运东大包围畅流活水方案研究

针对近年来城市化过程中太湖流域水体流动性差、水质恶化的问题,以无锡市运东大包围为研究区,基于研究区实测资料,选用MIKE11数学模型构建研究区河网水量水质耦合模型,以水利工程的优化调度为手段,拟定不同来水条件及引水规模下的活水方案,分析了不同方案对研究区水动力条件及水质的改善效果。结果表明,畅流活水方案可改善运东大包围内水动力条件和水质状况,改善效果与外部来水条件及引水规模有关;通过白屈港线路引长江水入运东大包围,并适当增大引水规模,可达到水动力和水质改善目标。     

不同降雨条件下内秦淮河引水方案优化

针对南京市内秦淮河水系水动力条件差、水体黑臭的现状,以及现有引清调水方案尚未考虑合流制溢流污水对内河水质冲击的不足,利用MIKE11软件的HD、AD、Ecolab模块构建内秦淮河水系水环境数学模型,以南京青奥会期间内秦淮河水系引清调水方案为例,模拟了引清调水期间溢流污水对水质的影响,并提出了小、中、大雨条件下的优化引水方案。 结果表明,提出的水环境数学模型有效可行,优化引水方案可保证内秦淮河水系水质整体达到Ⅳ类,但重污染区水质仍有待改善,需进一步采取建设溢流调蓄池、管网清淤等污染控制措施。     

渭河水体污染状况及污染防治对策研究

通过对研究水域范围内渭河污染源的调查和水质的监测分析,确定了影响渭河水质的主要污染源和主要污染物。针对这些污染源和污染物,从政策、法制、经济、生态、技术等各个方面提出了防治渭河水体污染的综合措施。     

农村分散式污水处理模式的比较及应用

针对目前采用定性方法确定分散式农村生活污水处理设施存在的不足,按照以水定陆的污染防治思路,在分析污染源排放与入河机理的基础上,构建了农村分散式污水处理设施的定量化模式,即结合功能区水体纳污能力,确定水体的限制排污总量,再结合水功能区水质达标浓度,确定控制断面的污染物浓度,通过水环境数学模型的模拟,按照控制断面污染物浓度达标的要求,计算污染源的设计排放浓度,进而计算污水中污染物的去除率,根据去除率的范围确定农村分散式污水的处理规模与工艺。并将其应用于台州市新华村的生活污水处理中,最终通过定量计算选定生物滤池作为生活污水处理设施。     

简析共产主义水库水源地水环境形势与保护对策

通过对共产主义水库水源地周边生态环境现状及污染源的实地调查,结合对水库及上游来水的水质监测结果分析,得出影响共产主义水库水环境的主要因素为面源污染,包括水产养殖废水、农药化肥、生活污水、生活垃圾以及畜禽粪便等污染源。针对污染源的形成的原因,提出了拆除土坝禁止投料养殖、建造污水处理工程和生活垃圾收集站以及开展水生态修复等系列保护对策,以达到改善和稳定共产主义水库水质,保证其满足各项水功能的要求。     

钢铁综合废水的处理应用研究

以莱钢老区污水处理厂的实际工程为案例,对钢铁企业综合废水的水质情况、工艺选择、构筑物情况、实际运行情况以及一些改进措施进行介绍。实践表明,经过该工艺处理后的水质优于《山东省钢铁工业污染物排放标准》(DB37/990-2013)中"山东省钢铁工业水污染物排放浓度限值,以及单位产品基准排水量"中直接排放标准的要求。     

苎麻脱胶废水工程改造与运行

叙述了山西绿洲纺织有限责任公司对原有污水站改扩建工程取得的生物处理的作用及为解决运行中发现的问题,所采取的措施。指出,经过调试,处理水达到GB 8978—1996污水综合排放标准的二级排放标准。     

工业污水处理厂大气环境影响评价研究

该文以湖北某工业污水处理厂为例,通过分析项目所在地气候气象特征,研究项目大气污染物排放源强,采用估算模型AERSCREEN进行预测,项目以无组织排放单元为边界设置100 m卫生防护距离,并采取规划控制措施、除臭措施及管理措施等污染防治措施,减少污染物的排放,以改善环境质量。     

污水处理与设施园艺的偶联技术应用及景观改造

研究在污水进水量大、水质复杂及占地面积狭小的前提下,对工艺进行技术升级和规划设计,通过生物反应器-设施园艺偶联技术(B-H工艺)以较小的占地面积达到一级A水质排放和深度的污泥资源化,同时实现了污水厂的园林化,并为进一步提标至地表4类水排放奠定了基础。     

基于MIKE 11 Ecolab模型的梁滩河流域水污染问题探讨

基于MIKE 11 Ecolab模型构建了梁滩河流域水文、水动力和水质综合数学模型,分析了该流域河 道的水质时空变化特征,研究了不同预案对该流域水质变化趋势及水质改善的效果。结果表明,生活污 水的处理应是未来梁滩河流域治理的重点,应降低该流域水体的氨氮浓度,关注水体中总氮、总磷的含 量,生活污水处理应采用集中和分散处理相结合的原则。     

Unerroric of control of mutual compliance of the efficiency of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles in the conditions of mass production

The issues related to the reliability of hydrogen engines of unmanned vehicles and increasing the efficiency of using hydrogen as fuel when using the method of its production during the decomposition of hydrogen-containing molecules of liquid-phase organic compounds in a plasma discharge under the action of intense ultrasonic exposure are considered. Experiments have shown that as a result of decomposition in the acoustoplasma discharge of liquid hydrocarbons, solid-phase carbon-containing products are formed, chemical transformations occur in the liquid phase and hydrogen-containing combustible gas is formed. Hydrogen-containing gas can be used as fuel immediately after synthesis, i.e. it does not require separation, since in addition to hydrogen it contains only impurities of CO₂ and water vapor. The purpose of the study is to formalize the basic conditions for tightening the control of mutual compliance with the efficiency of hydrogen engines of the same series in the conditions of their mass production. Methods of mathematical statistics and hardware-software modeling were used in the study. The term “unerroric of quality mutual compliance control” is introduced to describe a set of hardware and software tools for such control. The principle of in-depth testing of the technical condition of such engines of one series is described in a multidimensional formulation of the quality control problem for three of their operating parameters at once. The conditions for increasing the mutual correspondence of the measured values of such parameters in the conditions of serial production of hydrogen engines are formalized.     

小型锅炉烟尘测试时锅炉出力的计算

锅炉烟尘测试时,必须对锅炉出力进行测试。但监测中,许多小型锅炉往往不具备相关的计量装置和仪表,为解决这一问题,文章提出了用烟气量和空气过剩系数来计算锅炉的出力的公式,在实际使用中,该方法简单易行,其结果和实测值具有很好的一致怀。     

中国煤炭地下气化技术的发展

本文综述了煤炭地下汽化技术的国内外发展现状,对我国“长通道、大断面”煤炭地下气化新工艺给予了技术经济评述,并提出了发展煤炭地下汽化技术的政策建议。     

Review of theory of distortion and disintegration of liquid streams

Linear and nonlinear analyses of the instabilities and distortion of liquid streams injected into a gaseous media are discussed. The various fundamental mechanisms and the predictive capabilities for the distortions are emphasized. Round jets, planar sheets, annular sheets, and conical sheets are discussed in detail. The balance between capillary and inertial forces is primarily examined. The method for simplifying the analyses in the case of thin liquid sheets is discussed. The capabilities for representing the droplet size distribution that follows the stream disintegration are outlined.     

MgO膨胀剂细度对MgO水化和水泥浆体膨胀的影响

基于《水工混凝土掺用氧化镁技术规范》中的Ⅰ型氧化镁（MgO）,研究了该型MgO膨胀剂（MEA）细度对掺粉煤灰水泥浆体膨胀性能的影响。即采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)及同步热分析（TG DSC）分析了掺MEA水泥浆体中MgO的水化性。结果表明,养护温度相同时,MEA的细度对水泥浆体内MEA中MgO的水化和水泥浆体的膨胀无显著影响,产生的膨胀均能补偿水泥浆体的收缩;MEA的细度可从试验设计采用的45 μm筛筛余15%左右增加到30%左右,这将有利于MEA生产企业的节能降耗。     

机车车轮多轴疲劳强度安全评定的研究

使用ANSYS8.0软件对高速列车车轮进行了三维有限元分析,计算出车轮在直线、曲线和道岔条件下牵引、制动共6种工况时孔边薄弱部位的应力,分别通过Mises等效平均应力方法、Sines平均主应力方法和应力分量中考虑平均应力方法计算出应力在极值位置时的等效应力幅、等效平均应力,从而进一步算出车轮的安全系数,对其疲劳强度进行评定,并对3种方法进行了比较研究。     

Constructal optimization of the geometry of an array of micro-channels

This paper documents the geometric optimization of an array of circular and non-circular ducts. The optimization was carried out numerically using finite volume method. As optimal dimensions were independent of the array configuration, the numerical simulation was performed on a unit cell. Numerical optimization for circular, square and isosceles right triangle cross-sections of channels was performed. Based on the results of this investigation, some correlations were proposed to predict the optimal hydraulic diameter and dimensionless heat transfer per unit volume. In addition to examining the effect of pressure drop on these parameters, it was showed that among the different geometries of this study, square cross-section has the most efficiency for a given volume. The numerical results of the present study were compared with approximate results reported in the literature which a good agreement was observed.     

Heat of vaporization of mixtures

General expressions for the heat of vaporization of mixtures at constant pressure; at constant temperature; and at constant pressure, temperature, and composition are proposed. The last one is related to the liquid-vapor interface where steady vaporization or condensation is taking place. Numerical examples by the proposed expressions are shown for binary mixtures of HCFC22(R22) and (HCFC123(R123) © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 25(1): 12–24, 1996     

固体热辐射Yong性能分析

本文对漫灰均温物体在常物性条件下对外辐射传热的Ｙｏｎｇ值计算建立了数学模型。通过与物体内能Ｙｏｎｇ公式的数值计算比较,得出了辐射能量的Ｙｏｎｇ值不大于内能Ｙｏｎｇ值的结论。从初步的热射Ｙｏｎｇ值计算公式发现。Ｙｏｎｇ与物体表面辐射率有关。     

生物质催化热裂解技术的研究进展

生物质催化裂解是生物质热化学转化的一种重要途径。综述了生物质催化热裂解技术使用的反应器、催化剂类型,以及催化热裂解过程中热裂解温度、吹扫气、升温速率、生物质原料等条件的影响,展望了生物质催化热裂解技术的发展趋势。