金属纤维烧结毡力学本构关系的实验研究

本文实验研究了316L不锈钢纤维烧结毡的变形能,杨氏模量,强度等力学性能与材料相对密度之间的本构关系。研究表明金属纤维烧结毡沿面内方向的拉伸断裂能和压缩变形能与相对密度分别成线性关系和幂大于1的抛物线关系。金属纤维烧结毡沿面内方向拉伸或压缩时的模量和强度与材料相对密度均成线性关系。这反映了金属纤维烧结毡受面内方向应力时结点间纤维骨架以拉伸(压缩)变形为主。     

孔结构对不锈钢纤维多孔材料吸声性能的影响

本文设计两种不锈钢纤维多孔材料的铺制方法：平行铺制和直立铺制,通过控制铺制方法、长径比和烧结工艺得到具有不同孔结构的不锈钢纤维多孔材料,对具有不同孔结构的不锈钢纤维多孔材料的吸声性能进行分析,结果表明,长径比为5000的不锈钢纤维多孔材料的性价比最高;当材料厚度≤15mm时,平行铺制的纤维多孔材料较直立铺制的吸声性能好;当材料厚度＞15mm时,铺制方法的影响不显著;烧结结点数量的多少对不锈钢纤维多孔材料吸声性能贡献不大。     

镁及镁合金电池阳极材料的研究、开发及应用

镁电池阳极材料由于具有电负性好、腐蚀速度稳定和比容量高等特点,在理论研究和实际应用上引起了人们极大的关注。近年来,世界各国纷纷致力于镁电池阳极材料的研究开发。探讨了镁合金的电化学行为,以及其作为镁电池阳极材料的应用研究现状和发展趋势。镁合金作为电池阳极材料具有多方面的优势和巨大的发展潜力。     

316L不锈钢纤维毡的微波烧结研究

烧结不锈钢纤维多孔材料是一种结构功能一体化材料,在冲击能量吸收和过滤分离等领域有广泛应用。本文利用微波加热法制备了316L不锈钢纤维多孔材料,研究了微波烧结工艺对材料微观结构和力学性能的影响。研究表明微波烧结工艺明显降低了材料的烧结温度,缩短了烧结时间,由此抑制了纤维杆上晶粒的生长,材料的力学性能也得到了提升。微波电磁场在金属纤维间引发的微电弧可能起到了加快烧结进程的作用。     

不锈钢纤维增强的不锈钢多孔材料的制备和力学性能

研究了烧结温度和时间对不同量不锈钢纤维增强的不锈钢多孔材料性能的影响。实验结果表明：提高烧结温度、延长烧结时间以及增加不锈钢纤维的含量均能使该材料的力学性能得以改善;开口孔隙度及渗透系数随纤维含量的增加而降低。     

微波烧结316L不锈钢纤维毡研究（英文）

烧结不锈钢纤维多孔材料是一种结构功能一体化材料,在冲击能量吸收和过滤分离等领域有广泛应用。利用微波加热法制备了316L不锈钢纤维多孔材料,利用μ-CT,SEM等研究了微波烧结工艺对材料微观结构和力学性能的影响。结果表明微波烧结工艺明显降低了材料的烧结温度,缩短了烧结时间,由此抑制了纤维杆上晶粒的生长,材料的力学性能也得到了提升。微波电磁场在金属纤维间引发的微电弧可起到加快烧结进程的作用。     

MH-Ni电池用新型镍纤维阳极材料的制备及性能

报道了可以代替泡沫镍作ＮＨ－Ｎｉ电池阳极骨和镍纤维毡的制备工艺,研究了镍纤维丝径,镍毡的单重对孔径尺寸,孔隙率,比表面积的影响,经过在氢气和氩气２种气氛中进行烧结,保证了镍毡的抗拉强度和延伸变形率,可以制备出性能优良的镍纤维毡。     

NiO包覆YSZ固体氧化物燃料电池阳极材料的制备研究

采用包覆沉淀法制备NiO包覆YSZ阳极粉.用包覆沉淀法在YSZ颗粒表面均匀包覆一层氧化镍,600 ℃下煅烧得到NiO-YSZ固体氧化物燃料电池阳极粉.应用此材料制备的SOFC阳极在1400℃烧结4 h.经过SEM扫描电镜分析,高温电导测试,用这种方法制备的SOFC阳极中,NiO分布更加均匀,YSZ、NiO交替排布并有效的连接在一起,使阳极结构得到优化,电池性能提高.     

海水电池用镁阳极的研究与应用

镁阳极材料具有电负性好,比能量高以及密度小等优异性能,在海水电池领域具有广阔的应用前景。综述了近年来国内外镁阳极海水电池的研究及应用,讨论镁阳极材料的活化机制和腐蚀行为,探讨合金元素和第二相对镁阳极电化学活性和耐腐蚀性能的影响,指出今后海水电池用镁阳极材料的发展应在充分研究合金元素活化机理和第二相影响的基础上,研制出自腐蚀速率更小、阳极利用率更高以及比能量更大的新型镁合金阳极材料。     

不锈钢纤维烧结多孔材料孔结构分形分析

借助分形几何理论研究了不锈钢纤维烧结多孔材料孔结构的分形特征.通过对不锈钢纤维烧结多孔材料的扫描图像进行数字化处理,并利用盒维法计算分形维数,研究了盒维法计算分形维数的影响因素.确定出分形维数与多孔材料孔隙度之间的定量关系,同时说明了分形维数的物理意义.     

Effect of Pre-annealing on Sintering of Stainless Steel Fiber Felt

Stainless steel fiber felt is a class of unique porous metal materials. This study investigates the effect of pre-annealing on the sintering of stainless steel fiber felt through quantitative characterization of sintered joints based on synchrotron radiation experiments. The sintered joint size was found to follow a marked normal distribution in fiber felt samples sintered with and without pre-annealing. However, pre-annealing prior to sintering led to a significant reduction in the total number of sintered joints as well as a reduction in the percentage of large sintered joints. Consequently, fiber felt samples sintered with pre-annealing achieved less than half the tensile strength of those sintered without pre-annealing. Delamination through fracture of sintered joints was pronounced in fiber felt samples sintered with pre-annealing, while failure occurred mainly through fracture of individual fibers in those sintered without pre-annealing. It was concluded that sintering without pre-annealing is necessary for the fabrication of high-strength fiber felt products and the reasons are briefly discussed.     

Preparation of oriented linear copper fiber sintered felt and its performance

Long metal fibers were manufactured in horizontal lathe with a multi-tooth tool. Based on the coarse antler surface structure of copper fibers, a new sintering technology was put forward to manufacture a kind of oriented linear copper fiber sintered felt. The sintering mechanism of oriented linear copper fiber sintered felt was studied. Compared with sintered copper-wire felt, the characteristics of sintered copper-fiber felts were analyzed in details. Owing to the coarse antler surface structure of copper fibers, oriented linear copper-fiber felt was sintered under the condition ofmicro/nano scale range, and copper fibers easily bonded together in the sintering process. Microchannels with micro-scale coarse antler surface structure were constructed. These characters give oriented linear copper fiber felt some new merits： high filtration accuracy, high flow capability, low resistance loss, good capability to resistance pressure, stable and uniform pore, high specific surface area. The properties of oriented linear copper fiber sintered felt were analyzed.     

Galvanic Series of Metals and Effect of Alloy Compositions on Corrosion Resistance in Sanya SeawaterEI北大核心CSCD

With the development of ocean engineering, various metallic materials have been applied to the marine environment. It is an urgent requirement to study the galvanic series and alloy composition optimization of metallic materials in the tropical marine environment. In this work, open circuit potentials (OCP) and galvanic series of 36 kinds of metallic materials in Sanya seawater were studied. By considering the response of OCP to tidal changes, the anti-corrosion effects of alloying elements were also ana lyzed. The results show that the OCP of metallic materials in Sanya seawater has a large range. The galvanic series order of metallic materials from high to low in Sanya seawater is: nickel alloy, duplex stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel and pure copper, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, copper alloy, low alloy steel, carbon steel, cast iron, aluminum alloy and aluminum anode. Low-carbon high-alloy content carbon steel and high Cr, Ni contents stainless steel have higher OCP. The potential fluctuations of carbon steel with tidal changes involves two phases: (1) under the dynamics control, the OCP of carbon steel is more negative at high tide; (2) under the diffusion control, the OCP is more positive at high tide. The potential fluctuations of metallic materials reflect the effect of the corrosion product film on the change of ionization balance, and metals with less potential fluctuations have better inhibition on ion diffusion. In Sanya seawater, the carbon steel, which has more alloying content and less carbon content, has less potential fluctuations with the tidal changes and has good oxygen diffusion resistance. The potential fluctuations of austenitic stainless steel with tidal changes are less than that of ferritic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel. After 2700 h immersion, austenitic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel, which have a higher content of Mo, have more stable OCP. In other words, the corrosion film gets a better corrosion resistance. The OCP of aluminum anode in Sanya seawater environment increases when the oxygen content is brought up. The OCP of Zn-containing or Ga-containing aluminum anode remains relatively stable. Al bronze and T2 copper have less potential fluctuations with tidal changes, and perform good corrosion resistance in Sanya seawater.     

Manufacture,characterization and application of porous metal-fiber sintered felt used as mass-transfer controlling medium for direct methanol fuel cells

Fabrication, characterization and performance of a porous metal-fiber sintered felt (PMFSF) based on multi-tooth cutting and solid-phase sintering were studied. The PMFSF was used as the anodic methanol barrier in a passive air-breathing direct methanol fuel cell to mitigate the effects of methanol crossover. Compared with the commercial SUS316L felt made of bundle-drawn fibers, this self-made PMFSF has larger pore diameter, polarized pore distribution, irregular fiber shape, rougher surface, lower mass flow resistance and evident hydrophobicity. The results reveal that the use of a PMFSF significantly enhances the cell performance since it helps to maintain a balance between the reactant and product management while depressing methanol crossover. The PMFSF with a porosity of 70% yields the highest cell performance at a methanol concentration of 4 mol/L.     

不锈钢纤维多孔材料拉伸性能研究

以316L不锈钢纤维毡为原料,采用不同的烧结工艺,制备出孔隙度为70%~95%的不锈钢纤维多孔材料,研究了纤维丝径、孔隙度、烧结温度和保温时间对其拉伸性能的影响。研究表明,不锈钢纤维多孔材料的拉伸过程主要分为3个阶段:弹性阶段、塑性变形阶段和断裂阶段。纤维越细,多孔材料的抗拉强度越高;随着孔隙度的增加,多孔材料的抗拉强度逐渐降低;提高烧结温度或延长保温时间,均会提高多孔材料的抗拉强度。     

不锈钢纤维可纺性能研究现状

采用集束拉拔法生产的不锈钢纤维，既具有金属体材料耐高温、耐腐蚀性能，还具有纺织纤维的柔软性和可纺性。已广泛用作无纺织物和混纺织物的原料。本文对不锈钢纤维和传统纺织纤维的物理性能进行研究比较，认为不锈钢纤维与化学纤维和天然纤维在密度、伸长率、回弹性、抗弯曲性能、卷曲度、表面摩擦系数等方面存在一定差异，影响了无纺织物产品质量。因此，研究不锈钢纤维的可纺性能，是金属材料科学与纺织技术的交叉学科。     

超薄金属纤维复合膜材料的低频吸声性能

本文针对限域空间（≤5mm）噪声防护对超薄吸声结构的重大需求,以不锈钢纤维毡为原料,利用低温烧结技术制备了由不锈钢纤维多孔材料和金属薄膜组成的复合膜材料。利用B&K声学测试平台对复合膜材料进行频率范围在50~1000Hz之间吸声系数的测试,分析了结构参数对复合膜材料吸声性能的影响规律。结果表明,通过分别研究金属纤维多孔材料的孔结构（孔径、丝径、烧结结点）及金属薄膜的层数对复合膜材料吸声性能的影响规律,发现在频率为50~1000Hz的范围内,超薄复合膜材料的最优结构为金属纤维多孔材料按照细丝径、小孔面向声源,粗丝径、大孔在后的顺序排列,材料内部复合铜箔可有效提高材料在低频处的吸声性能。     

Mo在马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢中的作用与应用

马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢以其具有高强、高韧和不锈性等良好的综合性能成为了航空、航天、海洋等高科技领域不可缺少的原材料。为了得到优异的性能,在这类钢的合金设计时钼是首先考虑添加的强化元素之一,叙述了Mo在马氏体沉淀硬化不锈钢中的作用与具体的应用实例,为这类钢的强化设计提供参考和技术信息。     

表面抗菌不锈钢的研究进展

抗菌不锈钢是一种新型的抗菌材料,拥有抗菌性强、耐高温塑性好、自身无菌等良好的特性,在医疗、食品、公共卫生等领域有很好的应用前景.在实际应用中,抗菌不锈钢主要应用其表面的抗菌性能,因此,表面抗菌不锈钢较之其他产品有更高的研究价值.综述了表面抗菌不锈钢的研究进展,主要包括表面涂层型抗菌不锈钢和表面改性型抗菌不锈钢的制备工艺,以及不同类产品的抗菌能力.结果表明,目前表面抗菌不锈钢在制备及使用过程中所面临的问题主要是对生产设备和技术要求高,产品耐磨性差,当前的技术难以达到大量制备表面抗菌不锈钢的要求.结合电沉积法的特点及扩散特性,以及利用电沉积扩散法在制备抗菌不锈钢方面的应用情况,指出利用电沉积扩散法在不锈钢基体表面制备抗菌镀层将是未来制备表面抗菌不锈钢的主要发展方向.