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《食品工业科技》2008,(07):102-104
测定了10个不同品种龙眼果肉中的多酚氧化酶活性。结果表明:华路广眼的多酚氧化酶活力最强,为25440U/(g.min),而罗伞木最弱,为9120U/(g.min)。以石硖为试材,对其多酚氧化酶的性质进行研究时发现:龙眼多酚氧化酶酶促褐变反应动力学符合米氏方程所描述的单底物酶促反应动力学,相应的动力学参数Km=0.64mol/L,Vmax=0.12U/min;且底物过量时,多酚氧化酶活性随其加入量的增大而迅速增大,但底物逐渐饱和时其活性增加减缓直至饱和值。在灭酶条件研究中发现:多酚氧化酶粗酶液在100℃水浴中处理1min即完全失活;而果浆中的多酚氧化酶在100℃水浴中处理5min才能完全失活。实验还测得石硖中过氧化物酶活力为4440U/(g.min),且其果浆中过氧化物酶在100℃水浴中处理7min完全失活。 相似文献
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龙眼果肉中多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶性质研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
测定了10个不同品种龙眼果肉中的多酚氧化酶活性.结果表明:华路广眼的多酚氧化酶活力最强,为25440U/(g·min),而罗伞木最弱,为9120U/(g·min).以石硖为试材,对其多酚氧化酶的性质进行研究时发现:龙眼多酚氧化酶酶促褐变反应动力学符合米氏方程所描述的单底物酶促反应动力学,相应的动力学参数Km=0.64mol/L,Vmax=0.12U/min;且底物过量时,多酚氧化酶活性随其加入量的增大而迅速增大,但底物逐渐饱和时其活性增加减缓直至饱和值.在灭酶条件研究中发现:多酚氧化酶粗酶液在100℃水浴中处理1min即完全失活;而果浆中的多酚氧化酶在100℃水浴中处理5min才能完全失活.实验还测得石硖中过氧化物酶活力为4440 U/(g·min),且其果浆中过氧化物酶在100℃水浴中处理7min完全失活. 相似文献
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采用量压法、分光光度法和KI-淀粉法测定了一系列经不同程度热处理的脂肪氧合酶酶活力.分析了3种方法的优缺点和相关性,结果表明相关性良好,其中,量压法具有最广泛的酶液适用性,分光光度法灵敏度最高,KI-淀粉法更适合于工业化应用. 相似文献
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脂肪氧合酶催化亚油酸影响因素的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
脂肪氧合酶催化亚油酸生成13位的氢过氧化物(HPOD),在过氧化物酶的作用下可生成具有青草芬芳的自然风味的化合物。为了得到大量的具有该种风味的化合物,本文对其中间产物13S-HPOD的形成因素作了研究,利用分光光度法进行检测,由实验得出:在底物浓度为2.54mmol/L,pH9,温度为0-5℃,缓冲液体积为30%时,生成的HPOD的量最大。 相似文献
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Impact of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide and High Pressure on Lipoxygenase and Peroxidase Activity 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
The effects of supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) treatment and high hydrostatic pressure treatment on the activities of lipoxygenase (LOX) and peroxidase (POD) were studied. Hydrostatic pressure treatment (240 MPa, 55 °C, 15 min) of LOX and POD in 30% sucrose solutions without buffer led to approximately 80% and approximately 50% residual activity, respectively. Application of ScCO2 (35.2 MPa, 40 °C, 15 min for LOX and 62.1 MPa, 55 °C, 15 min for POD) achieved approximately 35% LOX and approximately 65% POD inactivity in 30 % sucrose solutions. Total inactivation of LOX (10.3 MPa, 50 °C and 15 min) and of POD (62.1 MPa, 55 °C and 15 min) could be achieved through ScCO2 treatment of unbuffered solution. Increasing the concentration of sucrose and buffering (pH range 4 to 9) of enzyme solutions resulted in increased resistance of the enzymes to ScCO2 treatment. 相似文献
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Thermal Inactivation Kinetics of Peroxidase and Lipoxygenase from Broccoli, Green Asparagus and Carrots 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
ABSTRACT: Thewermal inactivation curves for peroxidase (POD) and lipoxygenase (LOX) in broccoli (florets), green asparagus (tip and stem), and carrots (cortex and core) extracts were determined in the range of 70 to 95 °C for 0 to 600 s. The capillary tube method was used to obtain quasi-isothermal conditions. The kinetics of both enzymes showed a biphasic first-order model, while at 70 °C, LOX in asparagus showed a monophasic first-order behavior. LOX activity was not detected for carrots. Kinetic parameters, k and Ea , were determined for heat-labile and heatresistant isoenzyme fractions. Additionally, initial and residual activities for both enzymes within tissue sections showed a different distribution and heat stability. 相似文献
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啤酒生产过程中氧化还原酶系的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
啤酒生产过程中的氧化还原酶与啤酒风味陈化紧密相关。低水分下,其耐温活性远高于其它几种酶,在麦芽中酶活升高比例最大(与大麦中的酶活相比),其在糖化过程中氧化多酚的能力远大于多酚氧化酶。糖化过程中迅速失活,而脂肪酸氧化酶在糖化起始的低温阶段仍有部分酶活,影响不饱和脂肪酸的氧化。焙燥过程中适当延长50~70℃温度段时间,可有效降低麦芽中氧化还原酶的酶活。结合这些酶的性质,从部分抑制它们的活性角度出发,在糖化过程中,于50~60℃进行隔氧处理,可经济、有效的减少影响风味氧化的前驱物质的含量。同一质量等级不同品种的麦芽的氧化还原酶系差别相当大,相应制得的麦汁中与风味氧化有关的物质含量也有较大差别,这可能是造成不同批次原料酿造的成品啤酒风味保鲜期不稳定的原因之一。 相似文献
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The effect of blanching treatments and packaging materials on lipoxygenase (LOX) and peroxidase (POD) activity and fatty acid stability of two cultivars of sweet corn (Jubilee and GH-2684) were evaluated during 9 mo storage at ?20°C. Complete inactivation of LOX and POD was obtained with 9 and 15 min of steam blanching, respectively. Relative fatty acid content revealed no change in fatty acid composition during storage. Control of degradation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) did not depend on oxygen permeability of different packaging materials. Blanching had little effect on PUFA degradation after 9 mo storage. 相似文献
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Kinetic Parameters for the Thermal Inactivation of Peroxidase and Lipoxygenase in Precooked Frozen Brassica Species 下载免费PDF全文
John Pérez‐Calderón Alicia Califano María Victoria Santos Noemí Zaritzky 《Journal of food science》2017,82(6):1378-1386
Thermal inactivation of peroxidase (POD) and lipoxygenase (LOX), both enzymes present in broccoli and Brussels sprouts, is required before freezing, to obtain high‐quality precooked frozen vegetables. Rate constants of a 1st‐order biphasic model for the heat‐labile and heat‐resistant POD and LOX isoenzymes were determined at different temperatures (75, 80, and 90 °C) and the corresponding activation energies were estimated using nonlinear regressions. In the case of Brussels sprouts, the activation energies for the resistant and labile fractions were 56.3 and 62.5 kJ/mol for POD and 63.7 and 65.8 kJ/mol for LOX, respectively. For Brussels sprouts, different precooking times were tested to analyze the effect of residual enzyme activity on quality parameters and sensory attributes, after a frozen storage of 4 mo at ?20 °C. A significant reactivation of enzyme activity after frozen storage was observed (especially in the case of POD) for short precooking times (<6 min) leading to low‐quality parameters at the interior zone of the vegetable. A precooking time of 6 min at 90 °C allowed an adequate inactivation of LOX and POD obtaining a high‐quality final frozen vegetable. A sensory analysis confirmed the global acceptability of the product. The obtained results are relevant to define the precooking stage conditions in the production of frozen cruciferous vegetables. 相似文献
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甘蓝POD的最适pH为5-6之间;在100℃的热烫温度下随着热烫时间的延长,POD酶活降低,而贮藏2d后酶活的再生量先增大后降低,在热处理时间为1-1.5min时达到最大值;Na^+和Ca^2+显著抑制POD酶活力。因此,当热处理温度为100℃加热2min,热处理液pH为8,ZnCl2浓度为100mg/L,CaCl2300mg/L时,可基本破坏甘蓝中的POD酶活,且甘蓝的质构和色泽较好。 相似文献
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本实验以大豆为原料,经硫酸铵沉淀、葡聚糖凝胶柱G200分离沉淀,得到2种脂肪氧合酶(L0x):LOX.1,LOX.2。对这两种同工酶的部分特性进行研究。其中LOX-1的反应最适pH为7.0,在pH9.0时无活性。而LOX-2最适pH为9.0,在pH7.0时也表现出较强活性。最适温度均为25℃。两种同工酶的热稳定性结果表明,LOX.1和LOX.2在40℃活性稳定,加热温度高于50℃时,活性急剧下降。在亚油酸为底物的反应体系中,LOX.1和LOX.2的K。值分别为8.2、12.2mmol/L。并对Ca2+、Na+、Cu2+、和Fe3+等不同的金属离子表现出不同的反应活性。 相似文献
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