Efficient Modulation for Band-Limited Channels

This paper attempts to present a comprehensive tutorial survey of the development of efficient modulation techniques for bandlimited channels, such as telephone channels. After a history of advances in commercial high-speed modems and a discussion of theoretical limits, it reviews efforts to optimize two-dimensional signal constellations and presents further elaborations of uncoded modulation. Its principal emphasis, however, is on coded modulation techniques, in which there is an explosion of current interest, both for research and for practical application. Both block-coded and trellis-coded modulation are covered, in a common framework. A few new techniques are presented.     

Ball localization and tracking in a highly dynamic table soccer environment

This article presents the development of a ball localization and tracking algorithm, that is to be applied in a highly dynamic table soccer environment. The described approach is based on an earlier survey paper on object tracking, where a general selection procedure on object detection and tracking techniques was proposed. Although the survey paper presents a variety of state estimation techniques for tracking, this article describes why these are not well suited for our specific application. For this reason, an IMM estimation technique is adopted that has not been applied in this highly dynamic context before. To evaluate the IMM estimator, it is compared to the well-known and commonly used Kalman filter, that has been optimally tuned for this specific application.     

摄录像技术设备的发展现状与趋势

以时间为线索，阐述世界内电电视系统中主要技术环节的摄录像技术设备的变革过程，分析摄录像技术设备的应用现状、主要技术特点和未来发展趋势。     

Some problems in the asymptotic theory of diffraction

The paper is a review of asymptotic methods in the theory of diffraction and emphasizes Soviet contributions. Without going into mathematical details it presents a survey of a number of applications of ray techniques and their generalizations to problems of diffraction.     

Telecommunications Integrated Network

This paper presents a short general survey of the integrated network problems. How digital techniques can provide new capabilities of transmission and switching of the information that could allow the progressive realization of a single universal network of telecommunications is examined.     

Power Optimization in VLSI Layout: A Survey

This paper presents a survey of layout techniques for designing low power digital CMOS circuits. It describes the many issues facing designers at the physical level of design abstraction and reviews some of the techniques and tools that have been proposed to overcome these difficulties.     

Field measurements made in an enclosure

This paper presents a survey of radiated emission and susceptibility measurement methods which can be employed to evaluate the electromagnetic interference (EMI) characteristics of electronic systems. The paper reviews conventional anechoic-chamber and shieldedenclosure-measurement methods, as well as alternate methods which have been developed to circumvent measurement problems associated with radiated measurements in conventional shielded enclosures. Alternative methods presented include hooded antennas, mode perturbation, statistical sampling transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cells, and other techniques such as parallel-plates low-Q-enclosures, and long-wire-antennas. A qualitative comparison of each technique in terms of advantages and limitations is also given.     

Diversity techniques for mobile radio reception

After discussing the nature of the electromagnetic field in urban environments, and the use of diversity techniques in fading media, the paper presents a survey of these techniques as applied to mobile radio, with emphasis on systems designed for analogue communication. It includes a unified approach to systems based on the double-heterodyne phase-stripper principle. The discussion is not restricted to present-day receivers only, but includes considerations which may apply in future designs.     

Electronic sensors with living cellular components

For more than three decades, it has been possible to use microlithographically fabricated extracellular electrodes to record action potential (AP) signals from electrically active cells such as neurons of intact organisms. There has also been a steady evolution of techniques to interface between electronic circuits and neural or cardiac cells cultured on arrays of such electrodes, mainly directed toward basic science goals. More recently, such combinations of living cells and electronics have been harnessed as tools for the detection of chemical and biological toxins, and for screening of pharmacologically active compounds. This paper presents a survey of the relevant technologies, cell types available, specific requirements for applications, and discussion of opportunities for future development.     

Automatic recognition of speakers from their voices

This paper presents a survey of automatic speaker recognition techniques. The paper indudes a discussion of the speaker-dependent properties of the speech signal, methods for selecting an efficient set of speech measurements, results of experimental studies illustrating the performance of various methods of speaker recognition, and a comparision of the performance of automatic methods with that of human listeners. Both text-dependent as well as text-independent speaker-recognition techniques are discussed.     

Beaconing Approaches in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A Survey

A vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a type of wireless ad hoc network that facilitates ubiquitous connectivity between vehicles in the absence of fixed infrastructure. Beaconing approaches is an important research challenge in high mobility vehicular networks with enabling safety applications. In this article, we perform a survey and a comparative study of state-of-the-art adaptive beaconing approaches in VANET, that explores the main advantages and drawbacks behind their design. The survey part of the paper presents a review of existing adaptive beaconing approaches such as adaptive beacon transmission power, beacon rate adaptation, contention window size adjustment and Hybrid adaptation beaconing techniques. The comparative study of the paper compares the representatives of adaptive beaconing approaches in terms of their objective of study, summary of their study, the utilized simulator and the type of vehicular scenario. After implementing the representatives of beaconing approaches, we analysed the simulation results and discussed the strengths and weaknesses of these beaconing approaches with regard to their suitability to vehicular networks. Finally, we discussed the open issues and research directions related to VANET adaptive beaconing approaches.     

数字移动通信中的抗多径衰落技术

移动信道的主要特征是由移动和多径传播所产生的多径衰落现象。在高速移动通信系统中，必须采用抗多径衰落技术，才能实现有效传输。本文首先概述了移动信道的数学模型及其典型形式，在此基础上，分别讨论了时分多址（ＴＤＭＡ）和码分多址（ＣＤＭＡ）系统的抗多径衰落方法──自适应信道均衡技术及多径分集接收技术，并简述了近年来较为活跃的多用户检测技术和自适应天线分集技术。     

Localization Optimization in WSNs Using Meta-Heuristics Optimization Algorithms: A Survey

In Wireless Sensor Networks, node localization is one of the most important system parameters. Determining the exact position of nodes in these networks is one of vital and tedious tasks. This paper presents a review of the most localization methods which optimize the localization error. It provides a new taxonomy of techniques used in this field, including Mobile Anchor, Machine Learning, Matematical Models and Meta-heuristics. In this later, we survey its different algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm, Particle Swarm optimization, Ant Colony Optimization, BAT optimization algorithm, Firefly Optimization Algorithm, Flower Pollination Algorithm, Grey Wolf Optimization algorithm, Artificial Bees Colony Optimization Algorithm, Fish Swarm Optimization Algorithm and others. Further, the comparison between these metaheuristics algorithms based localization optimization is done. Finally, a comprehensive discussion of the performance parameters such as accuracy, convergence rate, energy consumption and the number of localized nodes is given.

     

Perceptual hashing for image authentication: A survey

Perceptual hashing is used for multimedia content identification and authentication through perception digests based on the understanding of multimedia content. This paper presents a literature review of image hashing for image authentication in the last decade. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive survey and to highlight the pros and cons of existing state-of-the-art techniques. In this article, the general structure and classifications of image hashing based tamper detection techniques with their properties are exploited. Furthermore, the evaluation datasets and different performance metrics are also discussed. The paper concludes with recommendations and good practices drawn from the reviewed techniques.     

图像质量评价方法研究进展

图像质量评价是图像处理领域的研究热点。该文综合论述了图像质量的主观和客观评价方法,重点阐述了单视点图像质量的客观评价方法。对目前比较常用的峰值信噪比和均方误差全参考评价算法进行了分析并指出其存在的问题。然后,对基于误差敏感度和基于结构相似度的评价算法进行了论述和分析,并对质降和无参考评价方法进行了综述。根据视点的个数,图像质量评价可分为对传统单视点图像和立体图像的评价。该文还对立体图像质量评价算法进行了分析讨论。最后,就图像质量评价算法的进一步发展提出了若干技术与研究方向的展望。     

微波非线性电路理论研究的新进展

本文综述近几年微波非线性电路理论研究取得的主要成果，重点介绍两种通用的微波非线性电路分析方法－改进的谐波平衡法和频域延拓交调波平衡法，以及它们的应用和非线性方程组的数值求解等，并讨论该研究领域中目前几个主要的研究方向。     

A media synchronization survey: reference model, specification, andcase studies

Researchers have addressed multimedia synchronization from various perspectives. The major issues include how to specify and how to implement synchronization. Especially in the specification area a variety of techniques have been published and implemented. This survey summarizes briefly synchronization requirements, presents a multimedia synchronization reference model, shows details of various specification approaches and applies the reference model to compare existing prominent approaches as case studies     

Survey and Evaluation of Automated Model Generation Techniques for High Level Modeling and High Level Fault Modeling

It is known that automated model generation (AMG) techniques for linear systems are sufficiently mature to handle linear systems during high level modeling (HLM). Other AMG techniques have been developed for various levels of nonlinear behavior and to focus on specific issues such as high level fault modeling (HLFM). However, no single nonlinear AMG technique exists which can be confidently adapted for any nonlinear system. In this paper, a survey on AMG techniques over the last two decades is conducted. The techniques are classified into two main areas: system identification (SI) based AMG and model order reduction (MOR) based AMG. Overall, the survey reveals that more advanced research for AMG techniques is required to handle strongly nonlinear systems during HLFM.