石墨烯防腐涂层对油罐沉积水的防腐机制研究

目的探究石墨烯基防护涂层/碳钢体系在原油储罐沉积水中的防护机制。方法以实际原油储罐的沉积水为腐蚀介质,以自制石墨烯底漆和石墨烯面漆为防护涂层体系,采用交流阻抗谱、动电位极化曲线,结合盐雾实验探究石墨烯涂层体系在沉积水中的腐蚀行为和失效衍化机制。结果石墨烯底漆在浸泡初期对碳钢具有一定的防护效果,随着浸泡时间的延长,水分子逐渐渗透涂层,涂层逐渐失效。采用石墨烯面漆和石墨烯底漆搭配,可显著提高涂层对碳钢在沉积水中的防护性能,浸泡46 d后,涂层电阻仍为162 M?·cm。结论石墨烯底漆和石墨烯面漆涂层体系对储罐底板在沉积水中具有良好的防护性能,研究成果对油罐底板涂层防护选材具有理论指导意义。     

带锈涂装水性植酸富锌涂层的制备及其耐蚀性能EI北大核心CSCD

带锈涂装涂料在海洋船舶和电力设备领域有着迫切应用需求,而溶剂型带锈涂料难满足绿色环保的要求,水性带锈耐蚀涂料的开发迫在眉睫。通过片状锌粉和植酸的协同作用成功研制一种应用于带锈钢基材表面的环保型水性植酸富锌涂层,采用附着力拉开法、中性盐雾试验、电化学测试检测附着力与耐蚀性能,利用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对腐蚀后涂层表面锈层进行分析,并讨论涂层的防锈转锈机理。结果显示:环氧乳液和固化剂配比为4:1,片状锌粉含量为40%,以植酸为转锈剂时,该涂层对带锈钢基材表现出突出的附着力(11.8MPa)及优异的耐蚀性能。该涂层优势在于:片状锌粉致密堆积延长了腐蚀粒子入侵通道,为基材提供物理屏蔽效果;片状锌粉和钢基材形成若干微电池区,为基材提供牺牲阳极的阴极保护作用;植酸与铁锈形成稳固的植酸铁螯合物,转化锈层进一步保护基材。     

磷酸对氯乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物带锈涂层防腐性能的影响

制备了一种以氯乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物为成膜物质,磷酸作为转化剂的转化型带锈涂料,通过对添加不同质量分数磷酸的涂料样板进行盐雾实验、电化学测试及分析,研究了磷酸含量对带锈涂料性能的影响。通过涂层表面的微观分析,研究了磷酸与铁锈之间的反应情况。结果表明:磷酸主要与铁锈中较活泼的纤铁矿反应,将其转化为致密的磷酸铁膜对基底进行保护。添加10%磷酸的涂层在盐雾实验和电化学实验中较其他涂层表现出了最佳的综合耐蚀性能。     

水性涂料在船舶上的应用研究

采用无皂法制备水性丙烯酸乳液,通过半连续滴加工艺进行无皂乳液聚合反应,利用该乳液制备的涂料,研磨分散过程不易破乳,且漆膜与基材的附着力好。通过分析乳液种类、玻璃化转变温度和配套底漆类型对漆膜的外观形貌、附着力及耐盐雾性能影响,得到影响耐盐雾性能的因素。结果表明：利用无皂法制备的丙烯酸乳液水性内舱面漆膜致密;玻璃化转变温度高的无皂乳液耐盐雾500 h内具有优异的性能,而玻璃化转变温度低的在1000 h盐雾的效果更好一些;与溶剂型环氧底漆、水性环氧底漆都具有良好的配套性能,具有优异的附着力和良好的耐盐雾性能。     

2A12铝合金表面有机复合涂层的耐蚀性能研究

以氟碳面漆、丙烯酸聚氨酯面漆、环氧玻璃鳞片胶泥中间漆、铝合金防腐底漆和底面合一铝合金专用防腐漆为原料,采用不同的配套方案在2A12铝合金表面制备了有机复合涂层,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、中性盐雾实验、极化曲线测试和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试对有机复合涂层的耐蚀性能和耐蚀机理进行了研究。结果表明:有机复合涂层与2A12铝合金基体之间,以及有机复合涂层中各层之间均结合良好;中性盐雾腐蚀30 d后各有机复合涂层仍具有表面光泽,没有出现开裂和剥落;(底漆+中间漆+氟碳面漆)方案的有机复合涂层耐蚀性能最佳,使腐蚀电流密度下降了3个数量级,极化电阻上升了3个数量级,阻抗值提升约2个数量级。     

Ca变质处理耐候钢耐蚀性能的研究

通过盐雾腐蚀实验和周期浸润实验,采用失重法研究了Ca变质处理耐候钢的耐蚀性能,分析了其锈层结构、表面夹杂物形貌与耐蚀机理,结果表明,在盐雾腐蚀实验和周期浸润实验中耐候钢的失重率分别可达到SPHC钢的36.6%和47.9%,Ca变质处理耐候钢具有良好的耐候性能.     

天冬聚脲涂层体系的防腐蚀性能

制备了以天冬聚脲涂料为面漆的重防腐蚀涂层体系,开展了循环盐雾试验、氙灯老化加速试验及吸水率测试。通过形貌观察、能谱分析、电化学测试、涂层厚度及附着力测试等,研究了该涂层体系的防腐蚀性能及腐蚀老化规律。结果表明：天冬聚脲面漆配套以重防腐蚀底漆和中间漆,涂层的耐盐雾腐蚀和光老化性能优异,附着力良好,吸水率低,可有效抵御湿热盐雾大气环境影响,有效防护金属基体。     

养兔场兔笼用Q235钢表面防锈蚀涂层的制备及其性能研究

目的针对养兔场兔笼用Q235钢焊接处表面易锈蚀问题,利用带锈涂料在其表面制备防锈蚀涂层以提高其耐腐蚀能力。方法利用磷酸酯单体和丙烯酸及其脂类单体与乳化液混合得到防锈涂料,按照GB/T 4054—2008在Q235钢表面进行涂覆。通过划圈仪参照GB 1720—1979评价涂层结合力,依据GB/T 6739—2006利用铅笔硬度测定涂层的硬度,通过涡流测厚仪测定涂层厚度,通过烟雾试验、NMP试验、EIS试验、Machu试验评价涂层的耐蚀性能。结果在Q235钢表面制备的防锈蚀涂层与基体的结合力为1级,结合强度高,涂层硬度5级,厚度约为12μm,Machu试验结果表明涂层腐蚀区域较小,显示出较好的抗腐蚀性能。涂层试样经过120 h的NMP试验后依然保持较好的完整度,表现出较好的耐溶胀性能。EIS试验结果说明涂层试样阻抗模值明显低于Q235钢,体现出较好的耐蚀性能。试样涂层经过240 h的盐雾试验后保持完整,体现出较好的耐蚀性能。结论在Q235钢表面制备防锈蚀涂层后,试样的耐蚀性能得到大幅提高。     

锈转化复合涂层制备研究

电力钢结构的喷砂除锈具有一定的危险性,本文研究分析了不同配置方法环氧-磷酸复合锈转化涂料对碳钢表面腐蚀产物的转化效果,结果表明,1:3环氧-磷酸复合锈转化涂层对Q235钢表面锈层具有良好的锈转化能力和防腐蚀效果。     

快干型高固体分环氧防腐底漆的研究

目的研制高性能快干型高固体分环氧防腐底漆。方法将低黏度高活性环氧树脂和普通环氧树脂进行复配,得到可用于高固含涂料的树脂基料;通过分子结构优化设计,合成制备了以酚醛胺改性聚酰胺树脂为主体并结合柔性长链改性胺树脂复配的固化剂体系;利用复配的环氧树脂基料、自制的固化剂体系和无铬防锈颜料等组分研制了快干型高固体分环氧底漆。根据国家标准,进行了力学性能(包括柔韧性、耐冲击性和附着力)、耐环境性能(包括耐湿热、耐盐雾性能)和耐液体介质等涂层性能测试;通过考核涂层耐丁酮擦拭100次是否露底,来表征涂层的固化,采用FTIR手段,动态跟踪环氧固化过程。结果新研制的环氧涂料具有优良的力学性能和防腐性能,涂料的固含量73%,表干时间40 min,适用期8 h,耐盐雾和湿热均能达到5000 h,全面性能已达到国外现役先进材料水平,且工艺性能良好。结论以低黏度高活性环氧树脂为基体,采用酚醛与柔性长链二聚酸改性的聚酰胺固化剂,可制备高性能快干高固体分环氧防腐底漆,在飞机的防护底漆领域具有良好的应用前景。     

海洋大气环境下钢结构耐腐蚀涂装体系及耐蚀性快速测定

为寻找海洋大气环境下钢结构的优异耐腐蚀涂装体系,试验对比了六种涂装体系,给出了三种涂装方案、最佳方案和工艺流程.基于恒电流充电曲线法测定了各涂装的极化电阻,得到的涂装耐腐蚀性结果与盐雾试验结果一致,表明用该方法对钢结构的防腐蚀涂装进行快速定量分析是可行的.     

Incorporation graphene into sprayed epoxy–polyamide coating on carbon steel: corrosion resistance properties

In this study, the graphene incorporated into epoxy–polyamide coatings were successfully obtained on carbon steel substrates by spraying process. The corrosion resistance properties of the coatings were investigated, including salt spray corrosion, sea water corrosion and electrochemical corrosion resistance. The results show that the addition of graphene could improve the corrosion resistance properties of the epoxy–polyamide coatings. The coatings in the presence of graphene had better salt spray corrosion than that in the absence of graphene. The surface of the epoxy–polyamide coating exhibited lots of pitting corrosion. The coatings with the addition of graphene showed better sea water corrosion than the coating without graphene. After drying, the epoxy–polyamide coating in the absence of graphene was broken and failed. The coating with 1?wt-% graphene exhibited the best anticorrosion capability as evidenced by the highest corrosion potential and the lowest corrosion current density. The graphene incorporated into epoxy–polyamide coatings were shown to effectively protect carbon steel against corrosion because the graphene nanosheets could be acted as the good chloride ions, oxygen and water molecules barrier.     

300M钢表面冷喷涂锌镍复合涂层性能研究

目的 研究300M高强钢表面的冷喷涂锌镍复合涂层的涂层性能.方法 采用机械混合的方式将锌粉和镍粉进行混合,利用低温气动喷涂技术在300M高强钢表面制备锌镍复合涂层,采用扫描电子显微镜、能量色散谱和显微硬度测试仪研究涂层的微观组织结构.采用普通中性盐雾加速实验、涂层破损盐雾加速试验及户外暴晒试验,对冷喷涂锌镍涂层的抗腐蚀性能进行综合评价.考核冷喷涂对300M钢基材疲劳性能的影响.结果 根据SEM的表面及截面图片分析,冷啧涂锌镍复合涂层十分致密,且无孔隙及裂纹,涂层的孔隙率平均为0.4％,结合强度40 MPa左右.根据EDS结果分析,锌镍复合涂层中锌的质量分数为85％左右,镍的质量分数为15％左右.锌镍复合涂层的显微硬度为70.8HV0.49.锌镍复合涂层中镍粒子的强化作用,提高了涂层的硬度.冷喷涂锌镍复合涂层具有非常好的抗腐蚀性能,盐雾实验超过770h,即使涂层破损也可以达到600h.户外暴晒实验12个月表面无明显腐蚀,并且冷喷涂对300M钢基材的疲劳性能没有影响.结论 冷喷涂锌镍复合涂层作为抗腐蚀涂层,可以对300M高强钢提供保护.     

Modeling and experimental calibration of the corrosion of RHA steel in immersion and salt-fog environments

ABSTRACT

An investigation into the general and pitting corrosion rates of rolled homogeneous armour (RHA) steel in immersion and salt-fog environments is presented. Although the mechanical properties of RHA steel have been studied, the corrosion effects on RHA steel have not been quantified. An immersion environment of 3.5% NaCl was used to induce corrosion for four immersion samples. A Q-fog corrosion tester was used to simulate a salt-fog/humidity/drying environment for four salt-fog samples. The different mechanisms of corrosion and their rates were quantified through mass loss, laser profilometry and scanning electron microscopy. The immersion samples show a linear rate of corrosion of 1.47?g/year (R²?=?0.994) throughout the entire testing period. The salt-fog samples had a significant mass gain for the first 500?h of corrosion, as the corrosion products are retained. Immersion samples showed no signs of pitting, while the salt-fog samples had sustained pit nucleation, growth, and coalescence.     

溶胶—凝胶法制备的ZrO2涂层对低碳钢腐蚀的保护

采用溶胶－凝胶法在基板上涂覆了ZrO2涂层；通过XRD和SEM研究了热处理温度对涂层相结构和形貌的影响，采用动电位极化曲线评估了涂覆样品的电化学腐蚀行为，并与原始样进行了比较，结果显示，800℃和400℃热处理的涂层有好的耐腐蚀性能，并分别提高低碳钢基板的寿命6．3和2．4倍；相反，600℃热处理的涂层对基板没有腐蚀防护作用。     

稀土—锆共渗对45钢耐蚀性能的影响

利用稀土的活化,催渗作用,在气相条件下实现了锆对４５钢表面的扩渗,采用ＳＥＭ－ＥＤＳ、ＸＰＳ及ＸＲＤ对渗层进行了化学成分分析及物相分析,并通过浸泡试验与湿热试验,中性盐雾试验研究了锆的渗入对４５钢耐蚀性能的影响,结果表明：锆的渗入明显提高了４５钢表面的耐蚀性能。     

Corrosion and surface study of sputtered Al–W coatings with a range of tungsten contents

The corrosion behaviour of sputter-deposited, Al–W coatings with three different concentrations of tungsten (0.6, 3.5 and 11 at.% W) on AA7075 aluminium alloy substrates was investigated in chloride media using EIS, salt-fog tests and surface analyses. The surface analyses were performed with XPS/AES, SEM/EDS and TEM microscopy. The presence of W reduces the thickness of the oxide layer formed after the EIS test, as proved by the compositional depth profile. From the EIS data of the investigated Al–W_x coatings, the polarisation resistance (R_p) and the capacitive behaviour as a function of the immersion time were obtained. A small increase in R_p suggested improved corrosion properties over time. However, the extent of the improvement depends on the content of W and the coating-surface morphology (the presence of growth defects on the coating surface). The capacitive behaviour observed at high frequencies was related to the dielectric properties and the thickness of the barrier oxide film formed. The salt-fog tests to some extent supported the results from the EIS measurements. However, there was a difference between the corrosion EIS and salt-fog test results in the case of the Al₈₉W₁₁ coatings. The thickest oxide layer and the “layering” into the three regions (porous, semi-porous and intact) were observed when the salt-fog corrosion test was performed on the Al₈₉W₁₁ coating. Galvanic corrosion, probably due to the local compositional and structural inhomogeneities, takes place. However, this was not unambiguously observed during the EIS corrosion test.     

碳钢超声磷化及在模拟干热岩地热水中的耐蚀性能

采用环境友好的硫酸羟胺为主要促进剂,避免使用强氧化性物质,并以超声处理来改进磷化工艺。通过动电位极化曲线方法研究了超声、促进剂、pH值和磷化时间对磷化膜耐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,超声处理能够细化磷化颗粒,提高其耐蚀性能。pH值和磷化时间显著影响磷化膜的耐蚀性,需保持在较优的范围。采用电化学阻抗谱研究了优化工艺得到的磷化膜在模拟干热岩地热水中的耐蚀性,发现其电荷转移电阻由碳钢的1.44×10³ Ωcm²增加到3.39×10⁶ Ωcm²。     

Effect of Ni–P and Phosphate Intermediate Layers on Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> Coating Developed by Sol-Gel Method

Sol–gel method was used for applying of alumina coating on carbon steel substrate. Alumina sol was prepared with Al-isopropoxide as a precursor material. Specimens were coated with prepared alumina sol by dip coating technique. Either a film of Ni–P or phosphated intermediate layer has been pre-deposited on the carbon steel substrate by electroless plating to improve the adherence of alumina coating. The corrosion resistance of coatings in the presence of intermediate layers was evaluated by electrochemical measurement in 3.5% NaCl solution by open-circuit potential measurement at room temperature. The abrasive wear behavior of sol–gel coated specimens was measured in high stress conditions. The results indicate that, after applying an intermediate layer of phosphate or Ni–P by electroless plating technique, the wear and corrosion resistance of alumina coating have been improved. Moreover, the phosphate intermediate layer has been associated with a higher corrosion resistance, while the intermediate layer of Ni–P is more effective to improve the hardness and wear resistance of alumina coating.     

超高分子量聚乙烯/石墨烯复合涂层制备及其在海洋装备防护中的应用

目的采用热喷涂技术制备涂层,通过材料选择和结构设计,有效延缓海水对金属基底的腐蚀和冲蚀,并抑制海洋材料表面生物污损等对海洋材料的严重破坏。方法采用高能球磨法制备了聚乙烯-石墨烯(UHMWPE-graphene)复合粉末,用火焰喷涂技术在E235B碳钢基底表面制备UHMWPE和UHMWPE-graphene复合涂层。通过扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜对原始粉末和涂层微观组织进行表征,并通过摩擦磨损实验、电化学测试、生物污损检测,分别评价涂层耐海水冲刷性能、耐腐蚀性能以及抗生物污损特性。结果相对于碳钢和UHMWPE涂层,UHMWPE-graphene复合涂层的腐蚀电位提高和腐蚀电流减小,预示着样品的耐腐蚀特性增强。由于UHMWPE-graphene复合涂层呈现疏水性以及更低的表面能,使其表现出优异的抵抗海藻贴附的能力。添加石墨烯的复合涂层的摩擦系数和磨损率比纯UHMWPE涂层均有一定程度的降低。添加石墨烯质量分数为0.5%时,涂层的摩擦系数由0.236降低到0.195,且磨损率下降了约26%。结论利用火焰热喷涂技术在碳钢表面成功制备了组织致密的UHMWPE涂层、UHMWPE-0.2%graphene和UHMWPE-0.5%graphene复合涂层。石墨烯的添加,能够有效提高涂层在模拟海洋环境中的耐蚀性、抗生物污损性及耐磨性。