与运用N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法进行高温镍基合金中含钼量的测定。介绍了钼最佳测定条件及呈良好线性范围的浓度。同时对样品消化处理条件及在测定中样品的干扰因素进行了综合考虑。其方法的相对标准偏差小于1．0％，回收率均在97．0％-100．0％范围内，适用于高温镍基合金中钼的分析。     

微波溶洋石墨炉原子吸收光测定螺旋藻中微量铅

采用微波样品处理器及石墨炉原子吸收法对螺旋藻样品中微量铅的直接测定进行了研究，确定了测定螺旋藻中铅的最佳仪器参数。该方法具有灵敏度高，干扰少的特点，是测定螺旋灌中铅含量的一种有效分析手段。方法下限可达0.002μg.mL^-1，样品加标回收率为99．2－100．2％，变异系数（RSD）为0．33％，结果令人满意。     

ICP-AES测定人造骨中主量元素钙和磷

通过酸度溶解试验、共存元素干扰实验，确定了最佳测定条件，建立了ICP-AES测定人造骨．高纯羟基磷酸钙中高含量磷（18％）和钙（40％）的分析方法。样品加标回收率为99．0％-101．3％，相对标准偏差≤0．31％。该方法简便 ：快速、准确可靠。     

N2O-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定膨胀合金中钴

采用了N2）-C2H2火焰原子吸收光谱法测定膨胀合金中钴。介绍了钴的最佳测定条件，并在样品测定中对干扰因素进行了综合考虑。该方法灵敏度高、干扰小、操作步骤简单、分析周期快等特点。其方法的相对标准偏差均小于1.0％。加标回收率均为97．0％～102.0％范围内，测定结果令人满意。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.