共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Maureen T. Ross Rena Cruz Courtney Hutchinson Wendy L. Arnott Maria A. Woodruff Sean K. Powell 《Virtual and Physical Prototyping》2018,13(2):117-130
Three dimensional (3D) printing and biofabrication technologies are revolutionising medicine with low-cost and novel treatments for complex medical conditions. These approaches differ from traditional treatments by using 3D scanning, computer modelling and 3D printing to automate the production of patient-specific tissue replacement or prostheses using a wide range of materials. One area impacted by this technology is the treatment of congenital maxillofacial conditions such as microtia, a condition affecting the intrauterine development of the auricle (external ear) and with a prevalence of 2.06 cases for every 10,000 births. While not life-threatening, microtia significantly impacts the emotional and psychological well-being of the affected child and their parents. Current treatments include the use of prosthetic ears or surgical methods such as autografting rib cartilage or alloplastic implants. Although current options have shown documented success, they are highly dependent on the surgeon’s skill and it has been demonstrated that poor quality solutions can further exacerbate negative psychosocial impacts. As such, higher quality, lower cost and more customised options would be welcomed by patients and parents alike. Recent advances in 3D scanning, modelling and printing techniques could significantly benefit the treatment and reconstructive options for children with microtia, leading to improved quality of life. 相似文献
2.
针对机器人视觉对便携式三维扫描系统的大景深要求,利用Scheimpflug条件对CCD平面进行偏转,成功地将扫描系统的景深从30mm提高到了100mm以上;并根据CCD偏转后的摄像机模型,在理论上完整地推导了便携式集成三维扫描系统的物像关系方程。针对景深扩大后带来的测量精度降低的问题,提出了一种对系统全景深范围进行分段校准的新方法,提高了测量精度与系统分辨率。三维重建时,根据被扫描物体所对应的图像点在像平面上的不同位置分别调用不同的标定参数将二维图像坐标转变为物体的空间坐标,测量精度可以达到0.06mm。 相似文献
3.
Sean K. Powell Rena L. J. Cruz Maureen T. Ross Maria A. Woodruff 《Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)》2020,32(42):2001122
Millions of people worldwide experience disfigurement due to cancers, congenital defects, or trauma, leading to significant psychological, social, and economic disadvantage. Prosthetics aim to reduce their suffering by restoring aesthetics and function using synthetic materials that mimic the characteristics of native tissue. In the 1900s, natural materials used for thousands of years in prosthetics were replaced by synthetic polymers bringing about significant improvements in fabrication and greater realism and utility. These traditional methods have now been disrupted by the advanced manufacturing revolution, radically changing the materials, methods, and nature of prosthetics. In this report, traditional synthetic polymers and advanced prosthetic materials and manufacturing techniques are discussed, including a focus on prosthetic material degradation. New manufacturing approaches and future technological developments are also discussed in the context of specific tissues requiring aesthetic restoration, such as ear, nose, face, eye, breast, and hand. As advanced manufacturing moves from research into clinical practice, prosthetics can begin new age to significantly improve the quality of life for those suffering tissue loss or disfigurement. 相似文献
4.
《Virtual and Physical Prototyping》2013,8(3):167-176
The three-dimensional (3D) measure of the human body is currently performed using mostly optical technologies. One of the most cost effective non-contact techniques is photogrammetry; its main disadvantage is the lack of automation because the correspondences between the same points in different images must be taken manually. In this paper the authors present a properly designed low-cost photogrammetric system for 3D scanning of human faces. Results are compared projecting onto the faces patterns composed by coded targets and mixed coded-uncoded targets. 相似文献
5.
《Virtual and Physical Prototyping》2013,8(4):251-261
This project analyses the viability of an efficient modelling approach using a semi-automatic algorithm within a Computer Aided Design (CAD) application in combination with low-cost digitising devices and low-cost Additive Manufacturing (AM) printers when designing and manufacturing patient-specific face masks. The aims of the study were to enable clinical practitioners to utilise the advantages of three-dimensional (3D) scanning, CAD and AM without having to be trained to use design/engineering software. Face features were captured using two 3D devices. The resulting meshes were compared via the Hausdorff Distance method. A semi-automatic modelling procedure was developed with ‘Rhinoceros’ and ‘Grasshopper’ to model the face mask and customise several features. With that procedure, volunteers modelled a face mask in less than 30 minutes in their first attempt. The resulting virtual mask was manufactured with two AM printers. An initial economic study indicated that the presented approach offers a feasible alternative to the current practices. 相似文献
6.
A precise 3D body scanning system, designed for applications in the medical and biomedical field, is described. The system consists of 12 digital cameras, mounted on a rigid frame which maintains the B/H ratio constant. An LED lighting system, integrated with the rigid frame, ensures a homogenous illumination of the subject. A modified firmware installed on each device enables the synchronised remote release driven by remote control. Data transmission to the computer is carried out wirelessly. A process for the estimation of the extrinsic camera parameters has been implemented with the aim of obtaining a 3D model in 1:1 scale. Analyses have been performed in order to state the repeatability of the process used to estimate the external camera calibration parameters as well as the precision of the 3D digital models of a body obtained for a mannequin and for a live human subject. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
为了得到涡轮叶片模具制造误差量化分析结果,提出基于模型重构技术的误差检测方法。分别根据理论设计数据和实物测量数据建立了涡轮叶片模具的三维设计模型和实物模型,设计模型将为误差分析提供理论依据,通过两个模型配准和型面误差分析,得到量化制造误差。研究结果可用于类似的零件的数字化检测和误差分析。 相似文献
11.
进行了0.3和0.5两种水灰比的水泥净浆从1～40天龄期的CT扫描试验,成功重构了水泥净浆尺度上的三维微观模型,观测了未水化水泥颗粒、水化产物和孔隙在这期间的形态变化。基于CT扫描的结果量化未水化水泥颗粒体积含量,进行了水化程度的计算。计算结果与常用的TGA方法进行比较,发现可比性好, CT扫描为一项较可靠的量化水泥水化程度的方法,但需要高精度的CT扫描设备。 相似文献
12.
The process of redesigning production systems is usually complex, for which virtual design tools are available. These tools are used to analyse and evaluate planned changes prior to implementation, making it possible to identify and prevent costly design mistakes. Despite this, design mistakes arise during and after the implementation. A source for design mistakes is incorrect or insufficient spatial data of the production systems used in the virtual design tools. The aim of this paper is to show how to reduce the time required for planning and implementing the redesign by supporting the process with realistic visualisation, created from accurate spatial data of the real production systems. Three industrial studies were carried out to evaluate how address realistic visualisation in order to support the redesign process. The result shows terrestrial 3D laser scanning to be suitable for capturing spatial data for realistic visualisation of production systems. The realistic visualisation can be used to virtually analyse design alternatives of the production systems, by, for example, combining the 3D laser scan data with 3D CAD models. The realistic visualisation enabling effective and accurate planning, which gives the opportunity to reduce the time required for planning and implementing redesigned production systems. 相似文献
13.
笔者用3D重建法和手绘测量法，比较了30例脑溢血病人的CT图像，结果显示，利用3D重建法较精确的计算出脑溢血容量。 相似文献
14.
本文提出了一种对黑硅表面进行三维重建的方法．通过对扫描电子显微镜的成像原理进行建模,该方法可以只使用单幅从黑硅表面正上方垂直向下拍摄的扫描电子显微镜图像获得黑硅表面的三维信息．该方法简单易行．本文对这一方法进行了重建测试．测试结果表明该方法能够获得比较理想的重建效果． 相似文献
15.
16.
目的 研究获取传统陶瓷艺术作品完整彩色点云数据,并高效进行三维重建的技术方法,探索陶艺作品数字内容虚拟展示平台的构建及推广利用的有效途径.方法 采用拍照式三维扫描设备采集陶艺作品的三维彩色点云数据,研究并提出了融合、修补等后处理的新方法,得到完整的优化彩色点云信息.通过网格化处理获得陶瓷艺术品的高保真三维网格模型和简化网格,利用虚拟现实技术开发数字化展示平台.结果 获取了石湾陶瓷传统艺术作品的三维彩色点云数据,完成了点云优化、修复,生成了高精度的彩色网格模型并进行了数字化的推广与宣传.结论 提出的三维重建技术和虚拟展示方法为我国陶瓷艺术作品的保护、传承与推广作出了积极的探索,为利用现代科技进行文化遗产数字化保护作出了新的尝试. 相似文献
17.
产品设计思想创新和设计技术创新是先进制造技术的核心。在研究先进制造技术的体系和特点的基础上,探讨了先进制造的设计思想和设计技术的主要内容。 相似文献
18.
19.
Robert Miehe Lara Waltersmann Alexander Sauer Thomas Bauernhansl 《Journal of Advanced Manufacturing and Processing》2021,3(2):e10078
Sustainable production is essential for the future of the global economy. Despite the publication of its baseline vision over 30 years ago and the resulting diversity of interpretations and subdisciplines in engineering and social sciences, the progress of the approach in industrial practice remains marginal. This is mainly due to the fact that the discipline has not yet succeeded to realize the magnitude of the rethinking necessary of its very own perception as a whole. Existing definitions of sustainable production presented to date are thus only partly consistently derived from the baseline concept. Meanwhile, digitalization provides an increasing number of technologies that offer a new perspective on sustainable production. This especially applies to the concept of digital twins. Recent studies, thus, address their role in the context of sustainable production by analyzing its contribution to existing sustainability related methods as well as technical challenges on a microeconomic level (bottom-up approach). Although these approaches provide concrete requirements for technical deployment, it is highly questionable how they will contribute to sustainable production as a whole. In this paper, we choose a top-down approach to discuss the role of digital twins in the context of sustainable production. Based on fundamental reflections on the baseline concept of sustainability, we advocate a reorientation of production within the framework of planetary boundaries. Thereupon, we discuss the role of digital twins and digital threads and provide a number of requirements that future R&D needs to address for a future sustainability-oriented data-driven monitoring and regulation of production. 相似文献
20.
The direct-digital upper-limb orthopaedic splinting process employs portable 3D scanning systems to capture anatomical surface geometry. However, the resultant quality of a complete upper-limb scan geometry may be detrimentally affected by involuntary movements of an unsupported limb, and the inability to maintain the correct posture due to patient disability. The aim of this research study is to develop an upper-limb 3D scanning posture-correction procedure that addresses these limitations. The methodology covers four stages: (a) 3D scanning; (b) rigging; (c) posture correction; and (d) geometry inspection. Manual and semi-automated rigging procedures were developed to define segments and joints of the wrist on the upper-limb scans. A semi-automated definition was developed to precisely and repeatedly articulate the defined hand segment. To assess feasibility and accuracy of the developed posture-correction procedure, the hand segment on scans in neutral hand posture were articulated with the developed posture-correction procedure as closely as possible to the corresponding hand positions on the scans in extended hand postures. The reported virtual posture-correction procedure provides a basis for research into anatomy articulation and the optimisation of complex splints and orthoses. 相似文献