铝合金激光焊接工艺特性

介绍铝合金激光焊接时的工艺特性及焊接难点 ,提出改进措施 ,讨论了焊接过程中裂缝、气孔出现的原因     

基于小样本数据驱动的滚齿工艺参数低碳优化决策方法

针对实际生产历史数据不足的情况,提出一种基于小样本数据驱动的碳排放预测和多目标优化模型。通过Box-Behnken实验设计收集加工数据后,采用反向传播神经网络建立面向碳排放和加工效率的预测模型,在保证预测精度的同时有效减少模型对数据量的需求。以总碳耗和总时长为优化目标,采用改进的多目标灰狼算法和熵权-逼近理想解排序综合评价法进行了最优工艺参数决策。加工实验验证了提出方法的有效性。     

激光清洗过程低碳建模与工艺参数优化

激光清洗是应用脉冲激光束高能量冲击去除基材表面污染物,已广泛应用于航空航天、海工等领域高端装备的运维。但其清洗工艺时间长、激光束的高热量及电能的不完全转化导致大量碳排放产生。基于此,提出一种面向低碳的激光清洗过程工艺参数多目标优化方法。首先,分析激光清洗工艺碳排放特性,搭建激光清洗碳排放监测平台,建立激光清洗过程碳排放模型,探究激光清洗工艺参数对碳排放的影响规律;在此基础上,以清洗质量最佳、碳排放最低为目标,建立激光清洗过程多目标工艺参数优化模型,提出一种基于佳点集与协同进化框架多目标进化算法的模型求解方法,解决初始解质量差、种群多样性差、易陷入局部最优等问题;运用改进GRA与TOPSIS方法获得最佳的工艺参数组合。最后,应用QZ2425激光清洗装备对2A12铝合金进行除漆实验,实验表明：该模型及算法可有效降低激光清洗过程碳排放,保证清洗质量,为我国激光加工产业实现碳达峰、碳中和提供一条有效途径。     

数控激光焊接汽车用高强钢工艺参数的优化

在CO2激光焊接加工中,影响高强镀锌钢板焊接质量的因素很多。根据试验加工对相关因素进行了分析,并给出了一套可以有效控制焊接高强钢加工质量的优化工艺参数,从而确保汽车用高强铜的焊接质量。     

基于铝合金激光深熔焊接温度场研究

采用透过玻璃在线拍摄铝合金激光深熔焊接时小孔形状的方法,得到小孔形状的真实尺寸.随后建立铝和玻璃异种材料激光焊接温度场的数学模型,运用数值模拟法分析了激光深熔焊接铝合金与玻璃的温度场分布,在编制Matlab程序计算时用已观测到的小孔半径数值为基础,保证了数值模拟结果的合理性与正确性,得到了不同材料焊接温度场计算的一般方法.     

铝合金MIG+激光复合焊接工艺研究

研究轻量化轿车用3A21铝合金M IG 激光复合焊接工艺,探讨工艺参数对焊缝成型的影响规律及激光与电弧的复合作用。试验结果表明,采用M IG 激光复合焊接工艺可以显著提高熔深和焊速,达到采用小功率激光焊机实现铝合金的激光焊接。在比较宽的工艺参数范围内M IG YAG激光复合焊接铝合金具有焊缝成型美观等优点,熔深和焊速均显著提高,大大提高生产率。     

基于模糊决策的CAWPP系统焊接方法选择与评价

针对罐式集装箱焊接工艺设计(CAWPP)系统中焊接方法难以选择的问题,提出了基于模糊决策算法的焊接方法选择评价方法。首先,利用模糊推理算法选择出可用的焊接方法,然后,以品质、成本、生产效率以及工人的劳动条件为准则进行熵权模糊综合评价,最终确定合适的焊接方法。系统实例表明,该方法不仅避免了焊接方法选择过程中的主观性和不确定性,也提高了整个焊接CAPP系统的柔性和灵活性。     

基于生命周期分析的焊接方法评价

针对常见的多种焊接方法,运用熵权算法和生命周期分析方法进行焊接方法评价,以焊接的焊缝质量、生产成本、资源消耗、生产率及环境影响为准则进行熵权综合评价,确定合适的焊接方法。其中,环境影响准则中温室气体排放分析采用生命周期分析法,考虑焊丝从原材料获取、制造和使用阶段的温室气体排放。实例表明,与传统评价方法相比,该方法将环境影响作为一个重要的准则参与焊接方法的评价,确保了选择评价方法的全面性与环保性。     

激光摆动焊接6061铝合金板材焊缝成形工艺研究

为了探究激光摆动焊接铝合金的工艺特性,开展了手持摆动焊接头焊接6061铝合金的实验,对比分析了焊接速度、激光功率、振镜速度等工艺参数对焊缝宏观形貌的影响。通过高速相机捕获的实时动态影像,分析了激光摆动焊接匙孔的形成与特征,以及摆动焊接下熔池的形成与保持。实验结果表明,焊接速度与激光功率对焊缝形貌的影响较大,振镜速度应与焊接速度相匹配,即焊接速度慢对应振镜速度低,快速焊接对应振镜速度快。激光摆动焊接的匙孔会随着激光光斑的摆动变大,且匙孔始终位于焊缝中央,激光光束的摆动会搅拌熔池,影响熔池的热力耦合与焊缝成形,形成稳定均匀的鱼鳞纹状焊缝形貌。     

Laser vision sensing based on adaptive welding for aluminum alloy

A laser vision sensing based on the adaptive tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding system for large-scale aluminum alloy components was established to fit various weld groove conditions. A new type of laser vision sensor was used to precisely measure the weld groove. The joint geometry data, such as the bevel angle, the gap, the area, and the mismatch, etc., aided in assembling large-scale aerospace components before welding. They were also applied for automatic seam tracking, such as automatic torch transverse alignment and torch height adjustment in welding. An adaptive welding process was realized by automatically adjusting the wire feeding speed and the welding current according to the groove conditions. The process results in a good weld formation and high welding quality, which meet the requirements of related standards. Translated from Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2006, 32(8): 714–718 [译自: 北京工业大学学报]     

Effect of laser on the welding process of short-circuiting transfer MIG welding of aluminum alloys

In this paper, the effect of laser on the welding process in metal inert gas (MIG) welding of aluminum alloys was studied exploiting high-speed imaging and welding electrical signals collecting. Bead-on-plate welding experiments were conducted using conventional short-circuiting transfer MIG welding and laser-short-circuiting transfer MIG hybrid welding. The obtained results point out that it took less time to strike the arc in laser-MIG hybrid welding, and the stability of arc striking was increased. When the laser was introduced into the arc atmosphere, the arc was compressed, and the welding energy was more concentrated. The arc cathode spot was fixed to the laser beam impinging spot, so the arc could burn stably. In laser-MIG hybrid welding, the droplet short-circuiting transfer stability and the weld appearance were improved significantly. Moreover, an analysis method of judging droplet transfer stability which bases on statistical techniques was proposed. By this method, it can be concluded that the short-circuiting transfer process became more stable in laser-MIG hybrid welding.     

A carbon efficiency upgrading method for mechanical machining based on scheduling optimization strategy

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering - Low-carbon manufacturing (LCM) is increasingly being regarded as a new sustainable manufacturing model of carbon emission reduction in the manufacturing...     

基于焊缝碾压预成型的长焊缝激光拼焊系统设计

提出基于焊缝碾压预成型的长焊缝激光拼焊系统,其通过焊前对较厚板材边缘进行碾压使材料向焊缝方向塑性变形来填补焊缝间隙,极大地降低了长焊缝激光拼焊对板材直线度的要求。系统结构简便,成本较低,可有效提高焊接速度和焊接质量。介绍了系统组成结构、工作原理及控制方法。焊接结果表明,对于焊前间隙0.5mm板材的焊接,系统能大大提高焊接速度并保证焊接质量。     

Effect of process parameters on friction stir welding of aluminum alloy 2219-T87

In this work, successful friction stir welding of aluminum alloy 2219 using an adapted milling machine is reported. The downward or forging force was found to be dependent upon shoulder diameter and rotational speed whereas longitudinal or welding force on welding speed and pin diameter. Tensile strength of welds was significantly affected by welding speed and shoulder diameter whereas welding speed strongly affected percentage elongation. Metallographic studies revealed fine equiaxed grains in weld nugget and microstructural changes in thermo-mechanically affected zone were found to be the result of combined and interactive influences of frictional heat and deformation. A maximum joining efficiency of 75% was obtained for welds with reasonably good percentage elongation. TEM studies indicated coarsening and/or dissolving of precipitates in nugget. For the gas metal arc weld, SEM investigations revealed segregation of copper at grain boundaries in partially melted zone.     

3A21铝合金激光焊与激光-氩弧焊复合焊微观组织及性能比较研究

采用激光焊接与激光-氩弧焊复合焊接2种方式对厚度为2mm的3A21铝合金板材进行对接焊,研究2种焊接方式下焊接接头微观组织、缺陷分布及硬度分布的不同。实验结果显示激光-氩弧复合焊接接头相比激光焊的接头显微组织更细密,且气孔数量明显减少。激光焊接接头的平均显微硬度与复合焊接头平均显微硬度相差不大,分别为52HV左右及51.3HV左右,均明显高于基体平均显微硬度值43HV。     

基于恒速度法的铝合金材料性能研究

已知不同牌号的铝材料特性曲线符合同一类型函数关系式,基于室温恒速度法金属拉伸试验法,以6082铝材作为研究对象进行实验。分析实验数据拟合得到该类铝材应力应变关系通用函数式,并比较平行于纤维方向与垂直于纤维方向的材料性能。     

汽车铝合金薄板零件电子束焊装过程及其计算机辅助工艺设计

针对汽车铝合金薄板焊装零件的电子束焊接制造过程,提出计算机辅助工艺设计(CAPP)的需求和必要。应用Unigraphics(UG)提供的二次开发工具OpenGRIP语言,开发有关应用程序。实践表明,CAPP对零件设计,制造工艺以及设备的设计和应用控制均有指导意义。