两步法制备椰壳基微孔活性炭

A novel two-step procedure was used to manufacture microporous activated carbon from raw coconut shell. In this process, the raw coconut shell was （1） heated in an inert environment to temperatures between 450℃ and 850℃, and reacted with oxygen （ PO2=1.1-5.3kPa） for some time, and （2） heated again in inert environment to activation temperature（850℃） to produce an activated carbon. Activated carbons with specific surface area greater than 700m^2.g^-1 were manufactured with a yield between 24% and 28%. It was shown that the carbon had a narrow distribution of pore size, possibly less than lnm, which was calculated by a simple method based on local density function theory.     

物理活化法制备竹活性炭的研究

本研究以可再生的、资源丰富的赣南毛竹为原料,先以N2为炭化介质进行炭化,然后以CO2作为活化介质对炭化产物进行活化,制备出竹材活性炭.综合考察活化温度和时间等对最终产品收率和亚甲基蓝吸附值的影响.通过N2吸附等温线初步分析吸附过程,确定制备工艺并进行优化,并对制备的竹活性炭进行扫描电镜和透射电镜的结构表征.     

磷酸法竹屑活性炭制备及其表征

以竹屑为原料,利用磷酸活化法成功制备了具有高吸附性能的活性炭.通过正交实验,分别考察了磷酸浓度、炭化温度、炭化时间、活化温度及活化时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响.结果 表明,活性炭吸附性能受制备条件影响顺序为磷酸浓度﹥炭化时间﹥炭化温度﹥活化温度﹥活化时间;最优工艺为:磷酸溶液比重为45°Be(婆美度),炭化温度200℃,...     

国内外活性炭制备发展动态

对近年来国内外活性炭制造所采用的方法和原料进行了综述和比较.     

硼酸活化法制备粘胶基活性炭纤维

用硼酸化学活化法制备了粘胶基活性炭纤维,对硼酸浸泡工艺条件 应的碳化活化条件进行了筛选,所制得的纤维形状、柔软的产品,得率达３４％－３８％,比表面积达５００－６００ｍ＾２／ｇ。探讨了碳化活化的机理。     

孔隙发达竹质活性炭的制备及其电化学性能

以毛竹废料为原料采用磷酸活化法制备了孔隙发达的活性炭,根据77 K氮气吸附等温线对其结构性质进行了表征.以具有最高比表面积的活性炭为电极材料组装双电层电容器,测试了其充放电性质和循环伏安特性.实验结果表明:在实验考察范围内,活化所得产品具有较高比表面积(1485～2127 m2/g)并含有大量中孔,中孔体积为0.43～0.67 cm3/g,活性炭总孔容最高达1.53 cm3/g.以活性炭为电极材料的双电层电容器具有良好的充放电性能和功率特性,电极比电容达197 F/g.     

活性炭制备及其活化机理研究进展

对活性炭制备的水蒸汽活化法、CO2活化法、KOH活化法、ZnCl2活化法、H3PO4活化法和模板合成法的活化机理分别进行了探讨,总结了这几种活化法的优缺点,并对活性炭制备的研究现状及发展趋势进行了评述。     

活性炭脱硫剂制备影响因素分析

从原料选择、炭化条件和活化条件出发,结合脱硫机理分析了制备活性炭的最佳原料和最佳条件。结果表明：（１）半焦是脱硫剂的理想原料;（２）脱灰和预氧化有利于孔结构和比表面积发展;（３）ＣＯ２活化对增大比表面积有利,水蒸气活化主要扩大孔径;Ｏ２活化和化学活化对改变表面化学结构有利。     

氢氧化钾法制备竹活性炭

以林业废弃物竹屑为原料,氢氧化钾为活化剂制备高性能活性炭。采用3因素3水平正交试验设计法考察活化温度、活化时间以及浸渍时间对产品吸附性能的影响。在最佳条件下,料液比1:4,浸渍时间1 h,活化温度900℃和活化时间90 min。制得的活性炭具有发达的微孔隙结构,比表面积高达2415 m²/g。     

梧桐树叶基活性炭的制备研究

研究了制备梧桐树叶基活性炭的影响因素。以深秋梧桐树叶为原料,采用微波辐照磷酸活化法制备了梧桐树叶基活性炭,并对影响梧桐树叶基活性炭吸附性能的因素进行了研究。选取微波功率、辐照时间、液固比、活化剂浓度为影响因素,以碘吸附值作为评价指标,通过正交实验确定了梧桐树叶基活性炭的最佳制备条件;分析了各影响因素对梧桐树叶基活性炭性能的影响程度。以碘吸附值作为评价指标,最佳水平组合为微波功率800 W、辐照时间8 min、活化剂浓度80%、液固比为3 mL.g-1,在此条件下制备的梧桐树叶基活性炭碘吸附值大于618.78 mg.g-1。各影响因素对梧桐树叶基活性炭性能的影响程度依次为活化时间>液固比>微波功率>磷酸浓度。     

磷酸活化法活性炭的吸附性能和孔结构特性

采用磷酸活化法在不同操作条件下制备得到各种活性炭,实验测定了相应活性炭的亚甲蓝吸附值、氮气吸附等温线及活性炭的比表面积和孔容。分别研究了磷酸活化法制备活性炭的主要操作参数,如浸渍比、活化时间和活化温度对活性炭吸附性能和活性炭的孔结构特征的影响。实验结果表明,浸渍比是磷酸活化法制备活性炭的最重要的影响因素。综合考虑活性炭的吸附性能和孔结构特征受活化操作参数的影响规律,探讨了磷酸活化法生产木质活性炭的最优操作参数。在实验范围内,磷酸活化法制备木质活性炭的最优操作条件宜选择浸渍比为100％～150％、500℃左右活化温度和60～90min的活化时间。     

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Eucalyptus Sawdust I. Activated by NaOH

Eucalyptus sawdust was used as a precursor to prepare activated carbon using NaOH as a chemical activation agent. The effect of preparation conditions on the characteristics of the produced activated carbon used as an adsorbent was investigated. The performance of the activated carbon was characterized by N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation, Barett–Joyner–Halenda equation, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared analysis. When the eucalyptus sawdust mass was 30.00 g, with particle sizes between 0.25 and 0.42 mm, and the sawdust was heated and charred before activation by NaOH, the optimized conditions for the preparation of activated carbon was found to be as follows: mass ratio of NaOH to eucalyptus sawdust, 1:2; activation time, 30 min; and activation temperature, 700 °C. The Iodine number and BET surface area of the produced activated carbon was 899 and 1.12 × 10³ m² g^?1, respectively, with a 13.3 % yield. Activated carbon exhibits adsorption isotherms of type IV. The total pore volume, micropore volume and average pore diameter were recorded as 0.636, 0.160 cm³ g^?1 and 2.27 nm, respectively. The pore structure of the activated carbon is mainly mesoporous. Carbonyl and hydroxyl groups may also exist on the activated carbon surface.     

Activated Carbon by Potassium Carbonate Activation from Pine Sawdust (Pinus montezumae Lamb.)

Activated carbon (AC) was gained from Pinus montezumae (PM) wood sawdust and chemical activation with K₂CO₃ was used for obtaining activated carbons. Variations in reaction conditions such as temperature, impregnation ratio (IR), and activation time were carried out to study their influence on the specific surface area (SSA) and average pore volume (APV) in AC. Materials were analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the functional groups, pore structure, and morphology of pine sawdust and activated carbons. Activated carbons were amorphous in nature with some crystalline regions.     

竹质活性炭的真空化学法制备及吸附性能研究

以竹质生物质为原料、ZnCl2为活化剂,对其进行真空化学活化。探讨了浸渍比(活化剂和竹粉的质量比)、浸渍时间、活化温度、活化时间等因素对活性炭产物吸附性能的影响。结果表明,真空条件下以ZnCl2为活化剂制备的竹质活性炭碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值较大,分别为1314.04 mg/g、321.07 mg/g;最佳工艺条件为:浸渍比150%,浸渍时间24 h,活化温度为600℃,活化时间为60 min。     

化学活化法制枣核基活性炭研究

以陕北清涧红枣核为原料,Zn Cl2为活化剂,采用化学活化法制备了活性炭。研究了浸渍比、活化时间以及活化温度等参数对活性炭收率、碘吸附值以及结构性能的影响。结果表明,在本实验条件下,当氯化锌与原料比为0.8,活化温度为700℃,活化时间为60 min时,所制得的活性炭的碘吸附值达到最高值,为1114.6 mg/g;BET比表面积为1031 m2/g,最高单点吸附总孔体积为0.504 cm3/g,BJH吸附平均孔径为3.364 nm,活性炭的收率为41.6%。     

磷酸活化法制备糠醛渣活性炭的研究

以碘吸附值、亚甲基蓝吸附值及活性炭得率为考察指标,选取对糠醛渣活性炭性质影响较大的浸渍比、磷酸质量分数、活化温度、保温时间4个因素进行L₁₆(4⁵)正交试验对磷酸活化法制备糠醛渣活性炭的工艺条件进行优化。由正交试验结果得到磷酸活化的最佳工艺条件为:磷酸质量分数60%,浸渍比2.5:1,活化温度550 ℃,保温1.5 h,此条件下制得的活性炭样品的碘吸附值为839.6 mg/g,亚甲基蓝吸附值为260.3 mg/g,得率为46.8%,比表面积为830.20 m²/g,孔容积为0.502 cm³/g,孔径集中在0.8~2.5 nm,具有丰富的中孔和微孔。     

KOH活化焦油渣制备活性炭的研究

以武钢焦化公司焦油渣为原料,KOH为活化剂,采用正交实验研究了活化温度、活化时间、碱炭比（氢氧化钾与焦化除尘灰的质量比）和炭化温度对所制活性炭吸附性能的影响,得出制备焦油渣基活性炭影响因素主次顺序为活化温度、活化时间、碱炭比、炭化温度,最佳活化条件为活化温度为800℃,活化时间为100min,碱炭比为4：1,炭化温度为400℃。在此条件下制备活性炭的碘吸附值为1300．765mg／g。     

农林废弃物制备活性炭的化学方法

综述了三种化学活化法制备活性炭的方法及其效果,并分析了化学活化法的优缺点,为今后制备活性炭提供了参考。