共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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为满足北江飞来峡流域非点源污染负荷核算需要,利用SWAT模型对研究区1969-2011年日径流过程进行模拟。基于飞来峡流域水文、气象、地形、土地利用和土壤类型等资料构建SWAT径流模型,并运用SWAT-CUP中的SUFI-2方法对模型中的14个径流参数进行敏感性分析及参数率定,再进行径流模拟效果定量评价。结果表明:对径流过程有显著影响的参数主要为SCS径流曲线系数、主河道曼宁系数、地下水滞后系数以及地表径流滞后时间等;日径流率定期和验证期的效率系数均为0.83,相对误差分别为1.40%和0.58%,且大部分模拟数据落在不确定性区间内,模拟结果的不确定性较小,表明所构建的SWAT径流模型具有较高的精度,在北江飞来峡流域适用性良好。 相似文献
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《吉林水利》2015,(9)
为定量分析气候变化情景模式下大洋河径流响应规律,利用分布式水文模型SWAT模型,基于大洋河沙里寨水文站2000-2010年水文数据以及沙里寨水文站以上集水区域各降雨站点2000-2010年降雨数据对SWAT模型进行率定和验证。基于率定后的SWAT模型,通过设定4种气候变化情景模式(假定气温℃,降水量变化),定量分析不同气候变化情景模式下大洋河径流响应规律。研究结果表明:SWAT模型在大洋河流域具有较好的适用性,模拟的径流深相对误差在10%以内,确定性系数达到0.85以上;在降水不变情况下,气温升高2℃,流域径流减少4.09%,而气温降低2℃,径流增加3.01%;在气温不变情况下,降水量减少10%,流域径流量减少5.23%;降雨量增加10%,流域径流量增加5.11%。 相似文献
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土地利用/覆被变化直接反映了人类活动的影响程度,对于流域水文循环过程影响显著。本文以诺敏河流域为研究区,基于1976和2000年两期土地利用数据,结合SWAT模型定量评价了径流对土地利用/覆被变化的响应。研究结果表明:SWAT模型可以较好地模拟诺敏河流域的月径流变化过程,在研究区具有一定的适用性;相对于1976年的土地利用条件,2000年土地利用变化主要表现为林地和草地面积减小,耕地面积增加。1976-2000年间诺敏河流域土地利用变化导致年均地表径流增加了17.78%,且空间差异显著,尤其是下游的莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗和阿荣旗等地地表径流增加趋势更为明显,增加幅度超过20 mm。模拟研究对于诺敏河流域合理规划土地利用格局具有重要意义。 相似文献
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洙赵新河是南四湖流域重要的入湖河流,研究该流域的径流对南四湖湖西平原区具有重要意义。选用SWAT分布式水文模型,通过SWAT-CUP程序的Sufi-2算法进行参数率定、敏感性分析与不确定性分析,模拟了洙赵新河流域2008-2014年的月径流过程。结果表明:月径流在校准期和验证期的相关系数R2和NS效率系数均大于0. 85,表明SWAT模型在洙赵新河流域适用性较好;根据敏感性分析结果发现水文相关参数与径流有不同程度的相关性,其中植被蒸腾补偿系数、河岸调蓄的基流α因子、浅层地下水径流系数等13个参数最为敏感;在气象站点密度较小的地区,引入CMADS气象数据集作为流域水文模型的驱动数据集,取得了理想的效果。 相似文献
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利用SWAT水文模型,在综合考虑流域地形、植被、土壤和土地利用等因素的基础上,对密云水库1980-2006年的来水量进行模拟,预测未来气候条件下来水量的变化趋势.结果表明,利用SWAT模型潮河流域径流模拟效果要比白河流域好,这与白河流域受水库调节等因素有关.从预测效果看,自1980-2030年总体上密云水库径流量呈递减趋势,但在未来20 a间,密云水库来水量总体略有增加. 相似文献
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为评价北山水库流域地表水资源,选用SWAT软件构建了该流域的分布式水文模型。基于2016-2018年实测水文数据以及高程、土地利用类型、土壤类型等数据,完成了对北山水库流域的SWAT模型构建,利用SWATCUP软件对参数进行率定及敏感性分析,选取决定系数(R~2)、纳什效率系数(NSE)、平均相对误差绝对值(MARE)和均方根误差(RMSE)作为模型评价指标。结果表明:北山水库月蓄水量模拟值与实测值吻合良好,模型率定期和验证期的R~2均达到0.89,NSE分别达到0.88与0.85,MARE分别为5.04%与4.23%,RMSE分别为1.15×10~6 m~3与0.90×10~6 m~3,由此表明该模型能近似反映研究区的径流变化特征,展示了SWAT模型在该流域的适用性。此外,基于验证的水文模型对主要参数进行敏感性分析,表明影响该区径流模拟最为显著的两个参数是浅层地下水回归流阈值和径流曲线数。 相似文献
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黄河河源区分布式水文模拟研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将SWAT模型应用在黄河河源区白河流域,将白河流域划分为42个子流域和89个水文响应单元,并采用唐克站逐月实测径流资料进行了径流模拟及验证。从模拟结果的精度看,SWAT模型能够满足高山寒冷和资料缺乏地区的水文过程模拟的要求,同时也为研究黄河河源区的水文过程提供了新的手段。 相似文献
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现状下垫面条件下长系列天然径流资料是水资源评价的基础,但下垫面变化以及人类活动常常改变了水文循环过程,给水资源评价带来系统性偏差与较大的不确定性。以浠水流域为实例,提出将分项调查法和SWAT模型相结合的水资源评价方法,即根据水文站与水库位置关系建立不同水量平衡方程进行径流还原,利用与现状下垫面条件相近年份的还原后的径流数据进行参数率定与验证,并将构建的模型应用于长系列天然径流过程模拟计算。结果表明:仅采用分项调查法还原后的水文站降水-径流关系的一致性存在明显偏差;而通过构建基于现状下垫面条件下的SWAT模型,各水文站径流模拟值的降水-径流相关性优于还原值,且不同时期降水-径流关系一致性得到显著改善,表明该方法能够有效修正下垫面变化对径流的影响,有助于进一步开展水资源规划、水旱灾害风险评估等工作。 相似文献
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Evaluating the SWAT Model for Hydrological Modeling in the Xixian Watershed and a Comparison with the XAJ Model 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Peng Shi Chao Chen Ragahavan Srinivasan Xuesong Zhang Tao Cai Xiuqin Fang Simin Qu Xi Chen Qiongfang Li 《Water Resources Management》2011,25(10):2595-2612
Already declining water availability in Huaihe River, the 6th largest river in China, is further stressed by climate change and intense human activities. There is a pressing need for a watershed model to better understand the interaction between land use activities and hydrologic processes and to support sustainable water use planning. In this study, we evaluated the performance of SWAT for hydrologic modeling in the Xixian River Basin, located at the headwaters of the Huaihe River, and compared its performance with the Xinanjiang (XAJ) model that has been widely used in China. Due to the lack of publicly available data, emphasis has been put on geospatial data collection and processing, especially on developing land use-land cover maps for the study area based on ground-truth information sampling. Ten-year daily runoff data (1987?C1996) from four stream stations were used to calibrate SWAT and XAJ. Daily runoff data from the same four stations were applied to validate model performance from 1997 to 2005. The results show that both SWAT and XAJ perform well in the Xixian River Basin, with percentage of bias (PBIAS) less than 15%, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) larger than 0.69 and coefficient of determination (R2) larger than 0.72 for both calibration and validation periods at the four stream stations. Both SWAT and XAJ can reasonably simulate surface runoff and baseflow contributions. Comparison between SWAT and XAJ shows that model performances are comparable for hydrologic modeling. For the purposes of flood forecasting and runoff simulation, XAJ requires minimum input data preparation and is preferred to SWAT. The complex, processes-based SWAT can simultaneously simulate water quantity and quality and evaluate the effects of land use change and human activities, which makes it preferable for sustainable water resource management in the Xixian watershed where agricultural activities are intensive. 相似文献
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针对四川省彭州市湔江流域,成功构建SWAT分布式水文模型,基于模型提供的两种计算地表径流方法和三种计算蒸散发方法的组合,采用2008—2009年月径流资料进行率定,通过Nash系数、相关系数、相对误差以及持续系数分析比较了6种组合模式下模型的适用性,并用2010—2011年月径流资料进行验证。结果表明,引入作为SWAT适用性评价标准可取得良好的效果;SCS径流曲线数法分别与Penman-Monteith法、Hargreaves法的组合模拟精度较好,Nash系数均达到0.8,相对误差小于20%,持续系数达到0.7以上。这为模型模拟方法的选择提供了依据和参考。 相似文献
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Jaehak Jeong Narayanan Kannan Jeff Arnold Roger Glick Leila Gosselink Raghavan Srinivasan 《Water Resources Management》2010,24(15):4505-4527
Increasing urbanization changes runoff patterns to be flashy and instantaneous with decreased base flow. A model with the
ability to simulate sub-daily rainfall–runoff processes and continuous simulation capability is required to realistically
capture the long-term flow and water quality trends in watersheds that are experiencing urbanization. Soil and Water Assessment
Tool (SWAT) has been widely used in hydrologic and nonpoint sources modeling. However, its subdaily modeling capability is
limited to hourly flow simulation. This paper presents the development and testing of a sub-hourly rainfall–runoff model in
SWAT. SWAT algorithms for infiltration, surface runoff, flow routing, impoundments, and lagging of surface runoff have been
modified to allow flow simulations with a sub-hourly time interval as small as one minute. Evapotranspiration, soil water
contents, base flow, and lateral flow are estimated on a daily basis and distributed equally for each time step. The sub-hourly
routines were tested on a 1.9 km2 watershed (70% undeveloped) near Lost Creek in Austin Texas USA. Sensitivity analysis shows that channel flow parameters
are more sensitive in sub-hourly simulations (Δt = 15 min) while base flow parameters are more important in daily simulations (Δt = 1 day). A case study shows that the sub-hourly SWAT model reasonably reproduces stream flow hydrograph under multiple storm
events. Calibrated stream flow for 1 year period with 15 min simulation (R
2 = 0.93) shows better performance compared to daily simulation for the same period (R
2 = 0.72). A statistical analysis shows that the improvement in the model performance with sub-hourly time interval is mostly
due to the improvement in predicting high flows. The sub-hourly version of SWAT is a promising tool for hydrology and non-point
source pollution assessment studies, although more development on water quality modeling is still needed. 相似文献
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Junyu Qi Sheng Li Qiang Li Zisheng Xing Charles P.-A. Bourque Fan-Rui Meng 《Water Resources Management》2016,30(14):5021-5037
Winter soil-temperature simulations with soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) are generally inaccurate in snow-dominated areas of the word, because the existing empirically-based soil-temperature module in SWAT does not account for snow-insulation effects. This problem, in turn, leads to all subsequent projections including water flow and nutrient loading biased. To address this issue, a physically-based soil-temperature module was developed and incorporated into SWAT as an alternative to the empirical formulation, which was found generate better overall estimates of winter soil temperature in a previous study. In the current study, we continue to examine the modified version of SWAT performance on watershed modeling by making pairwise comparisons between the outputs from the original and modified versions of SWAT against related field measurements in a testing watershed. Results show that the physically-based soil-temperature formulation helps to dramatically improve SWAT estimations of base flow discharge and NO3-N loading for the watershed as a result of improvement in modeled winter soil temperatures. Compared with the original version of SWAT, the new version of SWAT predicted overall lower surface runoff and soil moisture content, as well as higher percolation and lateral flow in winter, resulting in clear differences in modeled flow paths and fate of chemical pollutants. Adding a physically-based treatment of soil temperature in SWAT is an important generalization that has potential of making the model more relevant to snow-dominated areas of the world. 相似文献
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北江飞来峡库区典型流域非点源污染特征分析及模拟 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为分析飞来峡库区典型流域非点源污染状况,开展社岗流域场次降雨径流水量水质监测试验,采用平均浓度法估算非点源污染负荷量,分析各场次降雨径流污染物特征并计算非点源污染贡献率,应用SWAT模型进行径流及非点源污染模拟。结果表明,径流量对SS、BOD_5等浓度和负荷量均有较强的主导作用,TN、NH_3-N等初期冲刷效应较为明显,污染物负荷量与径流量的相关性好于污染物浓度与径流量的相关性,各污染物的非点源污染贡献率均达到80%以上。SWAT模型径流模拟的率定期和验证期效率系数分别为0.85和0.73,表明所构建的SWAT模型精度良好。在污染物率定期,雨强较大的典型日污染物模拟效果最佳,污染物相对误差基本在10%以内,而在雨强较小时,TN、TP等均出现较大程度的低估现象;在污染物验证期,由于该时期正处于春耕施肥期,TN、TP模拟结果相对误差较大,且均为低估。总体而言,SWAT模型模拟精度良好,基本能反映该流域非点源污染状况,可为飞来峡库区流域的非点源污染模拟与控制提供参考。 相似文献
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为了解气候变化对水文水资源的影响机理,以秦淮河流域为研究区构建SWAT模型,使用SWAT-CUP对模型进行参数敏感性分析、率定及验证,并采用任意假设法设计未来气候情景,分析温度及降雨变化对流域径流及实际蒸散发量的影响。结果表明:模型在月径流模拟中具有较高的精度,适用于秦淮河流域气候变化下的水文响应研究;气温降低或降雨量上升都会引起流域径流量增加,反之则减少;实际蒸散发量与降雨量正相关,而实际蒸散发量对气温变化的响应不明显;平水年径流量对降雨量变化的响应较强,枯水年径流量对温度变化的响应较强;枯水年实际蒸散发量对降雨量变化的响应较强。 相似文献
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由于南沙河流域缺乏长系列实测径流资料,采用SWAT模型(Soil and Water AssessmentTool,土壤和水评价工具)分析北京南沙河流域干支流共16个断面不同水平年(P=50%、P=75%和P=95%)天然情况下的日流量过程。根据流域的DEM图(Digital Elevation Model,数字高程模型)、土地利用规划及土壤类型等大量流域基本资料建模,模型参数经实测流量过程率定后确定。运行模型可得到南沙河的日流量过程并经合理性分析,认为日流量过程基本符合天然来水情况。可供南沙河流域水质还清规划使用。 相似文献