风电并网价值分析

风电的接入因能替代常规机组发电而具有正向价值,同时也因会改变系统中不同类型机组的运行方式而带来负向价值。为衡量风电并网价值,建立了含风电机组日前优化调度模型,模型中考虑了不同机组的特性及负荷与风电的随机性和误差,从风电渗透率、负荷与风电预测误差和负荷与风电相关性3方面分析了它们对风电价值的影响。结果表明：风电并网容量较小时,风电具备减小系统运行成本的价值;风电并网容量较大时,机组启停费用增加,致使风电不具备并网的价值。     

基于NB-IoT的民用建筑并网光伏发电系统

常规的民用建筑并网光伏发电系统以电气连接的方式为主,无法获得发电信号的详细位置,会对系统运行造成经济负担。因此,该文设计了基于NB-IoT的民用建筑并网光伏发电系统。硬件方面,设计了并网逆变器与光伏电池板。软件方面,建立了民用建筑并网光伏发电功能模块,设计发电系统的整体功能架构。并基于NBIoT设计了并网光伏发电信号定位算法,获得发电信号的详细位置,减少系统在发电信号位置定位方面消耗的能量,从而确保系统运行的经济性。最后采用系统测试的方式,验证了该系统具有良好的运行经济性,能够应用于实际生活。     

分布式光伏储能系统综合效益评估与激励机制

配电网中分布式能源渗透率不断增加,其有效消纳与控制成为新的热点课题。储能和分布式发电系统的结合可以平滑这些间歇电能并网,降低光伏发电对电网的冲击,并提高电网对新能源的接纳能力。鉴于储能发展的必要性以及分布式光伏储能项目面临的成本和经济性问题,建立分布式光伏储能系统全寿命周期的综合效益评估模型。该模型从项目成本、年收益、总利润和静态投资回收期等方面研究了分布式光伏储能系统的经济性,并从配电网改造和备用成本等方面评估了项目的社会整体效益。算例结果表明,分布式光伏储能系统发电自用率高,年净收益增长明显,其经济性对上网电价和度电补贴的依赖较小。随着光伏和储能技术的发展成熟,无储能系统将不再具备经济性优势,分布式光伏储能系统拥有更大的发展潜力。最后,结合国外可再生能源的发展经验,从社会效益回馈用户、电价激励和金融支持等角度提出了政策和激励建议,以促进分布式光伏行业的健康发展。     

国家电网光伏电站并网技术标准解读

光伏系统接入电网作为光伏发电的重要环节,直接关系到光伏发电对公用电网的影响。未来光伏并网多应用于110kV以下的输电线路,电网运行环境极为复杂,并网技术难点亦将倍增,光伏发电功率的波动性、随机性、高渗透率给中国电网的安全稳定运行带来了新的挑战。     

考虑经济性的多微电网优化调度研究

多微电网并网方式主要有单独并网方式和联合协调并网方式,这2种并网方式下微电网内部的微电源工作状态不同导致发电成本不同。为了减少发电成本,在满足相关微电源约束条件的前提下,建立一种考虑经济性的多微电网能量优化调度模型和单微电网的优化调度模型。由于传统人工鱼群算法精度低,收敛速度慢,提出一种基于模拟退火算法改进的人工鱼群（the artificial fish swarm algorithm based on simulated annealing algorithm,SA_AFSA）算法,该算法克服了传统鱼群算法的缺点。结合具体算例,通过该算法来求解单微电网和多微电网经济性优化调度问题,并比较2种并网方式下的发电成本。实验结果表明,在仅考虑经济性的前提下,多微电网联合协调并网的发电成本低于单微电网单独并网。     

光储电站中的锂离子电池充放电策略研究

正随着光伏发电接入电网的比例不断提高,光伏发电的间隙性与不可确定性给电力系统的稳定性带来了很多问题,而光储电站可通过能量存储和资源容量配置实现本地能源生产与用能负荷的基本平衡。对于光伏并网系统,通过配置一定容量的储能系统组成可控型光储一体化发电系统,使光伏发电具有与传统发电系统一样的特性,具备可调度能力,减少对大电网的并网冲击,解决大规模可再生能源间歇性、波动性、不确定性及电力电子接口给电网带来的     

光伏并网发电系统对电网的影响研究

光伏并网发电系统（太阳能并网发电系统）通过把光能转化为电能,不经过蓄电池储能,直接通过并网逆变光伏发电系统,把电能输送上电网。太阳能发电是一种可再生的能源,对石油、煤、天然气等有着替代的作用。现在我国对能源的需求量急速增长,不可再生能源消耗迅速,发展光伏发电技术可以有效地解决能源紧缺的问题,因此加强光伏发电具有重要意义。本文对并网光伏发电系统进行了简要介绍,对并网光伏发电的特性和光伏发电的优缺点及并网光伏发电对我国电网的影响进行分析,并制定了可靠的技术措施。     

储能在电网中的应用价值及其商业模式

随着风电、光伏渗透率逐渐增大,其并网给电网稳定运行带来了诸多挑战。储能技术可以有效平抑新能源功率波动,增强新能源发电可控性,提高新能源的并网接入能力,因此在电网中配置储能的相关研究与技术受到越来越多的关注。以储能系统接入电网的功能为切入点,针对储能系统在调频、调峰、备用容量和延缓输配电扩容升级等4种场景中的应用价值进行研究和归纳,讨论了储能相关商业模式的发展前景和未来待研究的关键科学问题。     

光伏并网对电网自动化控制系统的影响

随着光伏发电装机容量持续扩大,相应地增加光伏发电系统的占比,成为重要能源形式。光伏出力具有波动性和随机性,光伏并网将会对电网自动化控制系统产生严重冲击,所以必须深入分析影响作用,确保光伏并网系统运行安全。该次研究主要是讨论和分析光伏并网与电网自动化控制系统的影响关系,希望能够为相关人员提供参考。     

太阳能光伏-光热复合发电技术及其商业化应用

由于太阳能自身的间歇性和不稳定性,提高太阳能发电并网的质量成为近年来的研究热点。太阳能光伏-光热（photovoltaic/concentrated solar power,PV-CSP）复合发电技术作为一种新兴技术,相比于单独的太阳能光伏（PV）和太阳能热（CSP）发电技术具有诸多优势,目前已有多种技术形式实现了商业化。介绍了PV、CSP发电技术及PV-CSP复合发电技术,通过一些典型商业化PV-CSP复合电站的建设及运行情况,分析了当今商业化PV-CSP复合电站的应用现状,并综述了近年来对PV-CSP复合发电系统的技术和经济性研究情况。     

Reliability assessment of restructured power systems using optimal load shedding technique

Power systemrestructuring and deregulation has changed the strategy of reliabilitymanagement of a power system. Load shedding, and generation and reserve re-dispatch methods used in the existing reliability evaluation techniques have to be improved to incorporate these changes. An optimisation technique, incorporating those changes, is proposed in this study to determine load curtailment and generation re-dispatch for each contingency state in the reliability evaluation of restructured power systems with the Poolco market structure. The problem is formulated using the optimal power flow (OPF) technique. The objective of the problem is to minimise the total system cost, which includes generation, reserve and interruption costs, subject to market and network constraints. A model for the contingency management of a Poolco power market is presented to include generation and reserve biddings, reliability considerations and transmission network constraints in reliability evaluation. Both supply side reliability for a generation company (Genco) and demand-side reliability for a customer can be calculated using the technique. The proposed technique can be used to evaluate both conventional and restructured power systems, and can provide both economic and reliability information for the independent system operator to manage system reliability, for Gencos to enhance their reliability, and for customer to select suppliers. The modified IEEE-RTS with the Poolco market has been analysed to illustrate the techniques. The results obtained using the proposed technique have been compared with those from the existing load shedding techniques.     

Intelligent controlled shunt active power filter for voltage and current harmonic compensation in microgrid system

An integrated microgrid with a novel shunt active power filter (APF) using Elman neural network (ENN) is proposed in this study. The microgrid consists of a storage system, a photovoltaic (PV) system, the shunt APF, a linear load, and a nonlinear load. Moreover, the master/slave control algorithm is adopted in the microgrid. The storage system, which is considered as the master unit, is adopted to control the active and reactive power outputs (P/Q control) in grid-connected mode and the voltage and frequency of the microgrid (V/f control) in islanded mode. Furthermore, the PV system is considered as the slave unit to implement P/Q control in both grid-connected and islanded modes. In addition, the proposed shunt APF possesses dual functions of voltage and current harmonic compensation for microgrid under voltage harmonic propagation and nonlinear load to reduce the voltage and current total harmonic distortions (THD) effectively. Additionally, an ENN controller is adopted in the proposed shunt APF to improve the transient and steady-state responses of DC-link voltage during the switching between the grid-connected mode and islanded mode. Finally, some simulation results are provided to verify the feasibility and the effectiveness of the integrated microgrid with the intelligent controlled shunt APF.     

泛在电力物联网实施策略研究

建设泛在电力物联网是实现能源转型目标的必要手段。从电力系统发展历程和面临的问题出发,论述了泛在电力物联网的意义,提出了实施策略和可能遇到的问题。为实现能源转型,风电光电等可再生能源装机容量不断增加。这些能源的随机性给电力系统的功率平衡造成巨大压力,有时不得不弃掉一部分风电光电。为了维持电力系统的稳定运行、提高风电光电的利用率,必须对可控负荷和分散式发电进行控制。因此,需要用互联网连接可控负荷和分散式发电,形成泛在电力物联网。常规发电厂、大型风电场、光电站等已经和电力系统连接了,调度可以直接控制。因此,泛在电力物联网主要任务是连接负荷和分散式发电,尤其是可控负荷。电动汽车是可控负荷中最容易实现可控的,其次是热水器、电热锅炉和空调等。利用泛在电力物联网,协同控制风电光电、可控负荷、分散式发电等,可以提高风电光电利用率,实现能源转型目标。     

Optimal Implementation of Photovoltaic and Battery Energy Storage in Distribution Networks

Recently, implementation of Battery Energy Storage (BES) with photovoltaic (PV) array in distribution networks is becoming very popular in overall the world. Integrating PV alone in distribution networks generates variable output power during 24-hours as it depends on variable natural source. PV can be able to generate constant output power during 24-hours by installing BES with it. Therefore, this paper presents a new application of a recent metaheuristic algorithm, called Slime Mould Algorithm (SMA), to determine the best size, and location of photovoltaic alone or with battery energy storage in the radial distribution system (RDS). This algorithm is modeled from the behavior of SMA in nature. During the optimization process, the total active power loss during 24-hours is used as an objective function considering the equality and inequality constraints. In addition, the presented function is based on the probabilistic for PV output and different types of system load. The candidate buses for integrating PV and BES in the distribution network are determined by the real power loss sensitivity factor (PLSF). IEEE 69-bus RDS with different types of loads is used as a test system. The effectiveness of SMA is validated by comparing its results with those obtained by other well-known optimization algorithms.     

光伏并网式家用空调系统性能的实验研究

针对目前的家用空调系统,本文设计了一种以太阳能光伏发电技术为基础,与国家电网并网,共同驱动空调工作的系统,称为光伏并网式家用空调系统。利用光伏发电技术,通过逆变器将太阳能提供的电力转变为220 V、50 Hz家用电源,实现与市电电网的并网,来共同驱动空调运行。利用焓差实验室,对光伏并网式家用空调系统在连接100 W、135 W和185 W不同功率太阳能电池板进行空调系统的性能实验。实验结果表明:光伏并网式空调系统能稳定驱动运行。在标准工况下,与常规家用空调系统相比,制冷模式下,光伏并网式空调系统的制冷功率分别减少52 W、78 W和104 W,能效比分别提高4.2%、5.5%和10.2%。制热模式下,光伏并网式空调系统的制热功率分别减少68 W、84 W和116 W,性能系数分别提高6.4%、8%和11%。这表明光伏并网式家用空调系统是可行的,还可以有效节能。     

Multi-objective optimization of a grid-connected PV system for a public building: Faculty of Sciences and Technology at Pau

Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy - In this paper, an optimal sizing of a grid-connected PV system to accommodate the load demands of a public building (i.e., Faculty of Sciences and...     

Generating capacity adequacy evaluation of small stand-alone power systems containing solar energy

This paper presents a time sequential simulation method for generating capacity adequacy evaluation of small stand-alone power systems containing solar energy (PSCSE) operating in parallel with battery storage. The reliability performance of such a system is quite different from one containing only conventional generation. This is due to the chronological random nature of the solar radiation level and the dependencies associated with the power output of every photovoltaic (PV) generating unit at the site location. The adequacy of a PSCSE depends on various factors such as the solar radiation level, the battery size and charging (discharging) capability, the failure/repair characteristics of the diesel generator (DG) and the PV unit, the system load profile and peak load and the solar energy penetration level in the system etc. The methodologies, results and discussions presented in this paper should provide valuable information to utilities involved in planning and operating stand-alone systems utilizing both conventional and solar energy.     

石油钻机光储柴供电系统运行控制策略

石油钻机市场的繁荣发展使其供电问题越来越受到人们的关注。为了提高石油钻机的供电可靠性,采用光储柴的供电模式以替代单一柴油发电机的供电模式。首先,建立石油钻机光储柴供电系统拓扑结构,并进行相应单元的建模;其次,构建光储柴供电系统的经济性模型,同时兼顾储能荷电状态（state of charge,SOC）及其功率、柴油发电机功率等约束,以实现系统的经济运行;最后,通过案例分析了运行控制策略的有效性。研究结果为石油钻机的供电模式提供了参考。     

光蓄互补系统接入对配电网供电可靠性的影响

光蓄互补系统接入对配网的供电可靠性有较大影响.首先,介绍了典型系统的负荷曲线和光伏出力曲线特点,以及储能运行策略、配网供电可靠性评估指标和评估方法;然后,讨论了不同出力光伏系统、不同容量储能和光蓄互补系统接入对负荷曲线和配网供电可靠性的影响.最后,比较并分析了光伏、储能和光蓄互补系统对配电网供电可靠性的不同影响.研究结果可为光蓄互补系统的容量优化配置提供参考.     

基于自动发电控制的电力互联系统控制

通过电力系统自动发电控制AGC控制数学模型,建立自动发电控制AGC控制下的互联系统的仿真模型,并建立加入区域误差控制ACE的互联系统仿真模型。仿真分析在不同负荷增量的情况下,系统的频率偏差和有功功率偏差。认识自动发电控制AGC系统对联络线功率波动的作用与影响。仿真结果证明,自动发电控制AGC和区域控制ACE控制能够对互联系统的负荷变化进行有效的控制。