TiO2/BaO对晶质玻璃结构与性能的影响

通过浇铸法制备了块状TiO2-BaO-ZnO-SiO2-R2O晶质玻璃.采用拉曼光谱研究了TiO2/BaO对晶质玻璃结构的影响,采用UV-Vis分光光度计和阿贝折射仪测定了玻璃的透过率和折射率,用干福喜法计算了平均色散,用维氏硬度计测试了玻璃的硬度.研究结果表明:随TiO2/BaO比例的增大,可见光部分透过率由88.6％逐渐下降到85.2％;折射率由1.672升高到1.698;玻璃色散值呈线性递增趋势;硬度先增大后减小.     

TiO2-SiO2/SiO2双层复合薄膜制备及折射率调控EI北大核心CSCD

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有W型减反特性的Ti O2-SiO2/SiO2复合薄膜,并分别调控了TiO2及TiO2-SiO2混合介质薄膜折射率,探索了不同制备条件对TiO2薄膜折射率的影响机理。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、椭偏仪、紫外–可见-红外分光光度计研究了薄膜微观结构、薄膜组分、折射率和光学透过率,通过TFcal软件模拟了双层复合薄膜的光学透过率线型。研究表明:溶胶pH值对TiO2薄膜折射率影响显著,其影响的前驱体水解速率对折射率的影响占主要作用,并且随着pH值的增大薄膜折射率减小,而水/钛比对薄膜折射率影响不显著。在TiO2与Si O2混合溶胶中两者物质的量比为1.2:1.0时,获得可用于制备双层复合W型减反膜系底层的薄膜,其椭偏仪拟合测试折射率约为1.68。最终制备的复合TiO2-SiO2/SiO2薄膜实现了光学宽谱范围380~1100 nm的优良增透效果,最大透过率可达约97%。     

GeS2-Sb2S3玻璃的三阶非线性研究

采用熔融-急冷法制备了(100-x)GeS2-xSb2S3(x=10%、15%和20%)系列硫系玻璃,测试了样品的折射率、从可见到近红外的透过特性.采用Z-扫描方法测试了样品的三阶非线性特性,分析了Sb2S3的含量对玻璃的线性折射率,透过率和三阶非线性性能的影响.结果表明样品的线性折射率、非线性折射率n2、非线性吸收系数β以及三阶非线性光学极化率χ(3)随着Sb2S3的含量增加而增大,Sb2S3物质的量含量为20%的样品在800 nm处的三阶非线性折射率n2和非线性吸收系数β分别为:n2=3.27×10-10 esu和β= 31.5 cm/Gw.     

TiO_2-SiO_2/SiO_2双层复合薄膜制备及折射率调控

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了具有W型减反特性的Ti O_2-SiO_2/SiO_2复合薄膜,并分别调控了TiO_2及TiO_2-SiO_2混合介质薄膜折射率,探索了不同制备条件对TiO_2薄膜折射率的影响机理。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、椭偏仪、紫外–可见-红外分光光度计研究了薄膜微观结构、薄膜组分、折射率和光学透过率,通过TFcal软件模拟了双层复合薄膜的光学透过率线型。研究表明:溶胶pH值对TiO_2薄膜折射率影响显著,其影响的前驱体水解速率对折射率的影响占主要作用,并且随着pH值的增大薄膜折射率减小,而水/钛比对薄膜折射率影响不显著。在TiO_2与Si O_2混合溶胶中两者物质的量比为1.2:1.0时,获得可用于制备双层复合W型减反膜系底层的薄膜,其椭偏仪拟合测试折射率约为1.68。最终制备的复合TiO_2-SiO_2/SiO_2薄膜实现了光学宽谱范围380～1100 nm的优良增透效果,最大透过率可达约97%。     

La_2O_3/ZnO共掺杂对无铅无钡水晶玻璃性能的影响

采用熔融法制备了无铅无钡水晶玻璃,通过增加La2O3的质量分数同时减少Zn O的质量分数研究其对无铅无钡水晶玻璃的密度、折射率、透过率和化学稳定性的影响。结果表明:随着La2O3/Zn O质量比的增大,玻璃的密度和折射率呈折线式增长,最高分别达到2.935 9 g/cm3和1.561 3;透过率曲线比较密集,呈不规则的变化;耐酸和耐碱性能都有所提高,耐酸性最佳可达0.15 mg/100 cm2,耐碱性最佳可达67.6 mg/100 cm2。     

TiO2-BaO-SiO2系统高折射率玻璃微珠的研制

以TiO2-BaO-SiO2系统为高折射率玻璃微珠的玻璃系统,采用X射线衍射、梯度炉、光学显微镜等测试手段探讨了玻璃微珠的析晶、成型方法和折射率的测定方法.结果表明,TiO2-BaO-SiO2玻璃系统随着TiO2/BaO摩尔比的增大,析晶倾向增大,所制得的玻璃微珠通过固体介质熔融比较法测得2.0＜nD＜2.1.     

以稻壳常压制备TiO2/SiO2复合气凝胶的结构及传热性能研究

以稻壳为原料制备硅酸钠溶液,经过阳离子交换树脂得到硅酸溶液,将纳米TiO2与硅酸溶液混合,并以稀氨水调节其pH值,经过老化,溶剂置换,改性等工艺,最终经常压干燥制得TiO2/SiO2复合气凝胶.研究了TiO2掺杂量对复合气凝胶的性能影响.结果显示,当TiO2掺杂量为7wt％,pH值为5.5时,得到气凝胶块体,比表面积高达734.82 m2/g,密度为0.1394 g/cm3,在波长2～8 um范围内,红外透过率明显下降.     

常压干燥制备TiO_2-SiO_2复合气凝胶的结构与性能

以TiCl4和工业水玻璃为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法,用三甲基氯硅烷/乙醇/正己烷混合溶液处理改性湿凝胶,通过常压干燥制备高比表面积和孔体积的TiO2-SiO2复合气凝胶。用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller法分析表征样品的形貌、微观结构和气凝胶孔的性能,研究复合气凝胶对罗丹明B(RhodamineB,RhB)的光催化降解性能,探讨二氧化硅含量对TiO2-SiO2复合气凝胶结构性能的影响。结果表明:随着硅含量的增加,所得TiO2-SiO2复合气凝胶的最可几孔径逐渐减小,比表面积和光催化活性先增大后减小;当摩尔比n(Ti):n(Si)=4:1时,制备的气凝胶比表面积为893m2/g,对30mL浓度为10-4mol/LRhB溶液的最终光催化降解率达到99%,优于锐钛矿TiO2粉末的。     

氧化钪对钾长石结晶釉组织结构和性能的影响

以钾长石为主晶相的釉料对解决四方相氧化锆陶瓷粘接强度不足且脆性大的问题具有良好的应用前景。本文通过DSC、XRD、SEM、硬度、强度、折射率、可见光透过率、热膨胀系数等测试,研究了Sc₂O₃含量对钾长石结晶釉结构及性能的影响。结果表明,当Sc₂O₃含量从0%(质量分数,下同)增加至10%,结晶釉的析晶温度从958.5℃降低至827.8℃,析晶能力增强,烧结后的结晶釉晶粒尺寸不断增大。随着Sc₂O₃含量的增加,结晶釉中伴随析出硅酸钪晶体,结晶釉的结晶度、努氏硬度、抗弯强度和折射率均在Sc₂O₃含量为6.67%时达到最佳,可见光透过率先减小后增大,热膨胀系数减小。     

BaO-TiO2-SiO2系统结构、玻璃形成能力及析晶性能

BaO-TiO2-SiO2系统玻璃具有高折射率和好红外透过性等优异性能特点.在选定组成范围内,采用传统熔融法制备玻璃,通过平板淬冷法进行成形.采用XRD,DSC,RAMAN光谱和SEM,探讨了BaO-TiO2-SiO2系统的玻璃形成能力、析晶性能及玻璃结构变化规律.研究结果表明:随着SiO2从5mol%~20mol%逐渐增加,成玻能力逐渐增强,SiO2≥20mol%开始得到完全非晶态玻璃.等SiO2含量下,随TiO2含量的增加,玻璃转变温度逐渐升高.SiO2含量等于15mol%时,随着TiO2含量的增加,[TiO6]先增加后减少,TiO2含量为45mol%时,[TiO6]的Ti-O振动峰出现,60mol%时,[TiO6]的Ti-O振动峰消失,[TiO4]在TiO2的含量为40mol%~50mol%时存在,Ba2+对Si-O骨架具有破坏作用.     

Novel gallate-based oxide and oxyfluoride glasses with wide transparency,high refractive indices,and low dispersions

The glass-forming region of a BaO-La₂O₃-Ga₂O₃ ternary system was confirmed and BaF₂-BaO-La₂O₃-Ga₂O₃ new oxyfluoride glasses were prepared by a containerless processing. We also analyzed the physical, thermal, and optical properties of new oxide and oxyfluoride glasses. The direct effects of the substitution of oxygen by fluorine and the effect of BaO and La₂O₃ on the refractive index and Abbe number were discussed on the basis of electronic polarizability and resonance wavelength of oscillator. The refractive indices increased with increasing La₂O₃ concentration because La₂O₃ increased the electronic polarizabilities. Abbe number increased with increasing BaO and fluorine concentration because of the decrease in resonance wavelength of oscillator. By the combination of the BaO, La₂O₃, and fluorine in the gallate glass system, we could obtain novel oxide and oxyfluoride glasses with high refractive index (1.81-1.95) and high Abbe number (31-55). The absorption edge in UV region shifted to the shorter wavelength and IR cut-off wavelength shifted to the longer wavelength with increasing fluorine. Therefore, wide transparent glass was obtained from 262 nm to 11.3 μm.     

Glass Formation and Properties in the System Calcia-Gallia-Germania

The critical cooling rate for glass formation, R^c, was measured for four compositions in the system calcia-gallia-germania. The activation energy, E, and frequency factor, u, for the crystallization process were determined by reheating the glasses at varied constant heating rates and measuring the temperature of crystallization. Both E and v increased, with increasing germania content of the glass, whereas R^c decreased. The density, refractive index, and Abbe number were also measured; all decreased with increasing GeO² content. These results are compared with those for calcia-gallia-silica glasses of comparable compositions.     

SrO、La2O3、ZrO2对无铅水晶玻璃折射率,密度和耐碱性能的影响

熔融法制备不同氧化物含量的SiO2-B2O3 -R2O系无铅水晶玻璃,并表征了玻璃的密度、折射率和耐碱性能.结果表明:随着氧化锶含量的增加,玻璃密度、折射率和耐碱性能都随之增加;适量氧化镧(w(La2O3)≤22%)的加入可以提高玻璃的折射率、密度和耐碱性能,过量则反之;适量氧化锆的加入(w(ZrO2)≤28%)能够显著提高玻璃耐碱性能并提高玻璃折射率和密度,过多则促使玻璃析晶失透.     

含磷硼酸盐玻璃材料物化性质的研究

以Yb3 、Er3 掺杂的含磷硼酸盐玻璃材料为研究对象,分析了改变B2O3的含量以及不同高价离子对玻璃的物化性质的影响.研究结果表明,当B2O3含量增加,玻璃的Tg、Tf上升,热膨胀系数下降;玻璃的密度和折射率在CBaO=CB2O3=15%(摩尔分数)时达到极小值.高价阳离子的引入,使玻璃的Tg、Tf上升,热膨胀系数下降,玻璃的密度和折射率增加.     

Glass Formation and Properties in the System Calcia-Gallia-Silica

The glass-formation region of the calcia-gallia-silica system was determined. The glasses within this region were measured to have a density of 3 to 4 g/cm³, a refractive index of 1.6 to 1.73, an Abbe number between 35 and 58, a thermal expansion coefficient of 6.5 × 10⁻⁷/°C to 11.5 × 10⁻⁷/°C, softening temperatures between 730° and 790°C, and a Vickers microhardness of 5.2 to 7.3 GPa. Crystalline phases were identified along the glass-formation boundary. Infrared transmission spectra were used to explain glass structures and their effect on glass properties. The results suggest that the role of calcia in the glass structure is similar to that for calcia in calcium aluminosilicate glasses.     

P2O5-BaO-Nb2O5三元系统玻璃的形成及性能的研究

研究P2O5－BaO-Nb2O5三元系统的玻璃形成区,给出了该三元系统玻璃形成范围。结果发现该系统在网络形成体P2O5的摩尔分数仅为20％,Nb2O5的摩尔分数为30％,BaO的摩尔分数为50％的成分点仍成玻璃。讨论了Nb2O5在系数中的作用以及部分玻璃的着色问题。熔制了BaO的摩尔分数恒定为50％的（50－x)P2O5-xNb2O5-50BaO(x=0,1,10,25,30)和Nb2O5的摩尔分数恒定为10％的yP2O5-10Nb2O5-(90-y)BaO(y=40,50,60,70)玻璃。测定了其折射率、Abbe数、非线性折射率、转变温度、析晶温度、熔化温度、氧原子摩尔体积及密度和组成之间的关系,并从红外吸收光谱的结果初步探讨该玻璃结构。认为在该系统中Nb2O5的作用介于网络形成体和中间体之间。玻璃着色的原因是Nb^5 被还原。     

Nonlinear Optical Properties of TeO2-Based Glasses: La2O3-TeO2 Binary Glasses

The third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities, X⁽³⁾, of the xLaO_1.5·(100 – x)TeO₂ binary glasses have been measured by the third harmonic generation (THG) method. In order to investigate the origin of high-intensity third harmonic generation, the various optical properties, such as nonlinear refractive index ( n ₂), Abbe number ( v _d), dispersion energy ( E _d), average excitation energy ( E ₀), (energy gap ( E _g), and polarizability (α_m), have been estimated from the refractive index and UV-visible absorption spectrum measurements. The linear refractive index, polarizability, and E _d/ E ₀² increased, and Abbe number and energy gap decreased, with increasing LaO_1.5 content. The nonlinear optical susceptibility X⁽³⁾ is discussed in relation to these optical parameters.     

Thermal and optical properties of La2O3–Ga2O3– (Nb2O5 or Ta2O5) ternary glasses

La₂O₃–Ga₂O₃–M₂O₅ (M = Nb or Ta) ternary glasses were fabricated using an aerodynamic levitation technique, and their glass‐forming regions and thermal and optical properties were investigated. Incorporation of adequate amounts of Nb₂O₅ and Ta₂O₅ drastically improved the thermal stabilities of the glasses against crystallization. Optical transmittance measurements revealed that all the glasses were transparent over a wide wavelength range from the ultraviolet to the mid‐infrared. The refractive indices of the glasses increased and the Abbe number decreased upon substituting Ga₂O₃ with Nb₂O₅, and the decrease in the Abbe number was significantly suppressed when Ta₂O₅ was incorporated into the glass. As a result, excellent compatibility between high refractive index and lower wavelength dispersion was realized in La₂O₃–Ga₂O₃–Ta₂O₅ glasses. Analysis based on the single‐oscillator Drude–Voigt model provided more systematical information and revealed that this compatibility was due to an increase in the electron density of the glass.     

REPRESENTATION OF DENSITY AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF TERNARY SILICATE GLASS SYSTEMS

A general procedure is outlined for the preparation of contour maps representing such properties as density, refractive index, and Abbe value for ternary glass systems in which one component is silica, using previously published equations and constants. The procedure is illustrated by application to the Na₂O–MgO–SiO₂ and Na₂O–CaO–SiO₂ systems.