制备硅藻土和珍珠岩助滤剂的科学基础

本文在分析过滤机制和基本过滤方程的基础上,认为影响过滤速度的主要因素是助滤剂的比表面、堆比重和颗粒大小分布。并根据硅藻土和珍珠岩的物理化学性质,讨论了制备助滤剂的科学基础。认为低品位硅藻土和珍珠岩经过适当加工是可以制成合格助滤剂的;而由多孔硅藻土和外形不规则的珍珠岩构成的复合助滤剂,有利于形成“刚性桥架”结构的滤饼层.它的过滤性能可以得到改善。     

啤酒过滤用复合助滤剂试验研究报告

1 前言目前,世界上工业发达国家多数采用硅藻土助滤技术过滤后发酵啤酒,我国这一技术正在引进和推广。硅藻土过滤与棉饼过滤比较,表现出明显的优越性,硅藻土过滤取代传统的棉饼过滤的趋势是很显然的。本试验研究目的是在硅藻土助滤剂以外,寻找价格便宜,在过滤特性的某一方面优于硅藻土助滤剂,且不会给啤酒质量带来影响的其它啤酒过滤用助滤剂,以降低啤洒过滤的成本,进一步提高过滤效率。     

劣质硅藻土的选矿、焙烧及作啤酒助滤剂的研究

本文介绍了用劣质硅藻土制作啤酒助滤剂的工艺过程中,从原料提纯至助滤剂的制备与应用等多方面的试验研究结果。     

常规过滤影响因素的试验研究

通过模型过滤试验,探讨了L/d值、滤速和助滤剂对过滤性能的影响,提出了这些参数或指标的建议值．试验结果表明：助滤剂、L/d值和滤速对过滤性能有较大的影响;投加助滤剂能明显改善过滤性能．     

助滤剂评定方法研究

提出用恒压过滤试验法评定助滤剂的助滤效果。给出了该方法所使用的仪器装置、被过滤悬浮液、助滤剂液的配制、操作步骤和需测定的项目。给出的几个难实验例的结果表明该方法简便可行，利于推广。     

酵母提取物的制备及其应用技术的研究

本文提出了外加酶制剂对啤酒酵母泥进行水解的新方法,经正交试验得到了较佳的水解工艺条件.在比较研究中发现,经细胞破碎,自溶后再经酶法水解的工艺效果较好,每克酵母(干基)可得α-氨基氮约49毫克.在啤酒生产糖化中添加该提取物进行麦汁制造和啤酒发酵,其工艺进展顺利.所酿制的啤酒口味纯正而淡爽,泡沫持久性好.     

7°BX淡爽型啤酒的研究

本文以改善低原麦汁浓度啤酒质量为目的,提出了一种新颖的淡爽型啤酒的酿造方法.采用70%麦芽和30%的大米的原料配比及二次煮出法二段式糖化,经正交试验得到了较佳的糖化工艺,可以控制麦芽汁的糖与非糖比值.并在糖化中添加压榨啤酒废酵母的水解液进行麦汁制造和啤酒发酵,其工艺进展顺利.所酿制的成品啤酒口味纯正,泡沫持久性好.1000kg啤酒原料成本与12°BX啤酒相降低了41,6%左右,年产10Mkg啤酒工厂可节约原料成本约110万元.     

复合助滤剂对煤泥表面改性及滤饼结构的影响

为改善滤饼孔隙结构,强化煤泥脱水效率,设计并采用SiO2基复合助滤剂对煤泥进行助滤试验,从颗粒表面性质、滤液性质和滤饼三维结构等多方面分析了助滤机理.过滤试验结果表明:SiO2基复合药剂(GH型)提高了煤泥水过滤速度,降低了滤饼比阻,滤饼水分从32.5％降低至28.1％.表面张力测试结果表明:SiO2基复合药剂可以降低...     

投加助滤剂改善常规过滤的性能

通过模型试验，研究了几种助滤剂对常规过滤的影响．结果表明：投加适量的助滤剂能在一定程度上改善常规过滤的性能，有效减少滤速突变引起的悬浮颗粒穿透．在所考察的3种助滤剂中，聚丙烯酰胺的助滤效果最佳，聚合硫酸铁次之，而聚合氯化铝最差．     

含镉废水处理中硅藻土助滤剂的应用

本文主要探讨用以硅藻土为助滤剂的聚乙烯微孔管压滤器去除氢氧化镉的主要过程。其过程主要包括筛选助滤剂种类,确定压滤器的设计参数以及助滤剂的再生工艺等问题。氰化镀镉漂洗废水,在碱性条件下,氧化除氰后,废水中还存在难以沉淀的氢氧化镉、碳酸钙、碳酸镁凝絮。它们不仅难以用一般的过滤方法截留,而且很容易堵塞滤管和在滤管外形成致密的滤饼,对提高过滤器的过滤能力和过滤器的再生造成很大的困难。助滤剂由于本身具有微孔结构和能形成不可压缩性滤饼的特性,对提高过滤液质量和过滤器过滤能力以及防止滤管的堵塞都育很好的促进作用。因此,这种方法特别适合过滤液质量要求高,难以过滤的溶液。在本试验中,原水含镉量为10毫克/升,溶液的PH为9～10,水温在常温条件下,用4.5公斤/厘米~2压力,以3.3米~3/米~2·小时的滤速进行恒速过滤时,滤过液的含镉量低于0.1毫克/升周期由20～25分钟提高到4小时(最佳周期),滤饼的含水率低于50%。另外,有效地防止了滤管的堵塞和可以经过简单处理后回收使用助滤剂。     

SCIENTIFIC BASES FOR PREPARATICN OF DIATOMITE AND PERLITE FLTER-AID

According to the filtration mechanism andfiltration formula, it is considered that thesurface area, bulk density and grain size distri-bution of filter-aid are the main factors affectingthe filtration rate. On the basis of analysing phy-sical and chemical properties of diatomite and per-lite, the scientific bases for preparation of filteraid are discussed. It is possible that the complexfilter aid, which is made up of low grade diatomiteand perlite, is favourable to build-up a fine"steely-bridged structure" for the filter cake, andits filtration performance of beer could be improvedas good as that of commercial filter-aid made fromhigh grade diatomite. The above points have beendemonstrated by the results of laboratorial andindustrial experiments of beer filtration.     

碳纳米管复合膜的制备及性能研究

针对膜过滤技术对印染废水中一些含苯环物质难以处理的问题,提出了利用碳纳米管制备新膜材料的方法。分别将碳纳米管(MWNT)和羧基化碳纳米管(c-MWNT)均匀分散在火棉胶溶液中,采用流涎法制备出碳纳米管复合膜;并用分光光度法对样液、滤液中的间苯二酚和茜素红的吸光度进行了对比测定,以考察膜的吸附性能。结果表明:制得的MWNT复合膜分别吸附了13.5%的间苯二酚和42.8%的茜素红;c-MWNT复合膜则分别吸附了33.2%的间苯二酚和80.3%的茜素红,复合膜对间苯二酚和茜素红表现出良好的吸附性,而且制得的复合膜极易再生,可重复使用。     

Water-affinity of Perlite Products and Its Anti-water Mechanism after Being Modified

The structure modification and its mechanism have been studied when perlite products changed from water-affinity state to anti-water state. The structure of fused perlite and its surface physicochemical properties have also been studied. The modification of perlite products has provided the products with anti-water property, which not only enhanced the quality of thermal insulating function, reduced the lost of heat energy, but also made the products water-proof. These modified perlite products are used as ideal thermal insulating layers for the thermodynamic equipment and heat transporting conducts.     

管式啤酒过滤的优化

依据恒速过滤理论建立起管式啤酒过滤的数学模型 ,应用此方程于啤酒硅藻土过滤过程 ,可以作为管式啤酒过滤优化的理论依据。     

管式啤酒过滤的优化

依据恒速过滤理论建立起管式啤酒过滤的数学模型,应用此方程于啤酒硅藻土过滤过程,可以作为管式啤酒过滤优化的理论依据。     

Experimental Study on a New Dual-Layer Granular Bed Filter for Removing Particulates

A new dual-layer granular bed filter for hot gas cleanup was invented and studied experimentally. Fine sand, 0.5-1 mm grain size and about 1350 kg/m^3 bulk density, was used as the lower layer of the filter. Expanded perlite particles, 2-5 mm grain size and about 70 kg/m^3 bulk density, was used for the upper layer of the filter in this study. It was confirmed that the sizes and densities of these two media matched well; the binary media remained in complete segregation during regeneration by fluidization. Test results show that the filtration of the expanded perlite particle layer was characterized as ＂deep bed filtration.＂ Filtration of the fine sand layer was ＂surface cake filtration.＂ The expanded perlite particle layer contributed about 90% to the bed dust capacity, but only about 20% to the total bed pressure drop, which increased the bed dust capacity ten fold compared to a single-layer bed of the same sand and the same total bed pressure drop. The dust cake on the surface of the fine sand layer raised the collection efficiencies to over 99.99%.     

USE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE OF PERLITE IN BUILDING MATERIALS INDUSTRY

We have observed the components, structure andproperties of perlite ore. Through a series of ex-periments, it has been proved that the perlite hashigher pozzolanic activity and maybe used as addi-tion of cement in manufacturing pozzolanic cement.The paper also proposes the way to increase theearly strength of this kind of cement and utilize itto make many kinds of silicate concrete products.     

高纯TiO_2微粉制备方法的改进

在已有工作基础上，针对钛乙酸盐合成及其水解制备高纯ＴｉＯ２微粉原方法的缺点作了具体分析和改进．将粗铵过滤作业由真空抽滤改为密闭压滤，取消了蒸馏步骤，代之以钛乙醇盐／矿物油体系直接水解．改进结果减少了工序，缩短了流程，改善了环境，提高了ＴｉＯ２直收率，而产品质量保持不变，结果令人满意．     

α－乙酰乳酸脱羧酶在啤酒酿造中的应用

介绍了α－乙酰乳酸脱羧酶在啤酒发酵和清酒过滤等不同时间、不同用量添加，对双乙酰还原情况的影响以及乙酰乳酸脱羧酶的使用对啤酒酵母的影响。