全新的NI PXI模块为高通道系统提供精确的同步

20 0 4年 2月 17日 ,NI推出全新的PXI 665 3定时和同步模块 ,利用该模块可达 40 0 0 0通道的高通道系统 ,并提高单个机箱系统的定时功能。这一定时和同步模块为高通道系统的多机箱同步提供了时钟生成和信号路由 ,此外还能在单个PXI机箱中的模块间实现精确的同步。它的特点在于板上时钟路由、PXI触发和星型触发信号 ;能够导入和导出极为稳定的时钟参考 ;并且能以 711nHz的分辨率产生精确的时钟。PXI 665 3模块简化了系统开发 ,并提高了测量精度。这是通过避免电缆长度匹配和信号传输延迟这些挑战传统机架堆叠式测试系统的问题来实现的…     

智能化综放工作面顶煤厚度探测方法

提前探测综放工作面顶煤厚度可为精准控制放顶煤提供依据,有利于实现放煤采出率和煤质的平衡。通过分析探地雷达探测煤岩界面及煤层厚度的原理,设计了一种用于探测顶煤厚度的探地雷达装置,进一步提出了基于探地雷达的智能化综放工作面顶煤厚度探测方法:通过探地雷达装置发射和接收雷达脉冲波,接收信号经放大、采样、积分等处理形成雷达帧,通过WiFi方式实时传输至无人采煤机控制单元,最终传输至集控室控制台,由煤岩分界面提取软件处理、分析反射信号波形与灰度图,根据反射信号最大幅值与最小幅值确定煤岩分界面位置,通过最大或最小幅值位置与雷达脉冲发射起点的时间差计算出煤层厚度。在王家岭煤矿12309综放工作面对该方法进行测试,结果表明:某处雷达反射波灰度图解释的顶煤厚度探测结果为3.383m,与人工测量的实际值(3.16m)误差为7%;可探测最大顶煤厚度为5m,最大探测误差不超过10%,满足实际探测需求。     

分布式控制系统精确时钟同步技术

为了克服传统的分布式测量和控制系统存在的诸多缺点,提出了传输和同步系统时钟的新方案.该方案采用IEEE 1588精确时钟同步协议以及在控制系统中广泛应用的以太网来实现.实现过程中,由硬件辅助生成时间戳,保证了系统对主从时钟的偏移时间和报文传输的延迟时间的测量、计算和精确控制.测试结果表明,从时钟的同步精度能够满足系统的应用需求,减少了测控系统中的专用时钟线缆的连接数,对类似的时钟同步需求具有很好的推广应用价值.     

精确时钟协议的最优主时钟算法

IEEE1588标准是测量和控制领域的精确时钟同步协议,通过控制网络同步全系统设备的时钟。在不需要太多资源的情况下,能达到高精度的时钟同步;该协议规定了系统内只有一个主时钟,其他的设备的时钟都要和该主时钟同步,因此主时钟的选择好坏对于时钟的同步精度至关重要;文中研究了最优主时钟的算法思想、原理和组成,设计了实现最优主时钟算法的功能模块和方法,并使用测试系统对模块的功能进行了相应的仿真测试;实验结果表明,设计的功能模块能够轻松的选择到系统的最优主时钟,验证了最优主时钟算法的可行性和有效性,为精确时钟同步协议的进一步应用奠定了基础。     

局域网环境下的时钟同步与保持

针对局域网环境下系统仿真的时钟同步需求,提出了一种时钟同步与保持方法.首先建立客户端与授时服务器的网络连接,通过多次网络通信,得到客户端与授时服务器时间差的不等式组,通过解不等式组求出时间差的有效范围,这样有效地提高了时钟同步的精度.然后通过两个校准时间参考点对系统的脉冲频率进行校准,使得已同步的时钟得以保持,从而避免了在仿真应用中频繁地进行同步,节省了时间开销.实验结果表明,这种方法的同步误差在50μs左右,且可以在较长时间内保持.     

TDOA定位系统基站时差估计技术的仿真研究

针对TDOA定位系统基站失去严格同步后定位误差增大的情况,提出了一种基于地理位置时间差GTD的基站时差估计方法.通过在定位网络内部署位置已知的定位辅助单元LAU,测量失去严格同步的定位基站之间的相对时差RTD,用于校准TDOA测量值,使TDOA误差减小到基站严格同步时的误差水平.设计并实现了系统仿真模型,通过仿真验证了采用该技术可减小TDOA系统定位基站的时钟飘移造成的定位误差,并分析了各种信号参数对RTD测量误差的影响.     

广播电视时钟同步发生器的设计与实现

广播电视节目都是经过延时才进行传输的,如果延时没达到同步则会导致信号失帧、音频和视频信号出现不同步的情况,这便需要精确的时钟同步系统来进行时间控制。文章从时钟设计原理出发,深入研究了时钟同步发生器的设计原理,实现了硬件、通信和芯片电路的设计,为广播电视技术维护人员在进行时钟的同步设备选型、维修和系统设计时提供了一定价值的参考。     

以太网精确时钟协议的研究与实现

分析了面向测量和控制系统的精确时钟同步协议IEEE1588标准,研究了通过以太网实现精确时钟协议的思想、原理和算法,以及数据包时间戳的生成方式;设计了精确时钟协议的具体实现方式,使用DP83640芯片,实现了以太网硬件辅助生成时间戳,分析了系统的原理、组成和功能;最后通过以太网搭建了测试系统,对不同的网络负载情况进行了主从时钟的同步精度测试;测试结果验证了通过以太网传输和同步时钟,能够容易达到微秒级的同步精度,能够满足系统对时钟精度的应用需求,也进一步拓宽了以太网的应用范围.     

基于GPS授时及时钟细分的管线破坏定位

为了保证管道输送的正常运行,对管道进行破坏预警监测具有极为重要的现实意义,快速、准确地判定事发地点是预警监测的重要内容.设计了管道预警监测及定位的系统方案,分析了其监测定位原理,并指出破坏声波信号传输至上、下游相邻各监控站点的时间差是影响精确定位的主要因素,详细阐述了运用GPS授时为基准的时钟同步细分技术,更精确地捕获声波信号到达相邻各监控站点的时刻,实验效果良好.为快速、精确定位破坏事发位置提供一种新的有效的技术.     

精确时钟同步系统原理及在民航空管系统中的应用探讨

由于民航空中交通管理模式的变革,精确时钟同步对于保障民航的飞行安全具有非常重要的意义。本文将在对精确时钟同步系统原理进行简要阐述后,结合民航空管系统时钟系统建设和应用的实例,探讨精确时钟同步系统在民航空管空管的应用和意义。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.