稀王含量对MmNi5湛储氢合金性能的影响

测试了ＭｍｘＮｉ３．８Ｃｏ０．６Ｍｎ０．５５Ｔｉ０．０５（ｘ＝１．０５,１,０．９５）合金的充放电特性及循环寿命,当ｘ＝１．０５时,合金有较高的放电容量而循环寿命略有降低,这主要归因于稀土元素有较好的吸氢特性且易在晶界处偏析,形成ＭｎＮｉ相,当ｘ＝０．９５时,合金的放电容量及循环寿命显著降低,它是由于合金中的Ｍｎ向晶界处偏析,且极易溶于６ＭＫＯＨ中,破坏了合金的表面,降低了放电容量和循环寿命。     

非化学计量比贮氢合金M1（Ni0.71Co0.15Al0.06Mn0.08）x的？…

研究了化学配比ｘ对贮氢合金Ｍ１（Ｎｉ０．７１Ｃｏ０．１５Ａｌ０．０６Ｍｎ０．０８）ｘ（４．６≤ｘ≤５．２）的结构、组织、电化学性能和ｐ－ｃ－Ｔ特性的影响。结果表明,随着ｘ增大非化学计量比合金点阵常数ａ值减小,ｃ值增大,单胞体积减小,当ｘ＝５．２时ｃ／ａ达到最大值。ｘ＝５．０的化学计量比合金具有最小的点阵常数和单胞体积。放电容量、充放电循环稳定性和ｐ－ｃ－Ｔ曲线平台压均随着ｘ增大而提高,当ｘ＝５．２     

混合稀土贮氢合金（Ml）xNi3.8Co0.75Mn0.4Ti0.05）相结构 …

对（Ｍｌ）ｘ（Ｎｉ３．８Ｃｏ０．７５ＭｎＴｉ０．０５）合金（ｘ＝０．９０～１．１０）的相结构,热力学性能及合金电极的充放电性能进行了研究。结果表明：在ｘ〈１．００的成分范围内,合金保持单一的ＬａＮｉ５相;当ｘ≥１．００时,合金中析出多种第二相,且总量随ｘ的增加而增多。随着ｘ的增加,合金的晶胞体积及氢化物生成焓（－ΔＨ）增大,吸放氢平台压力降低,宽度增加。合金的最大放电容量在ｘ＝１．００时达到最大值     

含Ni量对机械合金化Mg—Ni系二元贮氢合金结构和电化学？…

采用机械合金化（ＭＡ）方法制备了ＭｇＮｉｘ（ｘ＝０．５,１．０,１．２５,１．５,２．０）二元贮氢合金。并详细研究了含Ｎｉ量对ＭＡＭｇ－Ｎｉ系二元合金结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,当ｘ＝０．５时,ＭＡＭｇＮｉ０．５仍为晶态合金。 形成非晶态结构,且放电容量很低;当ｘ＝１．０～２．０时,ＭＡ Ｍｇ－Ｎｉ二元合金可形成非晶相,且非昌Ｍｇ－Ｎｉ二 合金具有较高的室温放电容量。, 时,在非 组成范围内     

ZrMn0.9—xVxNi1.1（x=0.1—0.8）Laves相贮氢合金的电化学性能

研究了ＡＢ２型锆基Ｌａｖｅｓ相贮氢合金ＺｒＭｎ０．９－ｘＶｘＮｉ１．１（ｘ＝０．１～０．８）的晶体结构及其电化学性能。研究表明，ＺｒＭｎＶＮｉ合金为多相组织，当Ｍｎ含量较高时，合金的主相为Ｃ１５型Ｌａｖｅｓ相结构；随着Ｖ含量增加，合金中Ｃ１４型Ｌａｖｅｓ相的含量逐渐增加；合金的主相结构与电子浓度有关。Ｍｎ、Ｖ含量影响Ｌａｖｅｓ相合金中的不同类型四面体间隙数目及合金热力学和电化学性能。当合金中的Ｖ／（Ｍｎ＋Ｖ）比率在２／９～４／９范围内，合金表现出较好的综合电化学性能。ＺｒＭｎ０．５Ｖ０．４Ｎｉ１．１合金的最高容量为３４２ｍＡｈ／ｇ，高倍率放电能力为Ｃ２００／（Ｃ２００＋Ｃ５０）＝７５％，经１００次１００％ＤＯＤ充放电循环后，容量保持率为８５％左右。     

Zr_（1－x）Ti_xM_（2．1）合金（M＝V_（0．1）Ni_（0．53）

Ｚｒ_（１－ｘ）Ｔｉ_ｘＭ_（２．１）合金（Ｍ＝Ｖ_（０．１）Ｎｉ_（０．５３）Ｍｎ_（０．３２）Ｆｅ_（０．０５）的吸氢特性和电化学特性用小电弧炉在氩气保护下熔炼了Ｚｒ１－ｘＴｉｘ（Ｖ０．１Ｎｉ０．５３Ｍｎ０．３２Ｆｅ０．０５）２．１（Ｘ＝０、０．１、０?..     

Ti对铸态AB5型合金微观结构与性能的影响

研究了铸态ＭｌＮｉ３．８Ｃｏ０．６Ｍｎ０．５５Ｔｉ０．０５合金的电化学及其显微结构。结果表明,该合金有较好的初始活化性能和较高的低倍率放电容量,但高倍率放电能力和放电电压特性较差,循环稳定性也不甚理想。Ｘ射线衍射,扫描电镜及能谱分析表明：合金中存在第二甚至第三物相,主要为Ｔｉ（ＮｉＣｏＭｎ）相。该相有加快合金粉化速度,降低     

(La_xCe_(1-x))_(0.9)(PrNd)_(0.1)(NiCoMnAl)_5贮氢合金结构和电化学性能的研究

研究了四元混合稀土（Ｌａ_ｘＣｅ_(１－ｘ)）０．９（ＰｒＮｄ）０．１（ＮｉＣｏＭｎＡｌ）_５（ｘ＝０．４～０．９）贮氢合金中Ｌａ, Ｃｅ的不同含量和比例对合金结构和电化学性能的影响。结果表明：合金晶胞的ａ轴和晶胞体积随Ｌａ含量ｘ的增加而增大,而 ｃ 轴则在小幅度内波动;合金电极的最大放电容量随 ｘ的增加而增大,并在 ｘ＝０． ９０时达到最大值（３２８． ９ ｍＡｈ／ｇ）,但平均每循环容量衰减率提高,充放电循环稳定性下降。     

Ml(Ni4.55-xCOxMn0.4Ti0.05)合金的相结构与电化学性能

对Ｍｌ（Ｎｉ４．５５－ｘＣｏｘＭｎ０．４Ｔｉ０．０５）合金（ｘ＝０．０～０．８）的相结构、气态吸放氢特性及电化学性能进行一系统的研究。结果表明,在ｘ≤０．３的组成范围内。合金保持单一的ＬａＮｉ５相：当ｘ〉０．３时,合金中析出多种第二相,且第二相总量随Ｃｏ含量的增加而增多。随合金Ｃｏ含量的增加,晶胞体积增大,吸放氢平台下降,滞后减小,但;定氢容量降低,在Ｘ≤０．３的组成范围内,合 Ｃｏ含量增大提高了     

贮氢电极合金Ml（NiMnTi）4.2Co0.8—XFex（x=0—0.8）的电化学性能

详细地研究了Ｍｌ（ＮｉＭｎＴｉ）４．２Ｃｏ０．８－ｘＦｅｘ（ｘ＝０－０．８）合金的电化学性能。试验发现,随着Ｆｅ含量ｘ从０增加至０．,合金的活化性能得到改善,但最大放电容量从３０２ｍＡｈ／ｇ逐渐降低到２８０ｍＡｈ／ｇ,高倍率放电性能从７８．５％缓慢降至７２．５％;当Ｆｅ含量ｘ≤０．４时,合金的自放电率与高Ｃｏ合金（ｘ＝０）相比有所降低,但当Ｆｅ含量ｘ超过０．４后,合金的自放电率较高Ｃｏ合金有所上升     

La替代Mm对低钴AB5型贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

用XRD和SEM测试了稀土基低钻AB5型LaxMm1-x（NiMnSiAlFe）4．7Co0.2（x=0,1）贮氢合金的微观结构，并全面测试了合金在铸态及快淬态下的电化学性能。研究了La替代Mm对铸态及快淬态低钻贮氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。对合金的电化学性能研究结果表明：La替代Mm使合金的放电容量提高，并使铸态合金的循环寿命由341次提高到370次；La替代Mm使得快淬态合金的循环寿命的增加幅度较小，主要原因是La替代Mm使快淬态合金的晶粒粗化。微观结构测试结果表明：La替代Mm使合金中的第二相消失，并使合金的晶格常数在a轴方向增加，在c轴方向略有减小，晶胞体积增大，这是La替代Mm使合金放电容量提高的主要原因。     

动力型贮氢合金的研究

研制了5个LaNi5型贮氢合金试样，分别对5种合金试样电极的电化学放电容量、高倍率充放电和宽温度范围内充放电性能、循环稳定性及其相结构进行了测试和分析。结果表明：Sn及Si的搀杂增加了合金的非化学计量比，稳定了合金的循环稳定性并改善了合金的高倍率充放性能；合金样(Ml0．90Nd0.10)Ni3.60Co0.50Mn0.40Al0.18Si0.42的容量较高，5C充电效率大于95％，5C放电效率大于90％，400次充放循环后容量保持率大于70％；所设计合金晶型均为CaCu5相，充放电循环后合金主相仍是CaCu5相，同时发生氧化和粉化现象。     

SnCo1-xYx/C纳米晶复合材料的制备及电性能

采用先烧结后球磨的方法制备SnCo1-xYx/C(x=0,0.03,0.1,0.3,0.5)纳米晶负极材料,考察了Y添加量对材料结构和电化学性能的影响。结构分析表明,SnCo/C是由CoSn相和炭黑组成,对于SnCo1-xYx/C,当x=0.03时,出现了CoSn2相,当Y含量较高时,出现了Sn和Y2O3,CoSn与CoSn2相以纳米晶尺度均匀分布在颗粒中。少量Y固溶于CoSn和CoSn2相以及存在于它们的晶界或相界,其余大部分Y与O形成Y2O3分布在颗粒边缘。电化学分析表明,随着Y含量的增加,SnCo1-xYx/C的首次放电容量和循环性能都呈现先增加后减小的趋势。当x=0.1时,放电容量接近最大值,为378mA·h/g,循环性能达到最大值,50次循环后容量保持率为87.6%。     

La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx贮氢合金的相结构和电化学性能

研究了Mn替代Ni对La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.5-xCo1.5Mnx(x=0,0.3,0.6,0.9)贮氢合金相结构和电化学性能的影响。XRDRietveld全谱拟合分析表明:Mn替代改变了合金的物相组成和物相的丰度。LaNi3相消失,αLa2Ni7相丰度的变化表现为先增加(x=0,0.3)后减少(x=0.6,0.9),LaMgNi4相和La5Ni19相的丰度则随合金中Mn含量x的增加而增加。Mn替代Ni降低了合金的贮氢容量、最大电化学放电容量和活化性能,La2Mg0.9Al0.1Ni7.2Co1.5Mn0.3合金电极表现出最好的电化学循环稳定性,合金的高倍率放电性能随Mn含量的增加降低,这归因于交换电流密度(I0)和氢扩散系数(D)的降低。     

Influence of Oxygen Content on Microstructure and Electrochemical Properties of V2-xTi0.5Cr0.5NiOx (x=0~0.35) Hydrogen Storage Alloys

为了提高V基固溶体贮氢合金的充放电循环稳定性能,研究了O含量对V2-xTi0.5Cr0.5NiOx (x=0~0.35)合金的组织结构和电化学性能的影响。组织结构分析表明,当没有添加O时,合金主要由bcc结构的V基固溶体相和TiNi相组成,随着O含量的增加,合金中出现了Ti4Ni2O新相。电化学测试表明,随着O含量的增加合金电极的最大放电容量有所降低,从x=0时的366.8 mAh/g降低到 x=0.35时的225.3 mAh/g,而较少氧含量时,合金电极的循环稳定性能明显得到了改善,从x=0时的69.9%增大到 x=0.2时的83.7%,而后又降低到76.9%（x=0.35）。电化学动力学分析结果表明,合金的高倍率放电性能,交换电流密度和氢的扩散系数均随着O含量的增加先增加而后减小。     

Effects of substituting Ni with M (M=Cu, Al and Mn) on microstructures and electrochemical characteristics of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) electrode alloys

In order to improve the electrochemical cycle stability of La-Mg-Ni system (PuNi3-type) hydrogen storage alloy, Ni in the alloys was partially substituted by M (M=Cu, Al, Mn). A new La-Mg-Ni system electrode alloys La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Mx (M=Cu, Al, Mn;x =0,0.1) were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The effects of element substitution and rapid quenching on the microstructures and electrochemical performances of the alloys were investigated. The results by XRD, SEM and TEM show that the alloys havea multiphase structure, including the (La, Mg)Ni3 phase, the LaNi5 phase and the LaNi2 phase. The rapid quenching and element substitution have an imperceptible influence on the phase compositions of the alloys, but both change the phase abundance of the alloys. The rapid quenching significantly improves the composition homogeneity of the alloys and markedly decreases the grain size of the alloys. The Cu substitution promotes the formation of an amorphous phase in the as-quenched alloy, and a reversal result by the Al substitution. The electrochemical measurement indicates that the element substitution decreases the discharge capacity of the alloys, whereas it obviously improves the cycle stability of the alloys. The positive influence of element substitution on the cycle life of the alloys is in sequence Al＞Cu＞Mn, and negative influence on the discharge capacity is in sequence Al＞Mn＞Cu. The rapid quenching significantly enhances the cycle stability of the alloys, but it leads to a different extent decrease of thedischarge capacity of the alloys.     

Ti0.9Zr0.2Mn（1.8—x）MxV0.2（M=Ni,Cr;x=0,0.2）合金的贮氢性能

研究了Ti0.9Zr0.2Mn(1.8-x)MxV0.2(M=Ni,Cr;x=0,0.2)合金的晶体结构与贮氢性能。结果表明,Ti0.9Zr0.2Mn1.6Ni0.2V0.2和Ti0.9Zr0.2Mn1.6Cr0.2V0.2的贮氢量达到240mL/g。合金的主相均为C14 Laves相,镍,铬的取代使点阵常数和晶胞体积增大,P－C－T曲线的滞后降低,压力平台的倾斜度增加。     

Surface modification and characterization of F-Co doped spinel LiMn2O4

Spinel LiCo0.09Mn1.91O3.92F0.08 as cathode material was modified with LiCoO2 by the sol-gel method, and the crystal structure, morphology and electrochemical performance were characterized with XRD, SEM, EDS, AAS and charge-discharge test in this paper. The results show that a good clad coated on parent material can be synthesized by the sol-gel method, and the materialswith modification have perfect spinel structure. LiCo0.09Mn1.91O3.92F0.08 materials coated by LiCoO2 improve the stability of crystal structure and decrease the dissolution of Mn into electrolyte. With the LiCoO2 content increasing, the specific capacity and cycle performance of samples are improved. The capacity loss is also suppressed distinctly even at 55 ℃.     

The effects of the particle size and active materials on the discharge properties of the Li/Fe(X)S<Subscript>2</Subscript> electrode

Although Li/S batteries produce an efficient initial discharge capacity, they have poor cycle characteristics due to the loss of the active material that occurs in these batteries. Therefore, the material of the metal sulfide series has recently been studied as a substitute. In the present study, the possibility of fine FeS₂ and Fe(x)S₂ compound powders (x=Ni, Co, Mo) are examined using a mechanical alloying method, and the discharge capacity is measured. The mean particle size of the FeS₂ compound powders was measured to be 600 nm at a milling time of 40 h. This data was attained through the utilization of the SEM morphologies. The initial discharge capacity of a Li/FeS₂ battery was 430 mAh/g-FeS₂ if into a fine powder for 20 h milled, and 890 mA/g-FeS₂ if into a fine powder for 30 h milled. Moreover, it was found that if there is an addition of Ni or Co into the compound, it would increase the discharge properties. Fe(x)S₂ composite powders were synthesized in order to improve the cycle life of the battery. From the charge-discharge test results, the initial discharge capacity of the Fe(Ni)S₂ electrode was 845 mAh/g. The initial discharge capacity of the Fe(Co)S₂ electrode was 500 mAh/g, but it showed a better cycle performance than the discharge capacity of electrodes with either additions of Ni or Mo.     

Effects of sodium substitution on properties of LiMn2O4 cathode for lithium ion batteries

Na-doped Li1.05Mn2O4 cathodes were synthesized using a sol-gel process.The samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry(XRD),cyclic voltammetry(CV),electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and charge-discharge measurements. The results show that all the samples exhibit the same cubic spinel phase structure without impurity.The lattice constant and unit cell volume decrease with increasing the sodium dopant amount.As the molar ratio of sodium to manganese(x=n(Na)/n(Mn))increases from 0 to 0.03,the initial discharge capacity of the Li1.05Mn2O4 cathodes decreases from 119.2 to 107.9 mA·h/g,and the discharge capability at large current rate and the storage performance decline dramatically,while cycling performance at room temperature and 55℃are improved.The CV and EIS studies indicate that reversibility of Li1.05Mn2O4 cathodes decreases and the electrochemical impedance increases with increasing the sodium dopant amount.