廊固凹陷河西务构造带断裂特征与油气成藏

河西务构造带断裂发育,与油气运聚成藏密切相关。本文通过对构造带断裂特征进行分析,进一步阐明了断裂与油气聚集的关系。河西务断层活动强度大、持续时间长,不同位置活动强度和活动时期差异使构造带演化具有分段性特征,南部形成时间较早,中深层（Ek-E s3）含油气;北部较晚,浅层含油气（E s2-Ed）。不同层段断层封闭性具有规律性,中深层反向断层封闭性好,浅层反向、顺向断层封闭性取决于断距和两侧岩性配置关系。河西务断层不控制油气分布,次级断层控制;断层封闭性好有利于油气聚集。     

杨武寨地区断层封堵性研究

断层作为构造圈闭油气藏的重要组成部分,其封堵性是分析油气成藏分布规律的重要途径。断层的两大主要作用,油气运移通道和油气藏封堵,即断层的封闭与开启,是油气藏形成的重要条件。断层的封堵性是控制断块油气藏的形成与分布、含油气范围及油气富集程度的重要因素之一。     

东濮凹陷文留油田断层封闭性定性分析

东濮凹陷文留油田断裂发育,构造破碎,是典型的复杂断块油气藏,此类油藏的油气分布与断层封堵性有很大关系。通过对断层两盘岩性配置关系、产状配置关系、断层活动期与油气运移期配置、断层产状和落差等因素,分析讨论断层封闭性与断块油气藏形成分布之间的关系。     

东营凹陷断块油气藏类型及形成因素分析

断块油气藏在我国断块油气藏在我国东部断陷盆地中广泛分布,不同类型的断块模式特征不同,油气藏的富集规律不同,通过对研究区对各类型砂体与构造地质相匹配关系的研究,结果将其归纳为构造、岩性、构造-岩性复合型三大类油气藏,通过油藏剖面图和油藏平面图分析,结果将其油气藏类型可以分为5种类型:断层油气藏、断层-岩性油气藏、断层-岩性上倾尖灭油气藏、砂岩透镜体油气藏、岩性油气藏,通过对油气藏的形成条件和形成要素进行分析,确定了研究区油气藏的形成实际上是成藏静态要素与动态成藏过程的有机结合,对油气富集规律进行特点进行总结,对今后的滚动开发及挖潜方向奠定良好的基础。     

断层封闭性影响因素研究

本文通过大量文献调研,阐述了断层封闭性的概念,总结了岩性封闭、物性封闭、成岩封闭、压力封闭四种断层封闭机理;断层的埋深、断层的力学性质、产状、构造应力大小和方向、断层带内充填物质、断层组合形式、断面应力、断层带内部结构、异常高压、断层活动性、断层活动时间与油气充注时间、岩性配置等15个方面的影响因素。     

王14断块区地质特征及油气分布规律

王14断块区属于王家岗油田,构造形态由三条断层控制,组成一个地垒和一个断阶。地层和断层组合成鼻状构造,在紧贴断层的构造高点是油气藏的有利富集区。油气藏类型分为构造油气藏,受岩性影响的构造油气藏和构造-岩性油气藏,以构造油气藏为主。构造和岩性是控制油气分布的主要因素。     

断层封闭性的地球化学评价方法

断层封闭性的评价是研究控制油气运聚断裂输导体系的核心问题。影响断层封闭性的因素很多,基于对不同影响因素的把握,评价断层封闭性的方法也很多,地球化学评价方法主要是根据断层两盘油气水的化学性质及靠近断层附近的油藏地球化学特征方面,提供有关断层的封闭性信息。本文列举了影响断层封闭性的诸多要素,探讨了地球化学评价断层封闭性的理论基础和可能的机理,重点讨论了油水界面、生物标志化合物、含氮化合物以及有机包裹体等评价方法,说明了地球化学已经成为断层封闭性研究的一个重要内容。     

东濮凹陷文卫古地区油气成藏主控因素分析

文卫古地区是东濮凹陷主要的油气富集区,油气主体来源于濮卫洼陷、马寨洼陷及观城洼陷,有利的构造背景控制油气的分布格局,两大断裂系统控制油气的运移与聚集,东倾断裂活动结束晚,主要起油气断裂疏导作用,西倾断裂活动结束早,主要起油气封堵作用。沙三中亚段盐岩影响本区油气纵向分布。文明寨、卫城主体背斜构造油气富集,翼部发育系列西倾小断层,控制油气高点富集。断阶带内受西倾断层遮挡,油气聚集于反向屋脊式圈闭,形成断块油气藏。环洼带内含油层位单一,丰度低。     

断层垂向封闭性的影响因素及其对油气成藏的控制作用

本文探讨了断层垂向封闭性的概念和影响因素以及其在油气运聚成藏中的控制作用。研究结果表明：断层垂向封闭性的影响因素主要有断层面的几何形态、断层的断距、断层面的紧闭程度、断裂带内的物性封闭和断层的压力封闭五种;在结合济阳坳陷勘探实例基础上,对断层封闭性对油气成藏中的控制作用进行了探讨。     

松辽盆地南部东岭地区断裂控藏机理研究

东岭地区在区域构造应力场的作用下,断层发育较多,断裂系统组合复杂。通过开展精细构造解释研究后指出,研究区构造形态整体上呈东西分带、垒堑相间的构造格局;断裂平面发育具有极为明显的方向性,主要发育NE和近SN向断裂;断裂对油气藏的形成具有控制作用,断裂控制了圈闭的形成,形成一系列构造油气藏、构造-岩性油气藏;断裂在活动时期可以直接作为油气运移的输导体;断裂控制油气的分布与聚集。     

滇黔桂地区海相地层油气成藏地质特征及最佳油气保存单元

从构造、沉积、烃源岩特征、储集性能、封盖条件、后期保存等方面入手,分析了滇黔桂地区海相地层的油气成藏地质特征及保存条件,指出了最佳油气保存单元及勘探潜力,提出了近、中、远期的勘探目标及勘探建议。     

透平压缩机组振动故障的诊断及修复

运用故障诊断和频谱分析技术,对透平压缩机组的振动故障进行了诊断。认为转子弯曲和动、静汽封片的径向摩擦的耦合作用是透平振动过大的主要原因,提出了相应的解决方法,实现了透平压缩机组的正常运行。     

复杂故障判定的基于结构化残差的多层次分析法

In industrial processes,there exist faults that have complex effect on process variables.Complex and simple faults are defined according to their effect dimensions.The conventional approaches based on structured residuals cannot isolate complex faults.This paper presents a multi-level strategy for complex fault isolation.An extraction procedure is employed to reduce the complex faults to simple ones and assign them to several levels.On each level,faults are isolated by their different responses in the structured residuals.Each residual is obtained insensitive to one fault but more sensitive to others.The faults on different levels are verified to have different residual responses and will not be confused.An entire incidence matrix containing residual response characteristics of all faults is obtained,based on which faults can be isolated.The proposed method is applied in the Tennessee Eastman process example,and the effectiveness and advantage are demonstrated.     

Fault detection, identification and diagnosis using CUSUM based PCA

In this paper, a cumulative sum based statistical monitoring scheme is used to monitor a particular set of the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP) faults that could not be properly detected or diagnosed with other fault detection and diagnosis methodologies previously reported.T² and Q statistics based on the cumulative sums of all available measurements were successful in observing these three faults. For the purpose of fault isolation, contribution plots were found to be inadequate when similar variable responses are associated with different faults. Fault historical data is then used in combination with the proposed CUSUM based PCA model to unambiguously characterize the different fault signatures. The proposed CUSUM based PCA was successful in detecting, identifying and diagnosing both individual as well as simultaneous occurrences of these faults.     

松辽盆地南部三盛玉一利发胜地区天然气成藏分析

三盛玉一利发胜地区是研究松辽盆地南部天然气成藏的一个重要地区,该地区天然气成藏特点是周边断陷天然气通过不整合面和控盆断裂作长距离运移到本区聚集成藏。区内存在两期成藏、两种成藏模式,一是受早期构造控制,晚期构造叠加形成的早期成藏模式,二是由晚期构造控制的晚期成藏模式。早期构造比晚期构造更有利于天然气成藏。     

文留盐构造及其与油气的关系

含盐油气盆地中盐构造控制着油气的生成、运移及成藏。本文提出了文留盐岩深盆浅水成因的观点;沙三中^5沉积期文23盐埋深达300m,盐岩＂软化＂并塑性流动,文东、文西断层开始发育并控制地层沉积,文留盐构造形成;根据盐岩与油气藏关系,该区与盐岩有关的油气藏类型可分为5种。     

基于SVDD的冷水机组传感器故障检测及效率分析

传感器是制冷空调系统的重要组成部分,起着测量数据和监控状态的作用。传感器故障,尤其是输出偏差会引起测量值不准,影响控制策略,导致系统能耗增加。依据模式识别理论,故障检测可处理为一种单分类问题。据此采用一种单分类模式识别工具——支持向量数据描述(SVDD),针对冷水机组进行了偏差故障条件下的传感器故障检测工作。收集冷水机组实测正常运行数据,基于训练集建立SVDD模型,进行冷水机组传感器故障检测;在测试集中引入不同幅值水平的偏差故障,分析检测效率。结果表明:基于SVDD的冷水机组传感器故障检测效果明显,但对于不同传感器的不同幅值偏差故障,故障识别程度并不一致。     

Active fault isolation of nonlinear process systems

This work considers the problem of designing an active fault‐isolation scheme for nonlinear process systems subject to uncertainty. The faults under consideration include bounded actuator faults and process disturbances. The key idea of the proposed method is to exploit the nonlinear way that faults affect the process evolution through supervisory feedback control. To this end, a dedicated fault‐isolation residual and its time‐varying threshold are generated for each fault by treating other faults as disturbances. A fault is isolated when the corresponding residual breaches its threshold. These residuals, however, may not be sensitive to faults in the operating region under nominal operation. To make these residuals sensitive to faults, a switching rule is designed to drive the process states, upon detection of a fault, to move toward an operating point that, for any given fault, results in the reduction of the effect of other faults on the evolution of the same process state. This idea is then generalized to sequentially operate the process at multiple operating points that facilitate isolation of different faults for the case where the residuals are not simultaneously sensitive to faults at a single operating point. The effectiveness of the proposed active fault‐isolation scheme is illustrated using a chemical reactor example and demonstrated through application to a solution copolymerization of methyl methacrylate and vinyl acetate. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 2435–2453, 2013     

A fault magnitude based strategy for effective fault classification

A common approach in fault diagnosis is monitoring the deviations of measured variables from the values at normal operations to identify the root causes of faults. When the number of conceivable faults is larger than that of predictive variables, conventional approaches can yield ambiguous diagnosis results including multiple fault candidates. To address the issue, this work proposes a fault magnitude based strategy. Signed digraph is first used to identify qualitative relationships between process variables and faults. Empirical models for predicting process variables under assumed faults are then constructed with support vector regression (SVR). Fault magnitude data are projected onto principal components subspace, and the mapping from scores to fault magnitudes is learned via SVR. This model can estimate fault magnitudes and discriminate a true fault among multiple candidates when different fault magnitudes yield distinguishable responses in the monitored variables. The efficacy of the proposed approach is illustrated on an actuator benchmark problem.