植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用对高脂血症小鼠降血脂作用研究

研究植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用时对高脂血症小鼠降血脂的作用。昆明种小鼠饲喂高脂饲料,建立小鼠高脂血症模型。将建模成功的小鼠,按总胆固醇及体重分为5组,即高血脂模型组、植物甾醇酯组、葛根素组、植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组、辛伐他丁组。对小鼠饲喂高脂饲料的同时连续灌胃5周不同剂量的植物甾醇酯、葛根素、辛伐他丁。实验结束后测定各组小鼠的体重,动脉硬化指数(AI),肝脏系数(HI),血清中的甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)。结果表明:与高血脂模型组相比,植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合组TG、TC、LDL-C、AI、HI显著降低(P0.05),分别下降24.22%、28.01%、21.17%、67.68%、15.34%,HDL-C显著升高45.51%(P0.05);植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用比单独使用时能降低高血脂小鼠TG、TC、LDL-C、AI、HI,其中部分差异显著。说明植物甾醇酯和葛根素联合使用时具有降低血脂作用,而且比两者单独使用时具有更好的治疗高脂血症作用。     

植物甾醇深加工产品的研究进展

植物甾醇是一种天然活性物质,具有多种生理功能。植物甾醇的双键被饱和后称为甾烷醇。酯化后称为甾烷醇酯。近年来研究发现植物甾烷醇及甾烷醇酯的稳定性、表面活性等理化性质较之植物甾醇明显改善,从而拓展了植物甾醇的应用领域。本文依据当前国内外文献及专利,介绍了植物甾醇深加工产品的结构性质、应用方向及制备方法等,并展望了其研究发展前景。     

植物甾醇酯产品的制备方法

植物甾醇酯是一类新型的降低血清胆固醇的功能性食品添加剂。在实验研究基础上,对植物甾醇酯的合成方法进行了归纳和总结,探讨了酯化法、酯交换法和脂肪酶催化法等各类方法的原理、工艺条件与应用特点,为植物甾醇酯的应用研究提供参考。     

不饱和脂肪酸植物甾醇酯的合成工艺研究进展

详细介绍了不饱和脂肪酸植物甾醇酯的性质、应用、合成方法及国内外研究进展,为开发不饱和脂肪酸植物甾醇酯功能性食品添加剂提供参考.不饱和脂肪酸植物甾醇酯的合成方法有化学法和酶法.随着生物技术与食品科技的发展,不饱和脂肪酸植物甾醇酯的合成工艺将朝着绿色、低能耗、无污染和高安全性方向发展.     

植物甾醇脂肪酸酯的抗氧化作用研究

通过检测50℃时鱼油体系中过氧化值的方法,研究植物甾醇脂肪酸酯的抗氧化能力。50℃时植物甾醇月桂酸酯、棕榈酸酯、油酸酯和共轭亚油酸酯在鱼油中的最佳抗氧化浓度为50μg／L。在此浓度下24h内抗氧化效果为：月桂酸酯〉油酸酯〉共轭亚油酸酯〉棕榈酸酯,且甾醇酯与VE有抗氧化协同作用,其效果为：VE＋月桂酸酯〉VE＋共轭亚油酸酯〉VE。因此,植物甾醇脂肪酸酯具有显著的抗氧化作用。     

植物甾醇酯制备方法研究进展

植物甾醇酯作为一种能够改善植物甾醇油溶性、降低胆固醇、降血脂和预防动脉硬化的新型功能性食品添加剂,近年来在国际食品行业中得到广泛应用和关注。该文对植物甾醇酯制备方法进行归纳总结,分析和对比了各种制备方法优缺点,为高催化效率、易分离、无残留、低成本的催化体系研究及高效、绿色植物甾醇酯合成工艺研究提供参考。     

植物甾醇酯制备方法研究进展

植物甾醇酯作为一种能够改善植物甾醇油溶性、降低胆固醇、降血脂和预防动脉硬化的新型功能性食品添加剂,近年来在国际食品行业中得到广泛应用和关注。该文对植物甾醇酯制备方法进行归纳总结,分析和对比了各种制备方法优缺点,为高催化效率、易分离、无残留、低成本的催化体系研究及高效、绿色植物甾醇酯合成工艺研究提供参考。     

植物甾醇酯的研究与分析

植物甾醇酯作为一类特殊的新型健康食品配料,长期以来世界各国都十分重视其开发利用研究,目前已成为食品科技工作者和生产厂商的研发热点。本文综述了近年来国内外植物甾醇酯的最新研究进展,并简要概述了植物甾醇酯的性质、功能以及其在食品工业中的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。     

植物甾醇酯对饮食性高脂血症治疗作用研究

研究植物甾醇酯对高脂血症小鼠的治疗作用。连续饲喂健康、雄性昆明SPF小鼠高脂饲料21d,建立高脂血症小鼠模型。然后在喂基础饲料的同时,高脂模型组经口灌胃生理盐水,药物组经口灌胃血脂康药物(20mg/kg·d),其余3组分别灌胃植物甾醇乙酸酯、油酸酯、硬脂酸酯等三种植物甾醇酯(100mg/kg·d),观察植物甾醇酯对小鼠脂质代谢的影响。3种植物甾醇可不同程度地降低高脂血症小鼠的血清总胆固醇(TC)、密度低脂蛋白(LDL-C)、动脉硬化指数(AI),降低高血脂小鼠的肝重、肝脏TC和TG。其中,甾醇乙酸酯与甾醇油酸酯对小鼠高脂血症的治疗效果比较理想,且明显好于甾醇硬脂酸酯。实验结果表明,植物甾醇酯具有调节血脂作用,对高脂血症小鼠有良好的治疗效果。     

高效液相色谱法同时检测植物甾醇与植物甾醇酯

采用反相高效液相色谱,对同时检测植物甾醇和甾醇酯的分析方法进行了研究。通过检测条件优化,植物甾醇和甾醇酯的12种不同组分在以丙酮和乙腈(3∶1)为流动相,柱温30℃,流动相流速1.0mL/min,等度洗脱的条件下,达到最好分离效果。此方法不需要样品的前处理,分析时间25 min,检出限为5.1~1.1μg/mL,定量限为17.0~137.0μg/mL,回收率93.81%~111.98%。植物甾醇与甾醇乙酸酯在0.01~1.0 mg/mL的浓度范围内呈线性相关,甾醇亚油酸酯与甾醇油酸酯在0.1~1.0 mg/mL范围内具有良好的线性关系,标准曲线相关系数均超过0.998。该方法可应用于多种甾醇和甾醇酯产品的同时检测。     

植物甾醇降胆固醇作用研究进展

植物甾醇属于甾体类化合物,具有多种生理功能.讨论了植物甾醇的化学特性、主要来源、吸收与代谢,并对其降胆固醇作用的研究进展及作用机理进行了综述,最后对其安全性进行了评价,并分析了其应用前景.     

植物甾醇的提取分离和分析检测方法研究进展

植物甾醇因其具有降低血清胆固醇等多种生物活性功能越来越受到人们的重视,并随着在医药等工业上进一步应用对其纯度也提出更高要求.因此如何从植物油脂中提取甾醇类物质以及进一步分离纯化和分析测定其含量和结构成为当前植物甾醇研究的重点.本文较全面地对传统和现代的植物甾醇的提取分离、纯化精制以及分析检测方法进行综述,希望对今后植物甾醇的研究会有所帮助.     

植物甾醇提取及分析检测方法研究进展

植物甾醇广泛存在于植物界中,是一类具有较强的生理活性和表面活性的物质,其在医药、食品、化妆品、光学产品、饲料、化工、纺织等领域的应用也受到广泛关注。较全面地对植物甾醇的提取、分离以及分析检测方法进行了综述,以期对今后植物甾醇的研究提供借鉴。     

用Raney镍和钯碳催化剂制备植物甾烷醇

以植物甾醇为原料,分别以Raney镍和钯碳为催化剂,以反应温度、氢气压力、反应时间、转速、催化剂添加量等因素进行正交试验优化植物甾醇氢化工艺参数。以Raney镍为催化剂,最优工艺条件为:反应温度135℃,氢气压力2.5 MPa,反应时间5.0 h,转速700 r/min,催化剂添加量40%。该条件下,植物甾醇的氢化率为94.18%,羟基值(KOH)为124.79 mg/g。以钯碳为催化剂,最优工艺条件为:反应温度130℃,氢气压力2.6 MPa,反应时间4.5 h,转速580 r/min,催化剂添加量1.5%。该条件下,植物甾醇的氢化率为93.65%,羟基值(KOH)为125.04 mg/g。     

Phytosterols and their extraction from various plant matrices using supercritical carbon dioxide: a review

Phytosterols provide important health benefits: in particular, the lowering of cholesterol. From environmental and commercial points of view, the most appropriate technique has been searched for extracting phytosterols from plant matrices. As a green technology, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using carbon dioxide (CO₂) is widely used to extract bioactive compounds from different plant matrices. Several studies have been performed to extract phytosterols using supercritical CO₂ (SC‐CO₂) and this technology has clearly offered potential advantages over conventional extraction methods. However, the efficiency of SFE technology fully relies on the processing parameters, chemistry of interest compounds, nature of the plant matrices and expertise of handling. This review covers SFE technology with particular reference to phytosterol extraction using SC‐CO₂. Moreover, the chemistry of phytosterols, properties of supercritical fluids (SFs) and the applied experimental designs have been discussed for better understanding of phytosterol solubility in SC‐CO₂. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry     

Current Knowledge about Oxysterols: A Review

For years food consumers have been warned that a cholesterol‐rich diet may result in atherosclerosis. It is also well known that consumption of large amounts of phytosterols decreases concentration of low‐density lipoproteins (LDLs) in blood (LDLs are regarded a key risk factor in development of cardiovascular diseases). However, no scientific evidence has unambiguously proved any direct connection between amount of consumed cholesterol and LDL level in blood. On the other hand, concentration of cholesterol oxidation products, oxysterols, seems to be indeed relevant; for example, they significantly impact appearance of atherosclerotic lesions (plaques). Phytosterols (like sitosterol or campasterol) decrease LDL level in blood, but on the other hand products of their oxidation are toxic. Therefore, it is worth to know influence of phytosterols on living organisms, processes which lead to their formation, and their levels in popular foodstuffs. This paper is an attempt to review literature data on the above aspects, as well as on impact on living organisms of oxidation products of popular sterols.     

植物甾醇的安全性研究进展

植物甾醇是一类以环戊烷全氢菲为主体骨架,3位羟基的甾体化合物,广泛存在于各种植物油、坚果、植物以及蔬菜水果中。植物甾醇具有降低血清中胆固醇的作用,在防治前列腺疾病、抗癌、抗炎、提高免疫力等方面也具有重要作用。目前作为功能性食品添加剂和食品原料出现在各类食品中。本文就植物甾醇的应用与安全性研究新进展进行综述。     

植物甾醇油酸酯产品的合成工艺研究

研究了植物甾醇与油酸直接酯化合成植物甾醇油酸酯的工艺.反应最优工艺条件为:以硫酸氢钠为催化剂,催化剂用量为2%(植物甾醇摩尔数),油酸与甾醇的摩尔比为1.3:1,反应温度135℃,反应时间8 h.在最佳反应条件下,酯化率为84.3%.产品经精制后纯度可达到90.2%.     

Phytosterols as anticancer compounds

Phytochemicals have been proposed to offer protection against a variety of chronic ailments including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, and cancer. As for cancer protection, it has been estimated that diets rich in phytochemicals can significantly reduce cancer risk by as much as 20%. Phytosterols are specific phytochemicals that resemble cholesterol in structure but are found exclusively in plants. Phytosterols are absorbed from the diet in small but significant amounts. Epidemiological data suggest that the phytosterol content of the diet is associated with a reduction in common cancers including cancers of the colon, breast, and prostate. The means by which dietary phytosterols may be achieving these effects is becoming clearer from molecular studies with tumorigenic research models. Phytosterols affect host systems potentially enabling more robust antitumor responses, including the boosting of immune recognition of cancer, influencing hormonal dependent growth of endocrine tumors, and altering sterol biosynthesis. In addition, phytosterols have effects that directly inhibit tumor growth, including the slowing of cell cycle progression, the induction of apoptosis, and the inhibition of tumor metastasis. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding the anticancer effects of phytosterols.     

Formulation of phytosterols in emulsions for increased dose response in functional foods

Phytosterols can significantly reduce cholesterol levels in humans. However, their dose response is strongly formulation dependent. Due to their insolubility in water and poor solubility in oil and their surface activity, the formulation in functional foods of unesterified non-crystalline phytosterols with an expected dose response even higher than the esterified phytosterols commonly applied today proved problematic. Supersaturating phytosterols with a crystallization inhibitor in the oil phase of an o/w emulsion in a special process combines high phytosterol concentrations with the potential of strongly increased dose response. In two formulations, no crystallization was observable in stability investigations over a period of 60 days.Industrial relevanceCompared to actual formulations as phytosterol fatty acid esters in fat-based foods, the method describe here for formulating free, solved and water-dispersible phytosterols allows for their incorporation into almost all kinds of foods as well as beverages. Additionally, the expected to dose–response to phytosterol formulated according to this method is expected to exceed by far that of phytosterol fatty acid esters. Combined with the comparably high concentration in the new, water-dispersible formulations, the method yields the opportunity of producing a wide variety of functional foods with phytosterols highly effective in lowering the risk for cardiovascular diseases.