中厚板表面裂纹控制

针对中厚板表面经常出现裂纹缺陷的问题,通过材料显微组织分析、坯料跟踪和对比生产实验,发现中厚板表面裂纹源于板坯裂纹。采取调整钢水成分,优化连铸工艺,提高入炉板坯表面质量等措施,减少了钢板裂纹不合格品,产品合格率提高了4．43％,提高了中厚板质量。     

冷轧粘连缺陷的研究与控制

粘连缺陷是冷轧带卷常见的一种表面质量缺陷,轻微的粘连会影响外观质量,严重的粘连将导致带钢无法使用。文章从粘连缺陷产生的特征开始分析,对比在不同卷取张力和退火过程等工艺状态下,粘连缺陷的发生机率,进而判断粘连出现的原因。依据现场实际生产操作情况,总结出消除冷轧带卷表面粘连的工艺措施。     

表面质量对取向硅钢铁损的影响

取向硅钢的表面质量(包括底层质量,内氧化层以及表面氧化)对铁损会有明显的影响,但各因素对铁损的影响程度和影响机理仍不清楚。通过轻酸洗去掉外氧化层比较酸洗前后铁损变化,酸洗去掉底层比较去掉底层前后铁损的变化,抛光去掉底层及内氧化层比较抛光前后铁损的变化来研究表面质量各因素对铁损的影响。发现表面氧化对铁损没有明显影响,内氧化层对铁损影响最大。用扫描电镜分析内氧化层的形貌及成份发现内氧化层是镁橄榄石和尖晶石的离散质点。内氧化层通过其对180°畴壁移动的钉扎增加铁损,底层通过增加90°闭合畴的体积分数增加铁损。     

冷镦钢线材生产工艺控制及其表面缺陷的分析

通过跟踪冷镦钢线材生产的主要工艺环节的控制状态和取样分析坯料及轧材各部位的表面质量，分析了产生表面缺陷的工艺因素，提出了改进措施。     

高合金冷轧带材表面起皮缺陷分析

高合金冷轧带材表面通常出现两种类型的起皮缺陷,会显著降低带材的成材率。借助金相显微镜及电子探针对不同类型起皮缺陷的微观组织进行了形貌观察和成分分析,结合连铸工艺参数的研究,分析了高合金冷轧带材表面起皮缺陷的原因。结果表明,由于连铸结晶器内部温度场不均匀产生热应力或坯壳厚度不均匀,从而导致铸坯表面或皮下产生裂纹,经冷轧加工后即形成第一种类型的起皮缺陷;或是由于连铸过程中保护渣被卷入钢液,在连铸坯上形成皮下夹渣,经冷轧加工后便形成第二种类型的起皮缺陷。通过调整和改进连铸工艺,大大降低了起皮缺陷的发生率。     

1Cr18Ni9Ti连铸中板质量剖析

１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ连铸表面缺陷直接影响产品表面质量。铸坯表面质量缺陷主要是非金属夹杂所致，夹杂物取决于钢水的纯净度和浇注过程的再污染程度。通过强化连铸标准化操作，严格控制钢水温度，加强无氧化保护浇注，防止钢水二次氧化，哟化铸珠两面均衡剥皮和加强局部缺陷甭除，取得明显效果。     

铝板带箔周期性缺陷的检测方法及实例分析

以铝合金冷轧带材为例,对铝板带箔产品生产过程中发现的、沿轧制方向有规律、重复性出现的缺陷,进行了缺陷特征分析和检测方法介绍,并结合部分铝板带常见缺陷进行了实例分析。通过对缺陷的周期进行分析,可准确推断出此类缺陷产生的位置及原因,为有效改善铝板带箔产品质量提供了良好基础。该检测方法简单实用,可广泛应用于铝板带箔轧制产品的缺陷判断及分析。     

热轧板带中间坯料孔洞缺陷成因分析

采用微观组织分析法, 分别从裂纹附近的氧化圆点层厚度和尺度大小、金相组织、脱硅层的厚度和硅钢高温力学性能等着手,对某钢铁公司生产的W600热轧电工钢中间坯料孔洞缺陷的成因进行了一系列分析。结果表明,该类热轧电工钢中间坯料的孔洞缺陷是由于板坯堆放不当产生各种热应力作用,并使板坯表面产生微裂纹而且裂纹呈现交错分布,经后续加热工艺进一步氧化,经粗轧轧制而导致孔洞缺陷的发生。     

高强度油缸用无缝钢管外表面缺陷分析

文章针对现场生产的某批高强度液压油缸用无缝钢管表面缺陷引起的返废率高的问题进行了分析研究,通过分析缺陷形貌将其分为结疤、凹坑和麻面三大类。通过金相、扫描电镜等分析方法对各类缺陷进行了检测分析。结果表明,结疤、凹坑缺陷的形成是由轧制前原始坯料已经存在的表面裂纹引起的,麻面缺陷的形成是热轧过程中表面氧化铁皮被轧压至管体上产生的。为了消除上述缺陷,有针对性地采取了整改措施,优化了连铸和轧制工艺。整改后的产品表面质量大幅度提高,返废率从30.6%降低到了1.7%。     

304不锈钢冷轧板表面产生“斑点”缺陷原因试验分析

通过实验室及现场模拟对比试验，采用扫描电镜和金相观察方法分析讨论了304不锈钢冷板表面产生“斑点”缺陷的原因。试验结果表明，表面“斑点”缺陷是由于滴落在钢板上的煤焦油高温氧化的结果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.