抑制OFDM信号峰均比对直接检测光传输系统的性能影响

高峰均比是OFDM通信系统的主要缺点之一,光OFDM通信系统也存在同样的问题.本文将联合Hadamard变换和限幅(Clipping)方法抑制峰均功率比算法成功应用到直接检测的光正交频分复用光纤传输实验平台,重点研究了算法对系统误码性能的影响.实验中产生的2.5 Gb/s QPSK OFDM光信号在标准单模光纤中传输1...     

基于频域导频时域处理的OFDM系统信道估计算法

针对正交频分复用(OFDM)系统,提出了一种适用于时变信道的信道估计算法。该方法利用频域导频,经离散傅立叶变换(DFT),获得的信道冲击响应等效于利用频域导频对应的时域序列和接收信号进行循环相关获得的信道冲击响应。因此,避免了在时域采用复杂的循环相关运算。同时,通过消除频域导频时域序列的自相关误差,能有效降低由DFT谱泄漏导致的信道估计误差。仿真和分析表明,在时变多径衰落信道下,提出的信道估计方法的性能比传统的基于DFT的算法和频域维纳滤波算法有明显提高。     

Overview of Nonlinearity in HTS: What Learned and Prospects for Improvement

The linear surface resistance of the HTS materials is low enough to support a variety of applications that can surpass conventional technology. However, nonlinearity in the form of intermodulation distortion (IMD) is a serious limiting effect for some applications. The nonlinear effects are only weakly correlated with the low-power surface impedance, and considerable material variation has been the hallmark of IMD. With improvement in film quality, the intrinsic nonlinearity now seems to be the most important source of IMD. Presented here is a brief review of the experimental situation and a comparison with the theories of intrinsic nonlinearity. Suggestions for further work are given.     

一种新型的OFDM智能天线

根据自适应天线阵列理论，结合给定的参考波束的误差，引入虚拟干扰的概念，对目标波束图形状进行调整，提出一种新的可以应用于任意类型天线阵列的波束综舍算法．应用提出的新算法，在主辩和旁瓣位置都可以对波束进行有效的调节．最终获得阵列的最优权矢量，能够最小化目标波束图与参考波束图间的差异．理论分析与仿真结果表明，与现有的同类算法相比，该算法能更有效地获得与参考波束基本相符的波束．应用于OFDM智能天线系统时，对不同子载波频率上信号进行单独处理，利用该算法进行波束综合，能够在整个有效频段，使所有子载波上获得基本一致的阵列输出．     

A Learning Based Brain Tumor Detection System

Brain tumor is one of the most dangerous disease that causes due to uncontrollable and abnormal cell partition. In this paper, we have used MRI brain scan in comparison with CT brain scan as it is less harmful to detect brain tumor. We considered watershed segmentation technique for brain tumor detection. The proposed methodology is divided as follows: pre-processing, computing foreground applying watershed, extract and supply features to machine learning algorithms. Consequently, this study is tested on big data set of images and we achieved acceptable accuracy from K-NN classification algorithm in detection of brain tumor.     

光电摆角测量系统中CCD信号检测与处理电路设计

本文介绍了在光电摆角测量系统中,采用多片CCD同步采样实现物体空间摆角实时测量的方法。给出了CCD工作参数和输出信号处理电路的设计,讨论了工程中的有关问题。     

基于PLC的真空泵性能参数自动检测系统设计

本文介绍了一套基于西门子S7-1200 PLC开发的、以触摸屏为人机交互界面的真空泵性能参数自动检测系统。该系统可实现真空度、抽速、温度、转速、电流电压等性能参数的自动测量、采集、处理、储存,并在人机界面以参数、图表等多种形式进行显示等功能。系统在运行过程中可自动判断设备运行安全性并报警,同时上传相关数据至上位机。本文从该系统的总体方案设计、硬件组成和软件编程三方面进行了深入探讨。     

基于声信号的轴承故障诊断方法

机械设备在运行过程中的声音包含了大量的机构运行状态信号，本文采用相关分析，小波变换原理，从应用的角度出发，对滚动轴承故障声信号进行时频分析。通过对声信号的多尺度分解和重构，分离出由故障造成的声信号突变。试验表明，该方法具有较好的可靠性和有效性。     

A Convolution-Based System for Malicious URLs Detection

Since the web service is essential in daily lives, cyber security becomes more and more important in this digital world. Malicious Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is a common and serious threat to cybersecurity. It hosts unsolicited content and lure unsuspecting users to become victim of scams, such as theft of private information, monetary loss, and malware installation. Thus, it is imperative to detect such threats. However, traditional approaches for malicious URLs detection that based on the blacklists are easy to be bypassed and lack the ability to detect newly generated malicious URLs. In this paper, we propose a novel malicious URL detection method based on deep learning model to protect against web attacks. Specifically, we firstly use auto-encoder to represent URLs. Then, the represented URLs will be input into a proposed composite neural network for detection. In order to evaluate the proposed system, we made extensive experiments on HTTP CSIC2010 dataset and a dataset we collected, and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

A Simplified Amplification-Free Strategy with Lyophilized CRISPR-CcrRNA System for Drug-Resistant Salmonella Detection

Drug resistance in pathogenic bacteria has become a major threat to global health. The misuse of antibiotics has increased the number of resistant bacteria in the absence of rapid, accurate, and cost-effective diagnostic tools. Here, an amplification-free CRISPR-Cas12a time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic assay (AFC-TRFIA) is used to detect drug-resistant Salmonella. Multi-locus targeting in combination crRNA (CcrRNA) is 27-fold more sensitive than a standalone crRNA system. The lyophilized CRISPR system further simplifies the operation and enables one-pot detection. Induction of nucleic acid fixation via differentially charged interactions reduced the time and cost required for flowmetric chromatography with enhanced stability. The induction of nucleic acid fixation via differentially charged interactions reduces the time and cost required for flowmetric chromatography with enhanced stability. The platform developed for the detection of drug-resistant Salmonella has an ultra-sensitive detection limit of 84 CFU mL⁻¹ within 30 min, with good linearity in the range of 10²–10⁶ CFU mL⁻¹. In real-world applications, spiked recoveries range from 76.22% to 145.91%, with a coefficient of variation less than 10.59%. AFC-TRFIA offers a cost-effective, sensitive, and virtually equipment-independent platform for preventing foodborne illnesses, screening for drug-resistant Salmonella, and guiding clinical use.     

脉冲激光成像探测系统回波信号仿真

研究激光脉冲回波信号特性并建立其数学模型,是应用回波信号处理技术处理回波,生成目标三维激光仿真图像的基础.首先建立了激光器发射脉冲信号能量在时间和空间上的分布模型,然后依据成像目标的激光图像仿真模板,采用累加激光脚印各采样区发射脉冲信号与对应目标散射面单位冲激响应卷积值的方法,生成了探测器接收回波仿真信号,最后分析了影响回波信号仿真精度的因素.通过对激光脚印采样区个数的合理设置实现了激光脉冲回波波形的精确仿真.     

基于生态省战略定位的福建省旅游业标准体系优化建议

旅游业是福建省的生态效益型产业之一。本文基于福建生态省建设的战略定位,通过对原有的旅游标准体系的问题剖析,提出了福建省旅游业标准体系的优化建议。     

铁磁性管道腐蚀远场涡流检测性能的改进

远场涡流检测由于信号微弱、探头过长等缺点限制了其进一步应用.本文结合有限元仿真和实验方法,研究了改进远场涡流技术性能的几种方法,即: 采用电磁屏蔽、磁路进行传感器优化设计以缩短探头长度、增大信号强度;改进信号调理电路以提高细微缺陷检出能力;利用同态滤波、小波变换以及误差修正等数字信号处理技术确保检测结果的可靠性.实验结果表明,采用上述方法后系统性能得到很大提高,可以有效检测出管道外壁的细微缺陷.     

双稳系统噪声特性的分析与弱信号检测的研究

研究了噪声通过双稳系统其能量向低频区集中的频谱特性，并根据绝热近似理论，得出只有在噪声能量集中的低频区域才能产生随机共振(SR)主谱峰的结论。提出频率压缩变换的SR方法，分析了绝热近似SR技术在大参数条件下从强噪声中检测弱信号的应用。仿真结果表明，只要双稳系统输入端的信噪比不低于-30 dB，且实测采样频率不小于弱周期信号频率的50倍，就可由双稳系统的响应谱得到弱周期信号频率处的SR谱峰值特征。达到识别弱信号的目的。     

基于变形Lorenz系统微弱周期信号频率检测新方法

提出了一种变形的Lorenz混沌检测系统,此系统主要具有混沌态和类周期态两种状态。借鉴平均法推导了此系统的近似周期解。把变形Lorenz系统与状态反馈控制方法相结合,将含有待检测信号的变形Lorenz系统从混沌态控制到类周期态,然后利用频谱分析的方法检测待检测信号的频率。数值仿真结果验证了该方法具有较高的检测精度。最后,对不同频率的微弱正弦信号和非正弦周期信号进行了频率检测,实验结果证明此系统的可行性和有效性。     

叶绿素a测定方法改进的探讨

本文根据《水质监测》(第四版)等资料提供的操作方法,对水样预处理、不同的提取时间等几方面提出了自己试验中的心得体会,采用三色分光法来计算水中叶绿素a的含量。并就质控措施提出建议。     

A Sensitive Aptasensor Based on a Hemin/G‐Quadruplex‐Assisted Signal Amplification Strategy for Electrochemical Detection of Gastric Cancer Exosomes

Emerging evidence indicates that exosomes derived from gastric cancer cells enhance tumor migration and invasion through the modulation of the tumor microenvironment. However, it remains a major problem to detect cancer‐specific exosomes due to technical and biological challenges. Most of the methods reported could not achieve efficient detection of tumor‐derived exosomes in the background of normal exosomes. Herein, a label‐free electrochemical aptasensor is presented for specific detection of gastric cancer exosomes. This platform contains an anti‐CD63 antibody modified gold electrode and a gastric cancer exosome specific aptamer. The aptamer is linked to a primer sequence that is complementary to a G‐quadruplex circular template. The presence of target exosomes could trigger rolling circle amplification and produce multiple G‐quadruplex units. This horseradish peroxidase mimicking DNAzyme could catalyze the reduction of H₂O₂ and generate electrochemical signals. This aptasensor exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity toward gastric cancer exosomes with a detection limit of 9.54 × 10² mL^?1 and a linear response range from 4.8 × 10³ to 4.8 × 10⁶ exosomes per milliliter. Therefore, this electrochemical aptasensor is expected to become a useful tool for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer.     

基于机器视觉的安瓿溶液异物检测系统

针对1～20 mL安瓿瓶装溶液的在线异物检测,本文分析并设计了基于机器视觉的安瓿溶液在线异物检测系统,介绍了检测系统硬件结构和图像采集卡等配置.根据应用要求,对溶液中的不同异物类型,分别设计了合理有效的成像方法,并设计高速旋转急停法成功地区分异物与瓶壁上的干扰.鉴于溶液中异物在图像上的呈现的弱目标性质,设计了一种快速方便的区域分割方法,并在融合传统目标检测方法的基础上,重点提出基于机器视觉的有效的目标检测方法,文章最后给出实验结果并进行分析,证明了算法的有效性和该系统的实用性.     

提高镭射光柱卡纸色标光检测信号识别精度研究

目的 针对凹版印刷以镭射光柱纸作为承印物,镭射光柱对色标检测传感器产生干扰,致使镭射光柱纸不能使用传统套印工艺进行印刷,提出一种可直接在镭射光柱区域直接印刷套准色标的新工艺与技术方案。方法 对色标传检测感器检测原理进行分析,分析镭射光柱纸的特点以及对色标传感器造成的干扰。根据镭射光柱光谱反射率曲线来进行滤光镜片的选取,同时也加入衰减镜片以及消光膜进行组合实验测量电压,实验使用松德凹印机组进行。以白卡纸套印电压作为参考,选取不同镜片组合进行生产打样。结果 镜片组合可以滤除镭射光柱,色标传感器能准确检测色标光信号,上机打样满足高精度多色套印,且不需要复杂的镂空、遮盖工艺,节省了一组色序,并节省了2%的承印物原材料。结论 对色标检测传感器检测原理的分析以及对镭射光柱纸的光谱反射率曲线的测量,实现了使用滤光镜片组合对镭射光柱的滤除,证明了套准标记可直接印刷在镭射光柱区域的可行性。同时,提高了承印物的利用率,减低了油墨使用量。     

BOTDR系统应用Simplex编码的信号快速处理方法

本文提出了一种将Simplex编码调制去噪技术与叠加平均去噪技术相结合的方法—S叠加算法。该方法是将S编码与叠加平均算法混合使用,在去噪效果相同的情况下,S叠加算法可以大幅度减少叠加次数,缩短了信号处理时间,同时,降低了随着Simplex编码长度的增加对信号解调带来的困难;对分布式光纤传感系统进行数学建模,并在此模型的基础上进行了数值分析,数据表明,S叠加算法可以大幅度减少信号的处理时间,证明了该方法的正确性和有效性。