离子液体应用于燃料油与燃料气脱硫的研究进展

首先介绍了离子液体脱硫的特点,综述了近几年国内外离子液体在有机硫和无机硫方面的脱除的研究现状。离子液体在脱除燃料油中的噻吩类有机硫和燃料气中的SO2、H2S等无机硫都表现出了很好的性能。该技术有很好的工业应用前景,但是也存在着不足,本文对以后的研究提出了建议。     

无机成因石油工业的一次理论革命？

由中国地球物理学会流体地球专业委员会主办的流体地球科学与巨型成矿带及重大自然灾害学术研讨会日前在北京召开。会上，来自大庆油田勘探开发研究院崔永强博士的《用幔源油气理论指导石油工业》报告引起与会者热烈反响，再次引发理论界对石油成因是无机还是有机的深入探讨和关注。     

致密砂岩气储层的沉积——成岩成因机理探讨与热点问题

致密砂岩气是我国非常规天然气中应用比较广泛的一种,拥有良好的未来发展前景,能够替代常规油气资源进行使用,有效的降低了我国不可再生资源的损耗。我国对于致密砂岩气的开发与勘测存在一定问题,而理清致密砂岩气储层的沉积与成岩成因机理,是解决问题的关键。基于此,本文研究了鄂尔多斯盆地区块内砂岩储层致密的一般认识,在此基础上,论述了鄂尔多斯盆地区块内致密砂岩储层沉积与成岩的成因机理,并对致密砂岩气储层的热点问题展开分析。     

长岭断陷登娄库组天然气成因类型分析

天然气成因类型判识是整个天然气成藏研究的核心内容之一。本文利用天然气组分特征、碳同位素特征等测试资料,对长岭断陷登娄库组天然气的成因类型进行了综合判断。长岭断陷深层（K 1yc＋K 1d）天然气以来自营城组和沙河子组的高-过成熟煤型气为主,并混有部分油型气,不同成因类型天然气的混合导致碳同位素系列的倒转。此外,少数构造可见纯度较高的幔源二氧化碳气藏。因此,综合天然气的地化特征及该区的石油地质条件判断,长岭断陷登娄库组天然气既有有机成因气,也不排除无机成因的可能。     

无机成因烃类气体地球化学研究综述

油气成因理论是当今前沿科学的重大课题之一,而且是一个一直有争议的问题.本文简要综述油气成因相关理论与大家共勉.     

浅析油气历史成因及目前采油技术

从近200年来油气工业多次重大理论创新,使人类发现油气藏的深度、分布区域和可采储量不断突破"禁"区,推动着找油气的领域连续翻新的历史现象分析入手,对油气到底来自何方进行了探讨;从技术的结构性和功能性分析出发,将当采技术与油气历史成因学说联系起来,构思了油气资源评价系统。据此认为油气能源仍将是本世纪甚至下世纪不可替代的主要能源。最后展望了石油勘探的当采技术。     

重庆市有机无机肥料调研报告

介绍了全国及北京、湖南、陕西、广东、河南、吉林、山东、重庆的有机肥料资源及利用情况;有机肥料企业、有机无机复合(混)肥料行业的概况;有机无机复合(混)优化配方、技术开发;我国发展有机肥、有机无机肥存在的问题及发展前景。     

北京市有机无机复合(混)肥资源变化情况

介绍了全国及北京、湖南、陕西、广东、河南、吉林、山东、重庆的有机肥料资源及利用情况;有机肥料企业、有机无机复合(混)肥料行业的概况;有机无机复合(混)优化配方、技术开发;我国发展有机肥、有机无机肥存在的问题及发展前景。     

湖南省有机无机高效复混肥的配方研发及应用初探

介绍了全国及北京、湖南、陕西、广东、河南、吉林、山东、重庆的有机肥料资源及利用情况;有机肥料企业、有机无机复合(混)肥料行业的概况;有机无机复合(混)优化配方、技术开发;我国发展有机肥、有机无机肥存在的问题及发展前景。     

有机无机复合肥养分协同优化技术研究

介绍了全国及北京、湖南、陕西、广东、河南、吉林、山东、重庆的有机肥料资源及利用情况;有机肥料企业、有机无机复合（混）肥料行业的概况;有机无机复合（混）优化配方、技术开发;我国发展有机肥、有机无机肥存在的问题及发展前景。     

无机-有机高分子复合絮凝剂研究与应用

综述了两大类无机一有机高分子复合絮凝剂——无机一合成有机高分子复合絮凝剂和无机一天然高分子复合絮凝剂的发展及其在废水处理中的应用,同时对它们的作用机理进行了概括和归纳,最后对当前无机一有机高分子复合絮凝剂存在的问题及发展方向提出了几点见解。     

有机/无机酸复合掺杂导电聚苯胺的合成及性能研究

采用化学氧化聚合法以苯胺为单体,过硫酸胺为氧化剂,在有机/无机混合酸的水溶液中合成导电聚苯胺.考察了有机/无机混合酸对聚苯胺性能的影响,并通过四探针、差热分析、红外光谱及拉曼光谱研究聚苯胺掺杂前后结构的变化.结果表明,当聚合温度为20℃、磺基水杨酸和硫酸的摩尔浓度比为0.25:1时,掺杂态聚苯胺电导率和溶解度达到最大值;其中电导率可达13.5 S·cm~(-1),在氮甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)中溶解度可达85%.差热分析表明,有机/无机酸复合掺杂聚苯胺热稳定性较单一酸掺杂聚苯胺热稳定性有很大的提高;红外光谱和拉曼光谱表明;掺杂后聚苯胺具有导电性是因为其分子链上电荷离域形成了共轭结构.     

松辽盆地北部升深2-1区块营城组火山岩气藏成藏条件分析

通过对松辽盆地北部深层烃源岩、储盖层、圈闭等各项成藏关键因素分析,认为松辽盆地北部断陷期湖相泥岩和煤岩是重要的生烃层系,以登二段、泉一、二段和青一段三套区域盖层分开了四套天然气生储盖组合。升深2-1区块营城组三段火山岩天然气藏,其主要烃源岩为沙河子组煤层,储层为营城组三段火山岩,盖层为泉一、二段滨浅湖相泥岩的含边底水的岩性-构造气藏。     

无机有机联合改性海泡石对苯的吸附特性研究

室内的苯污染主要由装修、装饰材料引起,苯作为一级致癌物,长时间接触会引起许多慢性疾病,如何降低室内苯污染的问题已越来越受到广泛关注.有研究证明海泡石可用于土壤、水和大气污染治理,因此对提纯海泡石进行了水热改性、酸改性和水热酸浸联合无机改性,而后进行三甲氧基苯基硅烷(PTMOS)有机改性,并对改性海泡石吸附苯的性能和机理...     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Oil and Gas Produced Water Management: A Review of Treatment Technologies,Challenges, and Opportunities

Produced water (PW), which could be a complex mixture of different organic and inorganic compounds (mostly salts, minerals, and oils), is a major wastewater generated during oil/gas production due to increased oil and gas production, particularly with usability of shale oil/gas reserves, the volume of this effluent is increasing around the world, and as a consequence, its discharge to the environment is one of the global concerns. There are various physical and chemical methods to treat the PW. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages when used for offshore or onshore units. However, comprehensive and deep-understanding of each issue can provide a guideline for better and more practical solutions. In this work, various physical and chemical treatment methods as well as membrane separation technology are reviewed based on the recent literature. Moreover, challenges and opportunities of each method applied to PW treatment are comprehensively discussed. Furthermore, alternatives for reuse of treated PW are suggested and discussed.     

Effect of Interfacial Adhesion on the Mechanical Properties of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanolaminates

Two different kinds of organic polyelectrolyte (PE)/inorganic silicate nanolaminates carrying dissimilar interfacial adhesion between the organic and the inorganic layers were prepared using the layer-by-layer self-assembly. To investigate the mechanical behavior of the prepared hybrid films, apparent modulus (E'), hardness (H), and crack length were measured by depth-sensing nanoindentation as well as a microVickers experiment. The fracture toughness of the hybrid films was then calculated based on the measured mechanical values. In the case of forming strong interfacial adhesion between the organic and the inorganic layers (A series), the fracture toughness and the crack resistance of hybrid multilayer films were significantly improved as a result of the redistribution of stress concentration and the dissipation of fracture energy by the plasticity of organic PE layers. On the other hand, samples with relatively low interfacial adhesion between the organic and the inorganic layers (T series) had little effect on the improvement of fracture toughness of the hybrid films.     

Effect of Interfacial Adhesion on the Mechanical Properties of Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanolaminates

Two different kinds of organic polyelectrolyte (PE)/inorganic silicate nanolaminates carrying dissimilar interfacial adhesion between the organic and the inorganic layers were prepared using the layer-by-layer self-assembly. To investigate the mechanical behavior of the prepared hybrid films, apparent modulus (E′), hardness (H), and crack length were measured by depth-sensing nanoindentation as well as a microVickers experiment. The fracture toughness of the hybrid films was then calculated based on the measured mechanical values. In the case of forming strong interfacial adhesion between the organic and the inorganic layers (A series), the fracture toughness and the crack resistance of hybrid multilayer films were significantly improved as a result of the redistribution of stress concentration and the dissipation of fracture energy by the plasticity of organic PE layers. On the other hand, samples with relatively low interfacial adhesion between the organic and the inorganic layers (T series) had little effect on the improvement of fracture toughness of the hybrid films.     

Supramolecular Materials from Inorganic Building Blocks

Inorganic materials of nanometric dimensions and controllable morphologies are now widely available permitting their use as building blocks in supramolecular structures. Incorporation of inorganic blocks into hybrid structures can yield unique materials that have no naturally occurring or organic synthetic analogues. In this short review, we describe the construction and functions of supramolecular materials prepared using inorganic building blocks, with emphasis on material-like components. Examples described in this review are categorized as (i) inorganic structures within organic assemblies (silica-supported Langmuir monolayers, organic–inorganic lipid bilayer vesicles etc.), (ii) organic components in inorganic nanospaces (mesoporous materials including biocomponents such as peptides and proteins), (iii) organic/inorganic nanohybrid blends (nanorod-liquid crystal blends and surfactant-guided gold nanostructures), and (iv) hierarchic structures (layer-by-layer assemblies of mesoporlous carbons and capsules).     

无机光致变色材料的研究进展

感光材料是现代社会中非常重要的一类材料,它被广泛应用在建筑、信息、照明、汽车等方面。在众多感光材料中,无机光致变色材料凭借其优异的光、电、磁性能长期以来受到青睐,是近些年的研究热点。其种类主要包括多金属氧酸盐、过渡金属氧化物、金属卤化物、金属叠氮化物等。由于无机材料不易进行分子修饰与剪裁,因此将无机和有机感光材料复合而成的复合感光材料也吸引着越来越多的人的兴趣,其中主要是无机/高分子复合体系。复合感光材料将是一个重要的研究方向,它将有更加广阔的应用前景。