基于ESPRIT算法的L型阵列MIMO雷达降维DOA估计

该文针对L型阵列MIMO雷达的2维角度估计问题,基于ESPRIT算法提出两种降维DOA估计方法。首先通过降维矩阵的设计及回波数据的降维变换,将高维回波数据转换至低维信号空间;然后分别基于特征分解和传播算子获得信号子空间的估计,最后利用ESPRIT算法实现2维空间角参量的联合估计及参数的自动配对。算法不牺牲阵列孔径,最大程度地降低了回波数据的维数,具有更低的运算复杂度。仿真结果验证了该文理论分析的正确性和算法的有效性。     

一种基于广义旁瓣相消的稳健降维方法

在自适应阵列信号处理中,为了高效进行干扰和噪声对消,提出了一种基于广义旁瓣相消的稳健降维方法。该方法利用信号子空间特征矢量和期望信号的投影导向矢量构造稳健降维阻塞矩阵,阻塞期望信号和噪声分量,使辅助支路中只含有干扰信号,达到了降维的效果,同时提高了算法对阵列天线误差的稳健性。仿真结果表明,该方法对阵列模型误差不敏感,可以有效地降低运算时间。     

基于ESPRIT算法的十字型阵列MIMO雷达降维DOA估计

该文针对十字型阵列配置下的单基地MIMO雷达2维空间角度估计问题,提出一种基于ESPRIT算法的降维DOA估计算法。算法通过降维矩阵的设计及回波数据的降维变换,将高维回波数据转换至低维信号空间,最大程度地去除了所有的冗余数据;利用矩阵的酉变换进行实数域信号子空间的估计,并基于ESPRIT算法实现2维空间角度的联合估计及参数的自动配对。算法不牺牲阵列孔径,在获取信噪比增益和快拍增益的同时,有效降低了回波数据的维数,具有更低的运算复杂度。仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性和算法的有效性。     

基于子空间和投影分离的三维正弦信号频率估计算法

本文提出了一种基于子空间和投影分离的三维正弦信号的频率参数估计算法.算法核心思想在于将三维采样数据阵理解为散布在某一维上的二维切片矩阵列,以此来实现对三维采样数据阵列的降维处理,并通过构造投影矩阵来实现信号中各分量的分离,算法可实现信号各分量三维参数自动配对.在整个估计过程中,算法所用矩阵都维持原采样数据阵规模,因而算法整体运算量较小.计算机仿真结果表明所提算法在性能及运算复杂度上均要优于三维情况下的IMDF算法及HOSVD算法.     

一种改进的特征空间线性约束波束形成器

当期望信号相对干扰信号较弱时,基于特征空间的线性约束最小方差波束形成器（ELCMVB）易把期望信号当成噪声,导致信号子空间的降维,波束形成效果不理想。文章提出了一种基于信号子空间扩展的方法来弥补信号子空间的降维,理论与计算机仿真都说明了该方法的可行性。     

一种低复杂度的信号子空间拟合的新方法

提出一种低复杂度的信号子空间拟合的新方法.证明了多级维纳滤波器的匹配滤波器(或降维矩阵的列矢量)可以张成一个压缩信号子空间.利用其与Krylov子空间等效这一特点,推导出信号子空间拟合一个新的基本公式,进而建立信号子空间拟合一个新的准则函数.分析表明,压缩信号子空间可以由降维矩阵的列矢量有效地张成,而且计算降维矩阵只需要多级维纳滤波器的若干步前向递推,所以本文方法的运算量和复杂度均较小.最后,计算机仿真验证了本文方法的有效性.     

信号的二维到达角和极化估计

本文论述了一种基于子空间方法的多信号二维到达角和极化参量的估计算法。该方法采用了交叉偶极子阵元组成的L型阵列,利用子阵输出信号数据矩阵中包含的信号空间的旋转不变性质,借助于矩阵束方法求解出信号的二维到达角和极化参量的估汁值,并自动进行参数的配对。仿真结果证实了该算法的有效性。     

互质MIMO雷达的非圆信号降维DOA估计方法北大核心CSCD

针对传统互质阵列波达方向估计方法存在的自由度低、阵列孔径小、相位模糊等问题,提出了一种基于互质MIMO雷达的非圆信号降维波达方向(Direction of Arrival, DOA)估计方法。该方法结合了互质阵列与MIMO雷达的优点,利用非圆信号特性对阵列进行扩展,重构接收信号矩阵,然后进行降维处理,并利用噪声特征值的幂级数对噪声子空间进行修正,进一步提高算法精度。最后推导了文中方法的无相位模糊问题。仿真实验表明,文中方法能够有效避免相位模糊,大大提高自由度并扩大阵列孔径,与传统MUSIC算法以及互质阵列MUSIC算法相比,在估计成功率、DOA估计精度等方面均具有更好的性能。     

信号的二维到达角和极化估计

本文论述了一种基于子空间方法的多信号二维到达角和极化参量的估计算法。该方法采用了交叉偶极子阵元组成的Ｌ型阵列，利用子阵输出信号数据矩阵中包含的信号空间的旋转不变性质，借助于矩阵方法求解出信号的二维到达角和极化参量的估计值，并自动进行参数的配对，仿真结果证实了该算法的有效性。     

矢量传感器阵列MIMO雷达高精度二维DOA与极化联合估计

该文采用矢量传感器配置下的十字型阵列MIMO雷达系统,提出一种新的2维高精度DOA与极化参数联合估计算法。首先根据MIMO雷达虚拟阵列导向矢量的特点,通过降维矩阵的设计及回波数据的降维变换,将高维回波数据转换至低维信号空间;然后基于传播算子获得对应信号子空间的估计,利用收、发阵列阵元间长基线对应的旋转不变性和极化矢量中电场矢量和磁场矢量的叉积进行2维高精度DOA估计和解模糊处理,同时利用与阵列结构无关的极化域旋转不变性进行极化辅角和极化相位差的联合估计。该矢量传感器MIMO雷达阵列可同时获取MIMO雷达的波形分集和矢量传感器的极化分集,无需额外增加阵元和硬件开销,能够有效扩展阵列孔径,提高参数估计性能;同时通过降维变换及传播算子,在获取信噪比增益的同时,能够实现2维高精度DOA和2维极化矢量的联合估计及参数的自动配对,有效降低数据处理维数和参数估计的运算复杂度;最后,仿真结果验证了理论分析的正确性和算法的有效性。     

SPATIAL SPECTRUM ESTIMATION OF COHERENT SOURCES IMPINGING ON NONUNIFORM ARRAYS

The problem of bearing estimation of coherent signal impingiog on an array ofarbitrary geometry is studied.Both approaches are developed,the first one synthesizes theobserved array data into the outputs of a linear uniform array and then processes them viaconventional techniques such as spatial smoothing etc.The second approach is based on theinvariant subspace rotation operation which is equivalent to the translational displacement ofthe artay,linearly independent signal vectors are obtained thereby to span perfectly the signalsubspace.As compared with the conventional processing techniques,the approach based oninvariant subspace rotation does not lead to an effective decrease in aperture size and thereforea decrease in resolution capability.The computer simulations are conducted to demonstrate theeffectiveness of the presented approaches.     

DOA estimation with double L-shaped array based on Hadamard product and joint diagonalization in the presence of sensor gain-phase errors

A method with double L-shaped array for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation in the presence of sensor gain-phase errors is presented. The reason for choosing double L-shaped array is that the shared elements between sub-arrays are the most and rotation invariant property can be applied for this array. The proposed method is introduced as follows. (1) If the number of signal is one, first the gain errors are estimated and removed with the diagonal of the covariance matrix of the array output. Then the array is rotated by an unknown angle and DOA can be estimated with the relationship between signal subspace and steering vector of signal. (2) If signals are more than one, the method for eliminating gain errors is the same with the previous case, and then the phase errors are removed by the Hadamard product of the (cross) covariance matrix and its conjugate. After the errors are eliminated, the DOAs can be estimated by rotation invariant property and orthogonal joint diagonalization for the Hadamard product. This method requires neither calibrated sources nor multidimensional parameter search, and its performance is independent of the phase errors. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

     

Subspace Smoothing for Direction of Arrival Estimation in DS-CDMA Systems

In this paper a subspace processing method is introduced that can be used for direction of arrival estimation of coherent signals in an asynchronous DS-CDMA system. Conventional methods of direction of arrival estimation are not directly applicable to the case of multiple coherent signals that impinge on an antenna array from different directions. Some preprocessing is essential prior to estimation in this case. The proposed method exploits the spreading code and the path delays of the desired user to eliminate the contribution of undesired paths in the signal subspace. To this end, the signal subspace is mapped to a new subspace which contains the spatial-temporal signature of the desired signal. Once the desired subspace is created, conventional methods such as MUSIC and ESPRIT can be employed to estimate the desired directions of arrival. It is proved that the obtained direction of arrival estimator, based on the proposed method, is consistent. Also, the estimation performance is evaluated by comparing the proposed method with conventional estimation methods.     

非均匀噪声背景下混合信号DOA估计算法

针对非均匀噪声背景下非相关信源与相干信源并存时波达方向(DOA)估计问题，提出了基于迭代最小二乘和空间差分平滑的混合信号DOA估计算法。首先，该算法利用迭代最小二乘方法得到噪声协方差矩阵估计，然后对数据协方差矩阵进行“去噪”处理，利用子空间旋转不变技术实现非相关信源DOA估计；其次，基于空间差分法消除非相关信号并构造新矩阵进行前后向空间平滑，利用求根MUSIC算法估计相干信源DOA。相比于传统算法，该算法能估计更多的信源数，在低信噪比情况下DOA估计性能更优越。仿真实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。      

Subspace methods for blind joint channel estimation and multiuser detection in CDMA systems

Recently developed subspace techniques for blind adaptive multiuser detection are briefly reviewed first. In particular, blind methods based on signal subspace tracking for adapting linear multiuser detectors in AWGN CDMA channels are considered, as well as extensions of these techniques to frequency selective fading channels, dispersive channels, and antenna array spatial processing. In addition, subspace‐based nonlinear adaptive techniques for robust blind multiuser detection in non‐Gaussian ambient noise channels are also described. Several new techniques are then developed within the subspace framework for blind joint channel estimation and multiuser detection, under some specific channel conditions. These include (1) an adaptive receiver structure for joint multiuser detection and equalization in dispersive CDMA channels, (2) a subspace method for joint multiuser detection and equalization in unknown correlated noise, and (3) a method for joint interference suppression and channel tracking in time‐varying fading channels. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Source localization using recursively applied and projected (RAP)MUSIC

A new method for source localization is described that is based on a modification of the well-known MUSIC algorithm. In classical MUSIC, the array manifold vector is projected onto an estimate of the signal subspace. Errors in the estimate of the signal subspace can make localization of multiple sources difficult. Recursively applied and projected (RAP) MUSIC uses each successively located source to form an intermediate array gain matrix and projects both the array manifold and the signal subspace estimate into its orthogonal complement. The MUSIC projection to find the next source is then performed in this reduced subspace. Special assumptions about the array manifold structure, such as Vandermonde or shift invariance, are not required. Using the metric of principal angles, we describe a general form of the RAP-MUSIC algorithm for the case of diversely polarized sources. Through a uniform linear array simulation with two highly correlated sources, we demonstrate the improved Monte Carlo error performance of RAP-MUSIC relative to MUSIC and two other sequential subspace methods: S and IES-MUSIC. We then demonstrate the more general utility of this algorithm for multidimensional array manifolds in a magnetoencephalography (MEG) source localization simulation     

广义复相关熵与相干分布式非圆信号DOA估计

针对相干分布式非圆信号参数估计算法在脉冲噪声环境下性能退化的问题,本文提出了广义复相关熵的概念,并给出了基于广义复相关熵的相干分布式非圆信号DOA（Direction of Arrival）估计方法。该算法首先由分布式信源模型获得入射信号的阵列输出信号,利用信号的非圆特性得到扩展阵列输出信号,再通过扩展阵列输出信号的广义复相关熵矩阵获取信号子空间,避开了传统二阶统计量算法在脉冲噪声下不适应的问题,最后由信号子空间旋转不变特性得到信号的中心波达方向角度。仿真实验结果表明,在Alpha稳定分布噪声条件下,与传统算法相比,本文所提算法具有更好的性能。      

基于奇异值分解的空域海杂波抑制算法

为实现对高频地波雷达(high frequency surface wave radar,HFSWR)一阶海杂波谱中目标的检测,提出了基于奇异值分解(singular value decomposition,SVD)的空域海杂波抑制算法(简称空域SVD算法).空域SVD算法是利用海杂波较强的相关性,将邻近距离单元作为参...     

Two-dimensional DOA estimation of coherent signals using acoustic vector sensor array

In this paper, we present two new methods for estimating two-dimensional (2-D) direction-of-arrival (DOA) of narrowband coherent (or highly correlated) signals using an L-shaped array of acoustic vector sensors. We decorrelate the coherency of the signals and reconstruct the signal subspace using cross-correlation matrix, and then the ESPRIT and propagator methods are applied to estimate the azimuth and elevation angles. The ESPRIT technique is based on the shift invariance property of array geometry and the propagator method is based on partitioning of the cross-correlation matrix. The propagator method is computationally efficient and requires only linear operations. Moreover, it does not require any eigendecomposition or singular-value decomposition as for the ESPRIT method. These two techniques are direct methods which do not require any 2-D iterative search for estimating the azimuth and the elevation angles. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed methods.     

Sensor array processing based on subspace fitting

Algorithms for estimating unknown signal parameters from the measured output of a sensor array are considered in connection with the subspace fitting problem. The methods considered are the deterministic maximum likelihood method (ML), ESPRIT, and a recently proposed multidimensional signal subspace method. These methods are formulated in a subspace-fitting-based framework, which provides insight into their algebraic and asymptotic relations. It is shown that by introducing a specific weighting matrix, the multidimensional signal subspace method can achieve the same asymptotic properties as the ML method. The asymptotic distribution of the estimation error is derived for a general subspace weighting, and the weighting that provides minimum variance estimates is identified. The resulting optimal technique is termed the weighted subspace fitting (WSF) method. Numerical examples indicate that the asymptotic variance of the WSF estimates coincides with the Cramer-Rao bound. The performance improvement compared to the other techniques is found to be most prominent for highly correlated signals