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1.
Self‐Assembly of Flexible Free‐Standing 3D Porous MoS2‐Reduced Graphene Oxide Structure for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
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Yunfeng Chao Rouhollah Jalili Yu Ge Caiyun Wang Tian Zheng Kewei Shu Gordon G. Wallace 《Advanced functional materials》2017,27(22)
Flexible freestanding electrodes are highly desired to realize wearable/flexible batteries as required for the design and production of flexible electronic devices. Here, the excellent electrochemical performance and inherent flexibility of atomically thin 2D MoS2 along with the self‐assembly properties of liquid crystalline graphene oxide (LCGO) dispersion are exploited to fabricate a porous anode for high‐performance lithium ion batteries. Flexible, free‐standing MoS2–reduced graphene oxide (MG) film with a 3D porous structure is fabricated via a facile spontaneous self‐assembly process and subsequent freeze‐drying. This is the first report of a one‐pot self‐assembly, gelation, and subsequent reduction of MoS2/LCGO composite to form a flexible, high performance electrode for charge storage. The gelation process occurs directly in the mixed dispersion of MoS2 and LCGO nanosheets at a low temperature (70 °C) and normal atmosphere (1 atm). The MG film with 75 wt% of MoS2 exhibits a high reversible capacity of 800 mAh g?1 at a current density of 100 mA g?1. It also demonstrates excellent rate capability, and excellent cycling stability with no capacity drop over 500 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 400 mA g?1. 相似文献
2.
Free‐Standing Carbon Nanofibrous Films Prepared by a Fast Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis Process
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Almut M. Schwenke Steffi Stumpf Stephanie Hoeppener Ulrich S. Schubert 《Advanced functional materials》2014,24(11):1602-1608
Carbon nanofibrous (CNF) films are of great interest for various applications, e.g., as substrates for electrodes, sensors, or catalysts. Here, a fast microwave‐assisted synthesis is reported to fabricate square‐centimeter large free‐standing carbon nanofibrous films of approximately 10 μm thickness utilizing nickel‐based catalysts and ethanol as carbon source. The obtained CNF coatings exhibit a good stability and partial self‐delamination from the substrate is observed, which enables their easy detachment from the substrate without the need for further treatment. Scanning electron microscopy is applied to investigate the morphology of the films and to develop a growth model. 相似文献
3.
Zhun Shi Xinjiang Chen Xuewen Wang Ting Zhang Jian Jin 《Advanced functional materials》2011,21(22):4358-4363
A one‐pot and readily practical approach is described for the preparation of superstrong, ultrathin, free‐standing single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) films. The SWNT films, with controlled thicknesses of tens to hundreds of nanometers, are prepared from commonly commercialized SWNTs via a wet process. The SWNTs could be easily transferred onto any substrates after self‐releasing from filter membranes without further treatment. The obtained films exhibit excellent performances with sheet resistance of 223 Ω sq?1 and a transparency of 90% at 550 nm was obtained. Most important is that the as‐prepared free‐standing SWNT ultrathin films showed extremely high tensile strength up to 850 MPa for only about a 20‐nm thick film, which has great significance for practical applications, for example, as flexible electrode materials. The SWNT film is used to construct a capacitive touch‐screen prototype, which has a highly sensitive and quick signal touch response. 相似文献
4.
Oil/water separation is a worldwide challenge. Learning from nature provides a promising approach for the construction of functional materials with oil/water separation. In this contribution, inspired by superhydrophobic self‐cleaning lotus leaves and porous biomaterials, a facile method is proposed to fabricate polyurethane foam with simultaneous superhydrophobicity and superoleophilicity. Due to its low density, light weight, and superhydrophobicity, the as‐prepared foam can float easily on water. Furthermore, the foam demonstrates super‐repellency towards corrosive liquids, self‐cleaning, and oil/water separation properties, possessing multifunction integration. We expect that this low‐cost process can be readily and widely adopted for the design of multifunctional foams for large‐area oil‐spill cleanup. 相似文献
5.
Self‐standing electrodes are the key to realize flexible Li‐ion batteries. However, fabrication of self‐standing cathodes is still a major challenge. In this work, porous LiCoO2 nanosheet arrays are grown on Au‐coated stainless steel (Au/SS) substrates via a facile “hydrothermal lithiation” method using Co3O4 nanosheet arrays as the template followed by quick annealing in air. The binder‐free and self‐standing LiCoO2 nanosheet arrays represent the 3D cathode and exhibit superior rate capability and cycling stability. In specific, the LiCoO2 nanosheet array electrode can deliver a high reversible capacity of 104.6 mA h g?1 at 10 C rate and achieve a capacity retention of 81.8% at 0.1 C rate after 1000 cycles. By coupling with Li4Ti5O12 nanosheet arrays as anode, an all‐nanosheet array based LiCoO2//Li4Ti5O12 flexible Li‐ion battery is constructed. Benefiting from the 3D nanoarchitectures for both cathode and anode, the flexible LiCoO2//Li4Ti5O12 battery can deliver large specific reversible capacities of 130.7 mA h g?1 at 0.1 C rate and 85.3 mA h g?1 at 10 C rate (based on the weight of cathode material). The full cell device also exhibits good cycling stability with 80.5% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 0.1 C rate, making it promising for the application in flexible Li‐ion batteries. 相似文献
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Sodium‐Ion Batteries: An Integrated Free‐Standing Flexible Electrode with Holey‐Structured 2D Bimetallic Phosphide Nanosheets for Sodium‐Ion Batteries (Adv. Funct. Mater. 26/2018)
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Xiao‐Wei Wang Hai‐Peng Guo Ji Liang Jia‐Feng Zhang Bao Zhang Jia‐Zhao Wang Wen‐Bin Luo Hua‐Kun Liu Shi‐Xue Dou 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(26)
8.
New Strategy for Polysulfide Protection Based on Atomic Layer Deposition of TiO2 onto Ferroelectric‐Encapsulated Cathode: Toward Ultrastable Free‐Standing Room Temperature Sodium–Sulfur Batteries
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Dingtao Ma Yongliang Li Jingbo Yang Hongwei Mi Shan Luo Libo Deng Chaoyi Yan Muhammad Rauf Peixin Zhang Xueliang Sun Xiangzhong Ren Jianqing Li Han Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(11)
The room temperature (RT) sodium–sulfur batteries (Na–S) hold great promise for practical applications including energy storage and conversion due to high energy density, long lifespan, and low cost, as well based on the abundant reserves of both sodium metal and sulfur. Herein, freestanding (C/S/BaTiO3)@TiO2 (CSB@TiO2) electrode with only ≈3 wt% of BaTiO3 additive and ≈4 nm thickness of amorphous TiO2 atomic layer deposition protective layer is rational designed, and first used for RT Na–S batteries. Results show that such cathode material exhibits high rate capability and excellent durability compared with pure C/S and C/S/BaTiO3 electrodes. Notably, this CSB@TiO2 electrode performs a discharge capacity of 524.8 and 382 mA h g?1 after 1400 cycles at 1 A g?1 and 3000 cycles at 2 A g?1, respectively. Such superior electrochemical performance is mainly attributed from the “BaTiO3‐C‐TiO2” synergetic structure within the matrix, which enables effectively inhibiting the shuttle effect, restraining the volumetric variation and stabilizing the ionic transport interface. 相似文献
9.
2D Heterostructure Membranes with Sunlight‐Driven Self‐Cleaning Ability for Highly Efficient Oil–Water Separation
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Yanan Liu Yanlei Su Jingyuan Guan Jialin Cao Runnan Zhang Mingrui He Kang Gao Linjie Zhou Zhongyi Jiang 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(13)
Introducing solar energy into membrane filtration to decrease energy and chemicals consumption represents a promising direction in membrane fields. In this study, a kind of 0D/2D heterojunction is fabricated by depositing biomineralized titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles with delaminated graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets, and subsequently a kind of 2D heterostructure membrane is fabricated via intercalating g‐C3N4@TiO2 heterojunctions into adjacent graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets by a vacuum‐assisted self‐assembly process. Due to the enlarged interlayer spacing of GO nanosheets, the initial permeation flux of GO/g‐C3N4@TiO2 membrane reaches to 4536 Lm?2 h?1 bar?1, which is more than 40‐fold of GO membranes (101 Lm?2 h?1 bar?1) when utilized for oil/water separation. To solve the sharp permeation flux decline, arising from the adsorption of oil droplets, the a sunlight‐driven self‐cleaning process is followed, maintaining a flux recovery ratio of more than 95% after ten cycles of filtration experiment. The high permeation flux and excellent sunlight‐driven flux recovery of these heterostructure membranes manifest their attractive potential application in water purification. 相似文献
10.
Stimuli‐Directing Self‐Organized 3D Liquid‐Crystalline Nanostructures: From Materials Design to Photonic Applications
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3D photonic nanostructures with desirable functionalities in the visible light region and beyond have been recently given vast and increasing attentions because of the ability to control or confine electromagnetic waves in all three dimensions. Although substantial progress has been made in fabricating 3D nanostructures by means of lithography and nanotechnology, various bottlenecks still need to be overcome, and developing soft 3D stimuli‐directed nanostructures with tailored properties remains a challenging but exciting work. In this context, soft nanotechnology—i.e., exploiting self‐organized soft materials in nanotechnology—is emerging as a vibrant and burgeoning field of research in the bottom‐up nanofabrication of intelligent stimuli‐driven 3D photonic materials and devices. Liquid‐crystalline materials undoubtedly represent such a marvelous dynamic system that combines the liquid‐like fluidity and crystal‐like ordering from molecular to macroscopic material levels. Importantly, being “soft” makes the materials responsive to various stimuli such as temperature, light, mechanical force, and electric and magnetic fields as well as chemical and electrochemical reactions, resulting in a fascinating tunability of dynamic photonic bandgaps in the 3D nanostructure that provides numerous opportunities in all‐optical integrated circuits and next‐generation communication systems. Here, the development of 3D photonic nanostructures is reviewed, culminating with perspectives for the future scope and challenges of these emerging soft 3D photonic nanostructures towards device applications. 相似文献
11.
Bo Cao Yan Cheng Minghao Hu Peng Jing Zhixue Ma Baocang Liu Rui Gao Jun Zhang 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(44)
The construction of a novel 3D self‐supported integrated NixCo2?xP@NC (0 < x < 2) nanowall array (NA) on Ni foam (NF) electrode constituting highly dispersed NixCo2?xP nanoparticles, nanorods, nanocapsules, and nanodendrites embedded in N‐doped carbon (NC) NA grown on NF is reported. Benefiting from the collective effects of special morphological and structural design and electronic structure engineering, the NixCo2?xP@NC NA/NF electrodes exhibit superior electrocatalytic performance for water splitting with an excellent stability in a wide pH range. The optimal NiCoP@NC NA/NF electrode exhibits the best hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity in acidic solution so far, attaining a current density of 10 mA cm?2 at an overpotential of 34 mV. Moreover, the electrode manifests remarkable performances toward both HER and oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline medium with only small overpotentials of 37 mV at 10 mA cm?2 and 305 mV at 50 mA cm?2, respectively. Most importantly, when coupling with the NiCoP@NC NA/NF electrode for overall water splitting, an alkali electrolyzer delivers a current density of 20 mA cm?2 at a very low cell voltage of ≈1.56 V. In addition, the NiCoP@NC NA/NF electrode has outstanding long‐term durability at j = 10 mA cm?2 with a negligible degradation in current density over 22 h in both acidic and alkaline media. 相似文献
12.
Aerogels are considered ideal candidates for various applications, because of their low bulk density, highly porous nature, and functional performance. However, the time intensive nature of the complex fabrication process limits their potential application in various fields. Recently, incorporation of a fibrous network has resulted in production of aerogels with improved properties and functionalities. A facile approach is presented to fabricate hybrid sol–gel electrospun silica‐cellulose diacetate (CDA)‐based nanofibers to generate thermally and mechanically stable nanofiber aerogels. Thermal treatment results in gluing the silica‐CDA network strongly together thereby enhancing aerogel mechanical stability and hydrophobicity without compromising their highly porous nature (>98%) and low bulk density (≈10 mg cm?3). X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ Fourier‐transform infrared studies demonstrate the development of strong bonds between silica and the CDA network, which result in the fabrication of cross‐linked structure responsible for their mechanical and thermal robustness and enhanced affinity for oils. Superhydrophobic nature and high oleophilicity of the hybrid aerogels enable them to be ideal candidates for oil spill cleaning, while their flame retardancy and low thermal conductivity can be explored in various applications requiring stability at high temperatures. 相似文献
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The photoconductive properties of a uniform ultrathin multilayer film composed of alternating poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) layers, fabricated on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) sheet are reported. The assembly of the two electron‐rich layer components on the temperature‐sensitive substrate is realized using a layer‐by‐layer‐deposition technique under mild conditions and HI/H2O vapor treatment at 100 °C. This protocol is established to simultaneously convert the layer components to their conjugated counterparts, PPV and RGO in the multilayer films, whose total thicknesses shrinks to 50% of their original values due to lattice contraction. Furthermore, the surface roughness decreases significantly, in contrast to the results obtained from general chemical treatments. The PET sheets coated with (PPV/RGO)15 films exhibit a photocurrent of 115 μA at an illumination intensity of 1.1 mW and a photoresponsivity of 111.1 mA W?1 at an illumination intensity of 0.5 mW; these are among the best values yet achieved in carbon‐based materials. The establishment of a method for fabricating (PPV/RGO) films on a temperature‐sensitive transparent flexible sheet is crucial for the development of organic‐based portable electronic devices. 相似文献
16.
A. Brillante I. Bilotti C. Albonetti J.‐F. Moulin P. Stoliar F. Biscarini D. M. de Leeuw 《Advanced functional materials》2007,17(16):3119-3127
We report confocal micro‐Raman spectra of the organic semiconductor α‐sexithiophene (T6) on bulk crystals and on thin films grown on technologically relevant substrates and devices. We show that the two polymorphs, which are clearly identified by their lattice phonon spectra, may coexist as physical impurities of one inside the other in the same crystallite. Spatial distribution of the two phases is monitored by Raman phonon mapping of crystals grown upon different conditions. Raman microscopy has then been extended to T6 thin films grown on silicon oxide wafers. We identify the crystal phase in thin films whose thickness is just 18 nm. The most intense total‐symmetric Raman vibration is still detectable for a two‐monolayer thick film. Comparative analysis between micro‐Raman and AFM of T6 thin films grown on field effect transistors shows that electrode‐channel steps favour the nucleation and growth of T6 molecules on the substrate, at least below 50 nm. 相似文献
17.
Living Cells Directly Growing on a DNA/Mn3(PO4)2‐Immobilized and Vertically Aligned CNT Array as a Free‐Standing Hybrid Film for Highly Sensitive In Situ Detection of Released Superoxide Anions
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Fang Xin Hu Yue Jun Kang Feng Du Lin Zhu Yu Hua Xue Tao Chen Li Ming Dai Chang Ming Li 《Advanced functional materials》2015,25(37):5924-5932
It is important to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) in situ for investigation of various critical biological processes, and this is however very challenging because of the limited sensitivity or/and selectivity of existing methods that are mainly based on sensing ROS released by cells with short lifetimes and low concentrations in a culture medium. Here, a new approach is reported to directly grow living cells on DNA/Mn3(PO4)2‐immobilized and vertically aligned carbon nanotube (VACNT) array nanostructure as a smart free‐standing hybrid film, of which the DNA/Mn3(PO4)2 and VACNT provide high electroactivity and excellent electron transport, respectively, while the directly grown cell on the nanostructure offers short diffusion distance to reaction sites, thus constructing a highly sensitive in situ method for detection of cancer‐cell‐released ROS under drug stimulations. Compared to the measured ROS released by cells in a culture medium, the detection sensitivity with this constructed hybrid film increases by more than six times, which implies that ROS molecules (superoxide anions) secreted from living cells are immediately captured by this smart structure without diffusion process or with extremely short diffusion distance. This design considerably reduces the time from release to detection of the target molecules, minimizing the potential molecular decay due to the short lifetime or high reactivity. 相似文献
18.
Lingxia Zheng Xiaolei Deng Yongzhi Wang Jiaxin Chen Xiaosheng Fang Liang Wang Xiaowei Shi Huajun Zheng 《Advanced functional materials》2020,30(24)
A novel inorganic–organic heterojunction (TiO2/P3HT (poly(3‐hexylthiophene)) is easily prepared by a combination of anodization and vacuumed dip‐coating methods, and the constructed flexible fibrous photodetector (FPD) exhibits high‐performance self‐powered UV–visible broadband photoresponse with fast speed, high responsivity, and good stability, as well as highly stable performance at bending states, showing great potential for wearable electronic devices. Moreover, Au nanoparticles are deposited to further boost the responsivity and selectivity by regulating the sputtering intervals. The optimal Au/TiO2/P3HT FPD yields an ≈700% responsivity enhancement at 0 V under 350 nm illumination. The sharp cut‐off edge and high UV–visible rejection ratio (≈17 times higher) indicate a self‐powered flexible UV photodetector. This work provides an effective and versatile route to modulate the photoelectric performance of flexible electronic devices. 相似文献
19.
Yongchao Huang Zhongjie Guo Hong Liu Shanqing Zhang Pingshan Wang Jun Lu Yexiang Tong 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(45)
The availability of robust, versatile, and efficient photocatalysts is the main bottleneck in practical applications of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. Herein, N‐WO3/Ce2S3 nanotube bundles (NBs) are synthesized and successfully immobilized on a carbon textile, resulting in a flexible and conducting photocatalyst. Due to the large interfacial area between N‐WO3 and Ce2S3, the interwoven 3D carbon architecture and, more importantly, the establishment of a heterojunction between N‐WO3 and Ce2S3, the resultant photocatalyst exhibits excellent light absorption capacity and superior ability to separate photoinduced electron–hole pairs for the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds in air and water media. Theoretical calculations confirm that the strong electronic interaction between N‐WO3 and Ce2S3 can be beneficial to the enhancement of the charge carrier transfer dynamics of the as‐prepared photocatalyst. This work provides a new protocol for constructing efficient flexible photocatalysts for application in environmental remediation. 相似文献