油气管道检测技术发展和现状

对目前国内外油气管道的无损检测作简要介绍,分析其原理、现状、应用范围及目前的不足。重点介绍射线检测技术和超声波检测技术,并对各种无损检测方法作了比较。管道内壁的检测和焊缝的检测是管道无损检测的重点,在此做了分析。对较新的磁记忆检测技术作了介绍。     

石化企业罐区液位计量检测标准的研究与探讨

本文研究了国内外石化企业罐区液位计量检测常用方法及原理,分析了目前常用储油罐液位计量系统,针对其现实应用情况分析了各自的优缺点,重点介绍了光纤液位计、光电液位计、伺服式液位检测技术和磁致伸缩测量技术相关方法原理及应用现状,并预测了罐区液位计量检测的发展趋势。     

管道焊缝数字射线DR检测技术研究

介绍了管道焊缝DR检测技术在焊缝缺陷检测中的原理及系统组成,并对数字射线DR技术的关键技术点进行理论分析;最后探讨了其在钢管焊缝检测中应用的可行性。     

铊污染的危害特性及防治

文章介绍了铊的来源、危害及迁移方式,对目前铊污染的防治技术的研究现状进行了介绍,分析了化学法、物理法、生物法的原理和技术要点,提高群众对铊污染的认识和对其治理技术的了解.     

混凝土原位检测的技术状态

针对不同的混凝土检测的回弹法、层析成像、红外热成像及超声波检测等多种技术,介绍其检测原理、方法、特征或规范等,并对其检测技术的先进性及弱势进行评价。     

燃料气制取技术的特点

分析了目前较为适用的几种工业燃料气制取技术,即固定床气化技术、恩德炉气化技术、灰熔聚气化技术、科达循环流化床气化技术及U-gas气化技术;介绍了各种气化技术的工艺原理和特点,并对其选用方法进行了讨论。     

废旧塑料的红外鉴别技术及其应用

要对废旧塑料进行工业化回收利用,首要问题就是对其进行鉴别与分类。不同类型的废旧塑料由于其分子结构和官能团的不同,在近红外及中红外光的照射下,会呈现出不同的特征峰,从而能够对其种类进行识别。红外吸收分析技术具有效率高、灵敏度高、可靠性高、无损分析、应用广泛等特点。介绍了红外检测技术的原理及相关应用。     

天然气管道泄漏检测技术综述

本文系统介绍了输气管道的几种传统泄漏检测方法的原理和优缺点,然后介绍了目前国内外新型天然气管道泄漏检测技术,指出了各种检测方法的优缺点及适用条件。     

自动颗粒计数技术在滤清器检测中的应用

介绍了颗粒计数方法在滤清器过滤特性检测中的应用。阐述了自动颗粒计数器工作原理,以及在过滤特性试验中的作用。分析了我国目前正在使用的滤清器国际标准的试验原理、方法及标准间的共性与不同。并粗浅的评论了检测技术的发展趋势。     

工业水处理常用杀菌剂的调查研究

文章对工业水处理药剂中的杀菌剂的定义、种类及杀菌原理进行了简介,重点对各种杀菌剂的杀菌原理进行了详细的介绍,并根据目前工业水处理杀菌剂技术现状及发展趋势,对其应用前景进了简单的概括。     

陶瓷材料的无损检测技术

综述了无损检测在陶瓷材料领域的应用，简略介绍了用于陶瓷无损检测的几种主要方法。     

无损检测在复合材料中的应用

介绍目前常用的各种无损检测方法．随着复合材料的不断发展,通过无损检测的方法对产品进行质量控制,得到了广泛的应用．     

复合材料微波无损检测技术的研究

介绍了复合材料无损检测的各类方法,并与微波检测法对比,分析其优缺点,重点阐述微波检测法的原理、特点及其在复合材料中的应用,同时分析基于微波技术的复合材料内部缺陷检测的机理,最后展望了微波检测技术在复合材料中的发展状况。     

结构增强木塑板材的力学性能无损检测

以回收高密度聚乙烯和杨木纤维加工而成有、无加强筋的木塑板材试件,运用3种振动无损检测方法测试其动态弹性模量,并依据美国材料试验标准D790-03通过三点弯曲实验获得静态弹性模量.阐述了加强筋对3种振动无损检测弹性模量的影响,分析了3种木塑板材的动态弹性模量与其静态弹性模量的相关性.结果表明,加强筋能够增强木塑板材的强度...     

某些碳化硅材料的内耗和热震损伤

研究了某些碳化硅材料的力学行为，考察了抗折强度与弹性模量和内耗的关系。根据损伤力学，引进了热震损伤变量，并考察了碳化硅材料热震损伤与弹性模量和内耗的关系。由于弹性模量和内耗均可用非破坏实验方法测得，因此，在确定了强度和热震损伤与弹性模量和内耗的关系之后，可用非破坏实验来估计材料的强度和热震损伤。此外，还研究了常温强度和高温强度均高、抗热震性均优的碳化硅材料。该材料适用于制造陶瓷窑具。     

复合材料的微波无损检测研究

简单介绍了微波无损检测技术的基本原理和方法,利用反射法对复合材料缺陷进行检测。对不同材质、不同孔径大小、不同缺陷类型（包括体积型和平面型）试件的检测,得出了与理论分析比较一致的结果。结果表明微波对复合材料缺陷反应灵敏,可检出的最小缺陷孔径为１．０ｍｍ,并得出了微波的误差与缺陷孔的深度以及缺陷孔径的关系。     

Flexural free vibration as a non-destructive test for evaluation of viscoelastic properties of polymeric composites in bending direction

In many applications, viscoelastic properties of reinforced composites need to be determined prior to their real service life. Such properties can be assured by destructive and non-destructive tests. In this paper, a novel non-destructive test (NDT) method based on flexural free vibration is introduced to investigate the viscoelastic properties of fiber-reinforced composites. Three different types of industrial fibers (carbon, glass, and hemp) and an unsaturated polyester resin were selected to produce bar-shaped composites via pultrusion technique. These composite bars were used in a simple NDT method which just required a wooden hammer, two elastic jaws, a microphone and a recorder software program to perform the experiment. The composite bars were mounted on elastic jaws and hit by a wooden hammer at one end of the specimen as a perpendicular impulse. The produced sound at the other side of the bars was recorded. By analyzing the recorded sounds by means of fast Fourier transform (FFT), viscoelastic properties such as flexural elastic modulus and the loss parameter (Tan δ) were calculated for the fiber-reinforced composites. For determination of flexural elastic modulus, the first three modes of vibration in FFT graphs were analyzed using Temuschenco theory. Also, Tan δ was determined by analyzing the drop in the intensity of vibrational energy as a function of time. Although there was a slight discrepancy between the calculated values from the NDT method and the actual data from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) approach, a good agreement was achieved between NDT and DMTA results.     

Nondestructive evaluation of physicomechanical properties and technology monitoring in the production of refractory components

Expertise in the use of acoustic nondestructive testing (NDT) methods for evaluation of physicomechanical properties of refractory components employed in the technology of bottom-pouring steels is reported. NDT techniques can be effectively employed in achieving superior performance and stability of physicomechanical properties of refractory materials. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 11, pp. 38–40, November, 2005.     

Methodology of the assessment of the interlayer bond in concrete composites using NDT methods

The paper presents multivariate methodology of assessing the interlayer bond in concrete composites using non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. This methodology eliminates the shortcomings of the pull-off method, which is used for this purpose in practice. Methodology of searching for the delamination of layers together with methodology of assessing the value of the pull-off adhesion between layers in existing composites with a constant thickness of the overlay has been shown. Also the methodology of evaluating the pull-off adhesion value between the overlay and the existing concrete substrate in newly made or existing composites which were repaired by applying a repair overlay has been presented. It has been indicated which NDT methods and also the aid of which specific parameters can be helpful to achieve this. Furthermore, an example of practical use of one of the methodologies, which confirms its usefulness in the evaluation of the pull-off adhesion, was also provided. It should be expected that the use of the proposed methodology could contribute to a more precise assessment of the interlayer bond in concrete composites, which could be useful for the acceptance of construction works.     

Quality assurance concepts for adhesive bonding of composite aircraft structures – characterisation of adherent surfaces by extended NDT

In order to ensure the performance of adhesively joined load-critical composite structures, suitable technologies are needed to steadily monitor adherent surfaces prior to bonding and to detect adhesion properties of bonded components. A novel class of non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques, classified as extended non-destructive testing (ENDT), is required to ascertain selected physicochemical properties which are important for the performance of adhesive bonds in place of detecting material defects like conventional NDT methods do. The European FP7 project, ‘ENCOMB – Extended non-destructive testing of composite bonds’ aims in the identification, development, adaptation and validation of ENDT methods for characterisation of adherent surfaces and adhesive bond quality. Here, recent NDT techniques such as optically stimulated electron emission (OSEE) and aerosol wetting test (AWT) as well as laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) were advanced and applied in field, and without contacting carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) surfaces for detecting different contamination layers such as release agent, moisture or hydraulic oil as well as thermal degradation of CFRP adherent surfaces before performing an adhesive bonding process. Sensitivity and accuracy of these techniques allow distinguishing surface states which are suitable for bonding of CFRP adherents from surface states which are unfavourable for bonding. ENDT using OSEE, AWT and LIBS facilitated the detection of layers of release agent as thin as one nanometre and thin layers resulting from hydraulic oil. OSEE investigations of adherent surfaces before adhesive bonding allowed the indication of all surface states of potential CFRP adherents, which according to previous studies, were related to application scenarios reducing the joint strength of resulting adhesive joints by 20–70%.